scholarly journals Hogyan látják a hazai fiatalok a távlati jövőt?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klára Tóthné Szita ◽  
Jolán Gál ◽  
Tamás Kristóf

A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia IX. Osztály Statisztikai és Jövőkutatási Bizottsága keretein belül működő Felelősen a Jövőért Virtuális Interdiszciplináris Kutatócsoport a hazai jövőkutatás 50 éves jubileuma alkalmából célul tűzte ki, hogy új empirikus vizsgálat keretében feltárja a hazai fiatalok jövővel kapcsolatos gondolatait, várakozásait, reményeit és félelmeit, 20 és 50 éves előretekintéssel. Összességében 1204 fiatal vett részt a kutatásban, és adott értékelhető válaszokat a felmérésben szereplő kérdésekre.Az empirikus eredmények alapján megállapítható, hogy a fiatalok jövővel kapcsolatos várakozásai, a változásokat illetően nagyobbrészt kedvezőnek mondhatók. Személyes életükben a család lesz a legfontosabb, a válaszadók meghatározó többsége az életét Magyarországon képzeli el.A fiatalok meglepően pontos és reális előrejelzéseket tudtak adni globális tendenciákra, beleértve a világpolitikai erőteret, a világgazdasági súlyponteltolódásokat, a globális népesség alakulását, a technológiai fejlődést, valamint a világra leselkedő veszélyeket.A hazai fiatalok reálisan és nem optimistán ítélik meg Magyarország gazdasági és demográfiai helyzetének jövőbeni kilátásait. A népességszám további erőteljes visszaesését vetítik előre, a többség egy gyerekes családban gondolkodik, a várható élettartam csökkenésére számítanak, és nem támogatják a migrációt mint megoldást a demográfiai problémákra. A hazai gazdaság teljesítménye és az életszínvonal tekintetében legtöbben a közép-európai országok színvonalához való felzárkózást tartják valószínűnek. 20 év múlva a többség szerint még forinttal fogunk fizetni.A fiatalok azt gondolják, hogy az emberek környezettudatossága romlik, a természeti katasztrófák erősödnek, valamint az önző és passzív személyiségek előretörnek. Az eredmények alapján azonban jövősokk nem jellemző a fiatalokra, ami kedvező elmozdulás a korábbi felmérésekben tapasztaltakhoz képest. A fiatalok véleménye jelentősen megoszlik abban, hogy szüleiknél jobban fognak-e élni.A fiatalok jelentős változásokat vetítenek előre a műszaki eszközökben, a robottechnológiában, a kommunikációban, az oktatásban, a közlekedésben, a vásárlási szokásokban, a hivatalos ügyintézésben és a munka világában. A megújuló energiaforrások és az önvezető autók részarányának egyértelmű növekedését várják. Bíznak abban, hogy a ma még gyógyíthatatlan betegségeket a jövőben fogják tudni gyógyítani. Throughout the 50-year-jubilee year of Hungarian Futures Studies the ‘Responsible for the Future Virtual Interdisciplinary Research Team’ operating within the Statistical and Futures Studies Scientific Committee of Hungarian Academy of Sciences explored the thoughts, expectations, hopes and fears for the future of Hungarian youth within the framework of new empirical research. The foresight horizon was 20 and 50 years. Altogether 1204 young people participated in the survey and gave adequate answers to the raised questions.On the basis of empirical results, it can be concluded that the expectations of young people towards future changes were mostly favourable. In their personal life the family will be the most important, and the greatest part of respondents intends to live in Hungary.The respondents gave surprisingly exact and realistic forecasts to global tendencies, including global political field of force, changes in shift in world economy, global population, technological development and global threats.Hungarian young people are realistic and not optimistic regarding the future of Hungarian economic and demographic situation. They envisage the further decline of Hungarian population, mostly think in a family with one child, anticipate the reduction of life expectancy, and do not support migration as a solution to demographic problems. Regarding economic performance and standard of living, the respondents mostly regard as realistic to overtake the level of Central-European countries. In 20 years they still believe that Hungarian Forint will remain the national currency.Young people are pessimistic with regard to the worsening of human environmental awareness, the more frequent environmental catastrophes and the prevailing of selfish and passive personalities. However, future shock is not characteristic to Hungarian young people, which is a favourable shift compared to earlier empirical findings. The respondents gave diverse answers, whether they expect a better life than their parents have.Young people anticipate significant changes in technical tools, robot technology, communication, education, transportation, commercial transactions, public administration and labour world. They expect a substantially growing share of renewable energy resources and self-driving cars. They also hope that currently incurable diseases can be cured in the future.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Nováky

A tanulmány ötven év hazai jövőkutatási tevékenységét és tapasztalatait összegezve mutatja be a tudományág hazai fejlődését, a tudománnyá válás és a stabilizálás nehézségeit, az intézményes tudományos jövőkutatás főbb kutatási eredményeinek fejlődési ívét. Két korszakot különböztet meg: a jövőkutatás horizontális és vertikális kiépülésének időszakát és az instabil állapotok kezelésének időszakát. Jövőkutatóink lelkes csapata értékes publikációkkal, konferenciák szervezésével és színvonalas egyetemi szintű oktatással járultak hozzá az egyetemes jövőkutatási ismeret- és tudáshalmazhoz. Az intézményes hazai jövőkutatás fejlődésében jelentős szerepet töltött be a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia IX. Osztályának keretében 1976 óta működő Jövőkutatási (2011 óta: Statisztikai és Jövőkutatási Tudományos) Bizottság. Nemzetközi kapcsolatainkat erősítették a kutatási együttműködések és a baráti kapcsolataink. A magyar jövőkutatók világosan látták, hogy alapvető jövőformáló szerepe a társadalmi innovációnak és az oktatásnak van, ezért mindent megtettek a tudományos kutatás és az oktatás mindenkori szerves kapcsolatáért.Summarizing the preceding 50-year activities and experiences of Hungarian Futures Studies the article evaluates the development of the scientific field, the difficulties of becoming a discipline and stabilization, and the development arch of main scientific results achieved by institutional scientific Futures Studies. The study distinguishes two periods: the era of horizontal and vertical development of Futures Studies, and the era of managing unstable matters. The impassioned team of our futurists has greatly contributed to the knowledge base of Futures Studies by invaluable publications, organizing conferences and high-standard university education. Since 1976 the Futures Studies Committee operating within the Section IX of Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Statistical and Futures Studies Scientific Committee since 2011) has played a substantial role in the institutional development of Hungarian Futures Studies. Our international relationships have been corroborated by research collaborations and friendships. Hungarian futurists have clearly realized that social innovation and education actually have a fundamental future shaping role, hence they have been done their best to accomplish all-time efficient relationship between scientific research and education.


foresight ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Dorr

Purpose Contemporary urban and regional planning practice and scholarship often fails to address the full implications of technological change (technology blindness), lacks a clear or consistent definition of the long term (temporal imprecision) and seldom uses formal foresight methodologies. Discussion in the literature of time horizons beyond 10 years is, therefore, based on profoundly unrealistic assumptions about the future. The paper aims to discuss why conventional reasoning about possible futures is problematic, how consideration of long-term timescales is informal and inconsistent and why accelerating technological change requires that planners rethink basic assumptions about the future from 2030s onward. Design/methodology/approach The author reviews 1,287 articles published between January 2010 and December 2014 in three emblematic urban and regional planning journals using directed content analysis of key phrases pertaining to long-term planning, futures studies and self-driving cars. Findings The author finds that there is no evidence of consistent usage of the phrase long term, that timeframes are defined in fewer than 10 per cent of articles and that self-driving cars and related phrases occur nowhere in the text, even though this technology is likely to radically transform urban transportation and form starting in the early 2020s. Despite its importance, discussion of disruptive technological change in the urban and regional planning literature is extremely limited. Practical implications To make more realistic projections of the future from the late 2020s onward, planning practitioners and scholars should: attend more closely to the academic and public technology discourses; specify explicit timeframes in any discussion or analysis of the future; and incorporate methods from futures studies such as foresight approaches into long-term planning. Originality/value This paper identifies accelerating technological change as a major conceptual gap in the urban and regional planning literature and calls for practitioners and scholars to rethink their foundational assumptions about the long-term and possible, probable and preferable futures accordingly.


2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
Anita Pelle ◽  
László Jankovics

(1) The Halle Insitute for Economic Research (Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle, IWH) in cooperation with the European University Viadrina, Frankfurt an der Oder held a conference on 13-14 May 2004 in Halle (Saale), Germany on Continuity and Change of Foreign Direct Investments in Central Eastern Europe. (Reviewed by Anita Pelle); (2) The University of Debrecen, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration in cooperation with the Regional Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Hungarian Economic Association organised an international symposium on the issue of Globalisation: Challenge or Threat for Emerging Economies on 29 April 2004 in Debrecen, Hungary. (Reviewed by László Jankovics)


2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (21) ◽  
pp. 825-833
Author(s):  
Zoltán Döbrönte ◽  
Mária Szenes ◽  
Beáta Gasztonyi ◽  
Lajos Csermely ◽  
Márta Kovács ◽  
...  

Introduction: Recent guidelines recommend routine pulse oximetric monitoring during endoscopy, however, this has not been the common practice yet in the majority of the local endoscopic units. Aims: To draw attention to the importance of the routine use of pulse oximetric recording during endoscopy. Method: A prospective multicenter study was performed with the participation of 11 gastrointestinal endoscopic units. Data of pulse oximetric monitoring of 1249 endoscopic investigations were evaluated, of which 1183 were carried out with and 66 without sedation. Results: Oxygen saturation less than 90% was observed in 239 cases corresponding to 19.1% of all cases. It occurred most often during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (31.2%) and proximal enteroscopy (20%). Procedure-related risk factors proved to be the long duration of the investigation, premedication with pethidine (31.3%), and combined sedoanalgesia with pethidine and midazolam (34.38%). The age over 60 years, obesity, consumption of hypnotics or sedatives, severe cardiopulmonary state, and risk factor scores III and IV of the American Society of Anestwere found as patient-related risk factors. Conclusion: To increase the safety of patients undergoing endoscopic investigation, pulse oximeter and oxygen supplementation should be the standard requirement in all of the endoscopic investigation rooms. Pulse oximetric monitoring is advised routinely during endoscopy with special regard to the risk factors of hypoxemia. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 825–833.


Author(s):  
Jenny Andersson

Alvin Toffler’s writings encapsulated many of the tensions of futurism: the way that futurology and futures studies oscillated between forms of utopianism and technocracy with global ambitions, and between new forms of activism, on the one hand, and emerging forms of consultancy and paid advice on the other. Paradoxically, in their desire to create new images of the future capable of providing exits from the status quo of the Cold War world, futurists reinvented the technologies of prediction that they had initially rejected, and put them at the basis of a new activity of futures advice. Consultancy was central to the field of futures studies from its inception. For futurists, consultancy was a form of militancy—a potentially world altering expertise that could bypass politics and also escaped the boring halls of academia.


2021 ◽  
pp. 002218562110022
Author(s):  
Elisa Birch ◽  
Alison Preston

This article provides a review of the Australian labour market in 2020. It outlines the monetary and fiscal responses to COVID-19 (including JobKeeper, JobSeeker and JobMaker policies), describes trends in employment, unemployment and underemployment and summarises the Fair Work Commission’s 2020 minimum wage decision. Data show that in the year to September 2020, total monthly hours worked fell by 5.9% for males and 3.8% for females. Job loss was proportionately larger amongst young people (aged 20–29) and older people. It was also disproportionately higher in female-dominated sectors such as Accommodation and Food Services. Unlike the earlier recession (1991), when more than 90% of jobs lost were previously held by males, a significant share (around 40%) of the job loss in the 2020 recession (year to August 2020) were jobs previously held by females. Notwithstanding a pick-up in employment towards year’s end, the future remains uncertain.


2021 ◽  
pp. 136754942110045
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gross

COVID-19 has loosened neoliberalism’s hegemonic grip on the future. Amid the enormous suffering experienced internationally, there is much discussion of how to ‘Build Back Better’, and hope for a more caring, just and sustainable world. But competing futures are being imagined and planned. Hope is never politically neutral, and the content of collective hope is a key site of political struggle. This is partly a question of space: who has the literal and discursive space in which to develop visions of the future? The following article considers the role that cultural studies can play in this struggle. ‘Conjunctural analysis’ has a key task, making visible the competing futures contained within the present. But cultural studies should go further: combining conjunctural analysis with methods drawn from a range of scholarly and activist traditions – including critical pedagogy, devised theatre and the interdisciplinary field of futures studies – that deliberately create spaces for imagining new futures.


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