scholarly journals Obszary depopulacyjne w Polsce w latach 2002–2014

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Majdzińska
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Population Age Structure ◽  
Population Loss ◽  
Real Population ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
And Migration

Depopulation is understood as a real population loss in an area represented by a negative population change. In the present-day Poland, the process is particularly distinct in the economically underperforming areas situated on the peripheries of large urban centres, but some of the most populous cities are also affected by it. The purpose of the presented research using Webb’s typology was to identify Polish poviats that were depopulating in all the years from 2002 to 2014 as a result of natural population decline and negative migration balance (two-factor depopulation). In the research, special attention was given to the rate of change in the number of population (total and by age group) and to a net natural and migration loss in the selected poviats. Selected characteristics of the 2014 population age structure in Poland were also evaluated. The basis for all findings presented in the paper is vital and migratory statistics for the years 2002 to 2014 and the data on poviats’ population age structure from 2002 and 2014 published by the Central Statistical Office.

scholarly journals Long term population decline and the impacts of COVID-19 in South Australia’s regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Jacob Irving ◽  
Sandy Horne ◽  
Andrew Beer
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Resident Population

Background   South Australian regions have been given little attention in discussions on population decline. Aims   This paper aims to examine the nature and incidence of population decline in South Australia as well as evaluate the potential impacts of COVID-19. Data and methods   Estimated Resident Population data from 2001 to 2020, and Census data from 2006 and 2016, were used to investigate demographic and economic change. Measures of population change, age structure, employment and components of population change were used. Results   Population decline has been a feature of South Australia’s regions for decades and continues to be so as more of the population concentrates in its capital and regional centres where greater opportunities of employment and greater provisions of amenities are available. COVID-19 has the potential to accelerate this change if South Australia’s vulnerable regions are not able to absorb the economic impacts the pandemic poses. Conclusions   A strong driver of population decline in the regions is employment loss in core industries. Strategies that support these industries or otherwise aim to stimulate economic activity in these communities are required to moderate further decline in South Australia’s regions especially as the economy recovers from the impacts of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Canadian Provincial Population Growth: Fertility, Migration, and Age Structure Effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Edmonston
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Stationary Population ◽  
Demographic Rates ◽  
Current Population ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Below Replacement Fertility

The effect of changes in rates of mortality, fertility, and migration depend not only on the age-specific patterns and levels of these rates, but on the age structure of the population. In order to remove the influences of the age structure and concentrate on the impact of the demographic rates themselves, a common practice is to analyze the influences of the rates for a standard age structure. This paper adapts the general approach of using a standard age structure to a stationary population equivalent (SPE) model, and analyzes current population change, using the SPE model, for provinces of Canada. Below-replacement fertility levels are only partially offset by net immigration. The SPE model evidences the decrease in the eventual provincial populations brought about by the below replacement fertility. Out-migration for some provinces to other areas of Canada accentuates their eventual population decreases.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
L. F. Pisareva ◽  
N. P. Lyakhova ◽  
I. N. Odintsova ◽  
D. A. Perinov ◽  
Т. N. Chemitdorzhieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration

From 1989 to 2013, demographic processes in the Republic of Buryatia were analyzed. Changes in the basic parameters of the population movement: births, deaths and migration were influenced by the sex and age structure of the population. The proportion of the Russians decreased from 69.9% in 1989 to 64.9% in 2010 and the number of the Buryats increased from 24.0 to 29.5%. With the increase in the proportion of residents over 60 years, a process of the aging of the population was observed. In 2000–2013, there was a positive dynamics of the natural movement of the population, the natural increase in /Т ёь9013 was 5,8 per 1000 persons. Migration population decline in the Republic of Buryatia keeps stable.

scholarly journals Polarized nature of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: associations with population age structure and behaviours

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Okumura
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Population Age Structure ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Drinking Places

Abstract Background Although the scale of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was relatively small in Japan compared with the rest of the world, the polarisation of areas into high- and low-COVID-19-incidence areas was observed among the 47 prefectures. The aims of this study were not only identifying the factors associated with the polarised COVID-19 pandemic in Japan but also discussing effective preventive measures. Methods This was an ecological study using online survey data which was cross-sectionally conducted by the author. A total of 6000 respondents who resided in 10 low- and 10 high-COVID-19 incidence prefectures, with a wide gap in terms of COVID-19 incidence, in Japan were recruited. Data on COVID-19 cases and geodemographic information were obtained from official government sites. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare variables between the two areas and age groups. Results This study revealed that that age influenced people’s behaviours and perceptions, except one behaviour of ‘wearing facemasks’. The major factors significantly associated with the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people were ‘commuting by private automobile’ (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.444; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.394–0.501), ‘commuting by public transportation’ (AOR, 6.813; 95% CI, 5.567–8.336), ‘washing hands’ (AOR, 1.233; 95% CI, 1.005–1.511), ‘opening windows regularly’ (AOR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.104–1.412), ‘avoiding crowded places (AOR, 0.757; 95% CI, 0.641–0.893), ‘non-scheduled visits to drinking places’ (AOR, 1.212; 95% CI, 1.054–1.392) and ‘perceived risk of contracting COVID-19’ (AOR, 1.380; 95% CI, 1.180–1.612). These factors were strongly associated with age groups. Conclusions Effective preventive measures for COVID-19 transmission can be developed by understanding the characteristics of populated areas, such as public transportation infrastructure and younger people’s movements and behaviours in relation to the population age structure to contain the current epidemic and protect the most vulnerable elderly people.

scholarly journals Population of Puerto Rico not displaced by Hurricanes (for now): It’s the economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Kaneshiro ◽  
Collin McCarter ◽  
Mario Marazzi ◽  
Alexis R Santos-Lozada
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
Employment Trends

In September 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall on Puerto Rico and caused 102 billion worth of damages, demolishing the electric grid and severely affecting essential daily services that continued as of the second half of 2019. Amidst the chaos, analysts were expected to provide stakeholders with impact estimates immediately following the hurricane. Unfortunately, this strong need for fast information after the disaster coincided with limited options for high-quality data sources to help stakeholders address challenges such as resource allocation and bond-pricing. Given the stabilization of data sources since the hurricanes, this paper examines historical demographic and economic data to give a long-term view of population change in Puerto Rico. First, we juxtapose population, employment, hurricanes and significant economic events to make the argument that the clearest driver of population decline in Puerto Rico is simply the economic health of the island (i.e. employment). Second, we focus on Pre- and Post-Hurricane Irma/Maria migration estimates to highlight the spike in outmigration following the hurricanes, as well as the, return immigration in the first half of the first half of 2018. Finally, we study historical net outmigration and employment trends to illustrate the short-lived outmigration impacts of hurricanes while also highlighting the long-term outmigration impacts of economic downturns. In short, we argue that the primary reason people are leaving Puerto Rico is the struggling economy and not hurricane-related destruction. The hurricanes simply exacerbated the economic-related outmigration trends and we believe that any serious plans for Puerto Rico’s restoration must include special attention to stimulate the economy.

scholarly journals Market Access and the Concentration of Economic Activity in a System of Declining Cities

REGION ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo Quintero ◽  
Paula Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Population Loss ◽  
City Population ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
System Of Cities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Market access has been widely used as a measure of agglomeration spillovers in models that seek to explain productivity, economic or population growth at the city level. Most results have shown that having higher market access is beneficial to these outcomes. These results, both theoretical and empirical, have been obtained in a context of population growth. This article examines the impact that market access has on a system of cities that has suffered a negative population shock. An extended version of the Brezis and Krugman (1997) model of life cycle of cities predicts that a system of cities experiencing population loss will see a relative reorganization of its population from small to larger cities, and that higher market potential will make this movement stronger. We test these predictions with a comprehensive sample of cities in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. We find that having higher market access - when operating in an environment of population decline - is detrimental to city population growth. This result is robust to different measures of market access that use population. Alternative measures that use economic size rather population are tested, and the result weaker. A possible explanation is that using NLs restricts the sample to only using larger cities. 

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