scholarly journals Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol over γ-Al2O3-Supported Iridium Catalyst

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Tamer S. Ahmed ◽  
Omar Y. Abdelaziz ◽  
George W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Pressure ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Iridium Catalyst ◽  
Glycerol Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Feed Volume

In recent years, much attention has been focused on the hydrogenolysis of biodiesel derived glycerol to other high value products for the sustainable development and efficient valorization strategies. In the present work, alumina-supported Ir catalyst was prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method and tested in the glycerol hydrogenolysis reaction. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by neutron activation analysis, N2 physisorption, and H2 chemisorption techniques. The experiments standard conditions were 150 mL feed volume, 0.3 g catalyst, 1500 rpm stirring speed, and 5 wt% glycerol aqueous solution for 4 h. The effects of catalyst amount, temperature, hydrogen pressure, stirring speed, and solution pH on glycerol conversion and selectivity of the principal products obtained were also investigated. The glycerol conversion and the 1,2-propanediol selectivity varied from 4.9% to 22% and from 23.8% to 70.3%, respectively. It was found that the selectivity of 1,2-propanediol increased significantly with the increased alkalinity of the reaction medium.

Conversion of Glycerol into Value-Added Products Over Cu–Ni Catalyst Supported on γ-Al2O3 and Activated Carbon

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyanarayana Murty Pudi ◽  
Tarak Mondal ◽  
Prakash Biswas ◽  
Shalini Biswas ◽  
Shishir Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Bimetallic Catalysts ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Glycerol Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Acidic Nature

Abstract A series of Cu, Ni monometallic and bimetallic catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3 and activated carbon were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation method and examined for hydrogenolysis and esterification of glycerol. Hydrogenolysis reaction was carried out in a 250 ml Teflon-coated stainless steel batch reactor at 250°C and 10 bar H2 pressure, whereas esterification of glycerol with acetic acid was carried out at 120°C at atmospheric pressure. The physiochemical properties of the catalysts were investigated by various techniques such as surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), NH3-temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Characterization results dictated that the reduction behavior, acidic nature and the metal support interactions were varied with the support as well as Cu/Ni weight ratio. The XRD results confirmed the formation of mixed oxide Cu0.75Ni0.25 Al2O4 phase in Cu–Ni (3:1)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. Among the catalysts tested, Cu–Ni bimetallic catalysts showed superior performance as compared to monometallic catalysts in both the reactions. The glycerol hydrogenolysis activity of γ-Al2O3 supported Cu–Ni catalysts was higher than the activated carbon-supported catalysts. 1,2-PDO was obtained as the main hydrogenolysis product independent of the support as well as Cu/Ni weight ratio and its selectivity was in the range of 92.8–98.5%. The acidic nature of γ-Al2O3 and the mixed oxide (Cu0.75Ni0.25Al2O4) phase played an important role for hydrogenolysis activity. Cu–Ni (3:1)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst showed the maximum 1,2-PDO selectivity to 97% with 27% glycerol conversion after a reaction time of 5 h. On the other hand, Cu–Ni(1:3)/C catalyst showed the highest glycerol conversion of 97.4% for esterification and obtained selectivity to monoacetin, diacetin and triacetin were 26.1%, 67.2% and 6.5%, respectively.

Catalytic Activity and Physical Properties of Nanoparticles Metal Supported on Bentonite for Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Noraini Hamzah ◽  
Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak ◽  
Nadia Farhana Adnan ◽  
Nor Asikin Mohamad Nordin ◽  
Mohamad Bin Kassim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Pressure ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Glycerol Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Initial Hydrogen Pressure ◽  
Catalyst Acidity ◽  
Average Size

Catalysts prepared from a variety of noble metal (Os, Ru, Pd and Au) supported on bentonite using impregnation method were studied and it found these series catalyst system gave different activity and selectivity. Among these catalysts, Os/bentonite and Ru/bentonite catalyst showed high activity in glycerol hydrogenolysis reaction at 150°C, 2.0 MPa initial hydrogen pressure for 7 hours. TEM analysis revealed that these nanometal particles catalyst have different in size and result showed that Os and Ru which have smaller average size in range 1-3 nm gave high activity which are 54.1% and 61.2% respectively. In contrast, less activity was obtained when using Pd/bentonite (29.0%) and Au/bentonite (27.8%) catalyst and TEM result showed that Pd and Au nanoparticles have large average particles size (8-10) nm. NH3-TPD analysis revealed that Ru/bentonite and Os/bentonite catalyst gave high total acidity and this behaviour contribute to high activity of the catalyst. This study revealed that size of nanoparticles and catalyst acidity play an important role in the activity and selectivity in glycerol hydrogenolysis reaction. These catalysts were also characterized by BET, XRD and XPS in order to get some physicochemical properties of the catalyst.

scholarly journals Preparation of Propanols by Glycerol Hydrogenolysis over Bifunctional Nickel-Containing Catalysts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Greish ◽  
Elena D. Finashina ◽  
Olga P. Tkachenko ◽  
Leonid M. Kustov
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Pressure ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Glycerol Hydrogenolysis

The paper presents the results obtained in studying glycerol hydrogenolysis into 1-propanol and 2-propanol over bifunctional Ni/WO3-TiO2 and Ni/WO3-ZrO2 catalysts in the flow system. Due to the optimal combination of acidic and hydrogenation properties of the heterogeneous catalysts, they exhibit higher performance in glycerol conversion into C3 alcohols, although the process is carried out in rather mild conditions. At the reaction temperature of 250 °C and hydrogen pressure of 3 MPa, the total yield of 1-propanol and 2-propanol reaches 95%, and the glycerol conversion is close to 100%.

scholarly journals Glycerol Hydrogenolysis with In Situ Hydrogen Produced via Methanol Steam Reforming: The Promoting Effect of Pd on a Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalyst

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Yuanqing Liu ◽  
Chau T. Q. Mai ◽  
Flora T. T. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Glycerol Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Glycerol Dehydration ◽  
Effect Of Pd ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst ◽  
Reaction Equilibrium

The glycerol hydrogenolysis to produce 1,2-propanediol without using externally supplied hydrogen was investigated using methanol present in crude glycerol to provide in situ hydrogen via its steam reforming reaction. This paper focuses on the promoting effect of Pd on the reactivity of a Cu/Zn/Al2O3 catalyst. Adding 2 wt% Pd onto a Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst significantly improved the selectivity to 1,2-propanediol from 63.0% to 82.4% and the glycerol conversion from 70.2% to 99.4%. This enhancement on the catalytic activity by Pd is mainly due to the improved hydrogenation of acetol, which is the intermediate formed during the glycerol dehydration. The rapid hydrogenation of acetol can shift the reaction equilibrium of glycerol dehydration forward resulting in a higher glycerol conversion. The improved reducibility of the catalyst by Pd allows the catalyst to be reduced in situ during the reaction preventing any loss of catalyst activity due to any potential oxidation of the catalyst. The catalyst was slightly deactivated when it was firstly recycled resulting in a 5.4% loss of glycerol conversion due to the aggregation of Cu and the deactivation became less noticeable upon further recycling.

scholarly journals Tungsten Oxide-Modified SSZ-13 Zeolite as an Efficient Catalyst for Ethylene-To-Propylene Reaction

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Mansurbek Urol ugli Abdullaev ◽  
Sungjune Lee ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Chul-Ung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Propylene Selectivity ◽  
Temperature Programmed

Among the zeolitic catalysts for the ethylene-to-propylene (ETP) reaction, the SSZ-13 zeolite shows the highest catalytic activity based on both its suitable pore architecture and tunable acidity. In this study, in order to improve the propylene selectivity further, the surface of the SSZ-13 zeolite was modified with various amounts of tungsten oxide ranging from 1 wt% to 15 wt% via a simple incipient wetness impregnation method. The prepared catalysts were characterized with several analysis techniques, specifically, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H2-TPR), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and N2 sorption, and their catalytic activities were investigated in a fixed-bed reactor system. The tungsten oxide-modified SSZ-13 catalysts demonstrated significantly improved propylene selectivity and yield compared to the parent H-SSZ-13 catalyst. For the tungsten oxide loading, 10 wt% loading showed the highest propylene yield of 64.9 wt%, which was 6.5 wt% higher than the pristine H-SSZ-13 catalyst. This can be related to not only the milder and decreased strong acid sites but also the diffusion restriction of bulky byproducts, as supported by scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) observation.

Rhenium-promoted Pt/WO3/ZrO2: an efficient catalyst for aqueous glycerol hydrogenolysis under reduced H2 pressure

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (89) ◽  
pp. 86663-86672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Tong ◽  
Anyi Zong ◽  
Wei Gong ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
Yining Fan
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Surface Acidity ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Glycerol Hydrogenolysis

Re improved the dispersion of Pt in Pt/WO3/ZrO2 and enhanced the catalyst surface acidity. Pt–Re/WO3/ZrO2 afforded glycerol conversion >99% and C3 alcohol selectivity >95%. The reactions were performed under reduced H2 pressure.

Vapor-phase Oxidation of Cyclohexane over Supported Fe-Mn Catalysts: In-Situ DRIFTS studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Taraknath Das
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
In Situ Drifts ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Phase Oxidation

Alumina-supported Fe-Mn oxide catalysts were synthesized by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by using various characterization techniques such as surface area, XRD, H2-TPR, and Raman spectra...

scholarly journals Characterization of Ag-promoted Ni/SiO2 Catalysts for Syngas Production via Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Dry Reforming of Glycerol

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazimah Harun ◽  
Jolius Gimbun ◽  
Mohammad Tazli Azizan ◽  
Sumaiya Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Syngas Production

<p>The carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) dry reforming of glycerol for syngas production is one of the promising ways to benefit the oversupply crisis of glycerol worldwide. It is an attractive process as it converts carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas into a synthesis gas and simultaneously removed from the carbon biosphere cycle. In this study, the glycerol dry reforming was carried out using Silver (Ag) promoted Nickel (Ni) based catalysts supported on silicon oxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) i.e. Ag-Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub>. The catalysts were prepared through wet impregnation method and characterized by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermo Gravimetric (TGA) analysis. The experiment was conducted in a tubular reactor which condition fixed at 973 K and CO<sub>2</sub>:glycerol molar ratio of 1, under atmospheric pressure. It was found that the main gaseous products are H₂, CO and CH<sub>4</sub> with H₂:CO molar ratio &lt; 1.0. From the reaction study, Ag(5)-Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> results in highest glycerol conversion and hydrogen yield, accounted for 32.6% and 27.4%, respectively. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved</p><p><em>Received: 22<sup>nd</sup> January 2016; Revised: 22<sup>nd</sup> February 2016; Accepted: 23<sup>rd</sup> February 2016</em></p><strong>How to Cite</strong>: Harun, N., Gimbun, J., Azizan, M.T., Abidin S.Z. (2016). Characterization of Ag-promoted Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts for Syngas Production via Carbon Dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) Dry Reforming of Glycerol. <em>Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis</em>, 11 (2): 220-229 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.553.220-229)<p><strong>Permalink/DOI:</strong> http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.553.220-229</p>

scholarly journals Friedel-Crafts Acylation of Furan: Development of A Green Process Using Chromium-exchanged Dodecatungstophosphoric Acid: Effect of Support, Mechanism and Kinetic Modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak S. Desai ◽  
Ganapati D. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Support Mechanism ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Prior Art ◽  
Acid Effect ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Effect Of Support

Abstract The Friedel-Crafts acylation of furan with acetic anhydride to produce 2-acyl furan is industrially important. With an aim of replacing the highly polluting process, it this study, supported but modified heteropoly acids were used. Metal exchanged dodecatungstophosphoric acid (DTP) was loaded on three different supports and its effect on acylation was evaluated. Thus, chromium exchanged DTP was supported on K-10, SiO2, and ZrO2 using the incipient wetness impregnation method. 20% w/w Cr0.66-DTP/K-10 having the best activity for the acylation of furan with acetic anhydride was chosen for full characterization and reaction kinetics. Under optimized condition, the catalyst to furan ratio was 9.6%, significantly less as per prior art, which gave 88% conversion with 100% selectivity. The prepared catalysts were characterized by sophisticated techniques, namely, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, NH3-TPD, TGA, and BET. The Eley-Rideal mechanism was found to fit the kinetic data. The activation energy was found to be 18.03 kcal/mol. The reaction is green and clean as no chlorinated chemicals, reagents, and catalysts were used.

Porous Metal Oxides as Catalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boxun Hu ◽  
Christopher Brooks ◽  
Eric Kreidler ◽  
Steven L. Suib
Keyword(s):  
Co Hydrogenation ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Cobalt Catalysts ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Mesoporous Catalysts ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Porous Metal Oxides

ABSTRACTPorous CoO/Mn2O3 Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) catalysts have been studied in CO hydrogenation. These CoO/Mn2O3 catalysts have been synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation method. These mesoporous catalysts have pore diameters of 2-25 nm and a surface area of 9.0 m2/g. The gas and liquid products have been analyzed by an online gas chromatograph. The solid products were characterized by gas chromatograph-mass spectroscopy. These microsize cobalt catalysts exhibit good activity with 72.1% CO conversion and they are very stable in a 48 h stream test at 280ºC. The selectivity to paraffins is above 95%. Few wax products were synthesized with a yield of less than 2%. The size effects of the cobalt catalysts have been studied by scanning electron microscopy.

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