scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Sitti Hadriyanti Hamang ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati

Bayi dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko yang berkontribusi terhadap kematian bayi khususnya pada masa perinatal. Prevalensi BBLR diperkirakan 15% dari seluruh kelahiran di dunia dan lebih sering terjadi di negara-negara berkembang, angka kematiannya 35 kali lebih tinggi dibanding pada bayi dengan berat badan lahir lebih dari 2500 gram. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Siti Fatimah Makassar, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai faktor risiko ibu hamil dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah(BBLR) di RSKDIA Siti Fatimah Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan case control study. Besar sampel yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan uji hipotesis sampel dan didapatkan sampel sebesar 67 kasus dan perbandingan besar sampel kasus dan kontrol adalah 1:1 sehingga total sampel adalah 134 ibu melahirkan. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan memperhatikan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data di analisis dengan memakai tabel 2 x 2 dan Odds Rasio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  berisiko tapi tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara umur ibu dan paritas ibu dengan kejadian BBLR, berisiko dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara lingkar lengan atas ibu, kadar haemoglobin ibu selama hamil dan status sosial ekonomi dengan kejadian BBLR. Disarankan kepada ibu dengan umur < 20 tahun dan > 35 tahun agar pada masa kehamilannya melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan sedini mungkin secara teratur untuk memantau pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janinnya dan kepada petugas kesehatan agar memberikan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya pemenuhan gizi selama kehamilan. Babies with low birth weight (LBW) are one of the risk factors that contribute to infant mortality, especially in the perinatal period. The prevalence of LBW is estimated at 15% of all births in the world and more often in developing countries, the mortality rate is 35 times higher than in babies with birth weight more than 2500 grams. This research will be conducted at the Siti Fatimah Makassar Mother and Child Hospital, this study aims to obtain information about the risk factors of pregnant women with the incidence of low birth weight babies (LBW) at RSKDIA Siti Fatimah Makassar. The type of research used is an analytical survey with a case control study approach. The sample size was obtained by using a sample hypothesis test and a sample of 67 cases was obtained and the comparison of the case and control sample size was 1: 1 so that the total sample was 134 mothers giving birth. Sampling is done by purposive sampling technique by taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data is analyzed by using 2 x 2 tables and Odds Ratios. The results showed that risky but no significant relationship between maternal age and maternal parity with LBW incidence was risky and there was a significant relationship between arm circumference over the mother, maternal hemoglobin levels during pregnancy and socioeconomic status with the incidence of LBW. It is recommended for mothers aged <20 years and> 35 years so that during pregnancy they carry out prenatal checkups as early as possible regularly to monitor the growth and development of their fetus and to health workers to provide information about the importance of fulfilling nutrition during pregnancy.

Author(s):  
Heidi K. Al-Wassia ◽  
Shahd K. Baarimah ◽  
Asmaa H. Mohammedsaleh ◽  
Manal O. Alsulami ◽  
Ragad S. Abbas ◽  
...  

Objective Low birth weight (LBW) infants (<2,500 g) continued to be a global health problem because of the associated short- and long-term adverse outcomes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of term LBW infants Study Design A prospective and case–control study. All infants born consecutively from September 1, 2018 to August 31, 2019 were included. Cases, term LBW infants, were 1:1 matched to controls, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) term infants. Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies and multiple pregnancies were excluded. Results The prevalence of term LBW in the studied period was 4.8%. Mothers of term LBW infants had significantly lower body mass index (p = 0.05), gained less weight (p = 0.01), had a history of previous LBW (p = 0.01), and lower monthly income (p = 0.04) compared with mothers of term AGA infants even after adjustment for confounders. A nonsignificant higher number of term LBW infants needed NICU admission, while their need for phototherapy was deemed significant. Conclusion We identified nutritional and socioeconomic maternal factors that are significantly associated with LBW infants and should be targeted during antenatal visits to improve neonatal outcomes. Key Points


Author(s):  
Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez ◽  
Rocío Pérez-Iglesias ◽  
Montserrat Gómez-Olmedo ◽  
Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas ◽  
Ramón Gálvez-Vargas

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0213054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfahun Mulatu Wachamo ◽  
Nigus Bililign Yimer ◽  
Asmamaw Demis Bizuneh

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Oulmaati ◽  
Stephane Hays ◽  
Mohamed Ben Said ◽  
Delphine Maucort-Boulch ◽  
Isabelle Jordan ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Demelash ◽  
Achenif Motbainor ◽  
Dabere Nigatu ◽  
Ketema Gashaw ◽  
Addisu Melese

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Efni ◽  
Rizanda Machmud ◽  
Dian Pertiwi

AbstrakAda beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan angka kejadian pneumonia di negara berkembang yaitu: kurangnya pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif, gizi buruk, polusi udara dalam ruangan, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) dan kurangnya imunisasi campak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat, Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control study, sampel terdiri dari 27 case dan 27 control. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara terpimpin serta melihat data rekam medik dan dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian  mendapatkan balita pada kelompok kasus yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (81,5%), paparan asap rokok (74,1%), riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah (3,7%), tidak mendapatkan imunisasi campak (40,7%) dan gizi kurang (25,9%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian pneumonia (p=0,022; OR=9,1; 95%CI=1,034-80,089), sedangkan pemberian ASI eksklusif, paparan asap rokok, riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah dan imunisasi campak tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap pneumonia.Kata kunci: balita, faktor risiko, pneumonia AbstractPneumonia in developing countries are associated to the risk factors such as: lack of exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, indoor air pollution, low birth weight and lack of measles vaccinations. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated on the occurrence of pneumonia among the children under five years of age in Air Tawar Barat district, Padang City. This study used case control study  to the 27 cases and 27 control. The data were collected by guided interview and the medical records, than was analyzed by chi-square.test. The results of this study obtanined in the group of cases based on the low exclusive breastfeeding rates (81.5%), exposure to cigarette smoke (74.1%), a history of low birth weight (3.7%), did not get measles vaccinations (40.7%) and malnutrition (25.9%). The result of bivariate analysis shows the significant relationship between nutritional status on the occurrence of pneumonia (p=0.022; OR=9.1; 95% CI=1.034-80.089). The exclusive breastfeeding, exposure to cigarette smoke, a history of low birth weight and measles vaccinations are not significantly related to the occurrence of pneumonia. Keywords: children under five years of age, risk factors, pneumonia


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