scholarly journals Geological map of the Mt. Vettoretto–Capodacqua area (Central Apennines, Italy) and cross-cutting relationships between Sibillini Mts. Thrust and Mt. Vettore normal faults system

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2.2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Francesca Stendardi ◽  
Franco Capotorti ◽  
Simone Fabbi ◽  
Valeria Ricci ◽  
Stefania Silvestri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Faults ◽  
Central Apennines ◽  
Geological Map

Global Mapping and Analysis of the Structural Features in the Northern Smooth Plains of Mercury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
marco cardinale ◽  
Gaetano Di Achille ◽  
David A.Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Planetary Science ◽  
Altimeter Data ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Laser Altimeter ◽  
Volcanic Material ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Dual Imaging

<p>Orbital data from the Messenger spacecraft (1) reveal that part of the Mercury surface is covered by smooth plains, which are interpreted to be flood volcanic material across the planetary surface (2). In this work, we present a detailed geo-structural map of the northern smooth plains between<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>latitudes 29°N and 65°N. Our 1:100.000-scale map is obtained semi-automatically, using an algorithm to map all scarps from a DEM (3,4) followed by visual inspection and classification in ArcGIS. We created a DEM<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>using the raw MLA (Mercury Laser Altimeter) data (1) ,with 500 m/pix, and we used the Mercury Messenger MDIS (Mercury Dual Imaging System) (1,2) base map with 166m per pixel for the classification stage. With this approach, we mapped and characterized 51664 features on Mercury, creating a database with several morphometric attributes (e.g. length, azimuth, scarp height) which we will use to study the tectonic evolution of the smooth plains.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p>In this way, we classified wrinkle ridges’s scarps, ghost craters, rim craters and central peaks. The morphometric parameters of the wrinkle ridges will<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>be quantitatively analyzed, in order to characterizer the possible tectonic process that could have formed them.</p> <p>This map can be considered an enhancement for the north pole of the global geological map of Mercury (1, 5).</p> <p> </p> <p>References</p> <ul> <li>Hawkins, S. E., III, et al. (2007), The Mercury Dual Imaging System on the MESSENGER spacecraft, Space Sci. Rev., 131, 247–338..<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></li> <li>Denevi, B. W., et al. (2013), The distribution and origin of smooth plains on Mercury, J. Geophys. Res. Planets, 118, 891–907, doi:10.1002/jgre.20075.</li> <li>Alegre Vaz, D. (2011). Analysis of a Thaumasia Planum rift through automatic mapping and strain characterization of normal faults. Planetary and Space Science, 59(11-12), 1210–1221. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2010.07.008 .</li> <li>Vaz, D. A., Spagnuolo, M. G., & Silvestro, S. (2014). Morphometric and geometric characterization of normal faults on Mars. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 401, 83–94. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.022.</li> <li>Kinczyk, M. J., Prockter, L., Byrne, P., Denevi, B., Buczkowski, D., Ostrach, L., & Miller, E. (2019, September). The First Global Geological Map of Mercury. In <em>EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019</em> (Vol. 2019, pp. EPSC-DPS2019).</li> </ul>

scholarly journals Repeated surveys reveal nontectonic exposure of supposedly active normal faults in the central Apennines, Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Kastelic ◽  
Pierfrancesco Burrato ◽  
Michele M. C. Carafa ◽  
Roberto Basili
Keyword(s):  
Normal Faults ◽  
Central Apennines

scholarly journals Descriptive text to the Geological map of Greenland, 1:100 000, Kilen 81 Ø.1 Syd

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Kristian Svennevig ◽  
Peter Alsen ◽  
Pierpaolo Guarnieri ◽  
Jussi Hovikoski ◽  
Bodil Wesenberg Lauridsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
The South ◽  
Thrust Sheet ◽  
Basin Inversion ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Surrounding Areas

The geological map sheet of Kilen in 1:100 000 scale covers the south-eastern part of the Carboniferous– Palaeogene Wandel Sea Basin in eastern North Greenland. The map area is dominated by the Flade Isblink ice cap, which separates several minor isolated landmasses. On the semi-nunatak of Kilen, the map is mainly based on oblique photogrammetry and stratigraphical field work while in Erik S. Henius Land, Nordostrundingen and northern Amdrup Land the map is based on field data collected during previous, 1:500 000 scale regional mapping. Twenty-one Palaeozoic–Mesozoic mappable units were identified on Kilen, while the surrounding areas comprise the Late Cretaceous Nakkehoved Formation to the north-east and the Late Carboniferous Foldedal Formation to the south-west. On Kilen, the description of Jurassic–Cretaceous units follows a recently published lithostratigraphy. The Upper Palaeozoic–lowermost Cretaceous strata comprise seven formations and an informal mélange unit. The overlying Lower–Upper Cretaceous succession comprises the Galadriel Fjeld and Sølverbæk Formations, which are subdivided into six and five units, respectively. In addition, the Quaternary Ymer Formation was mapped on south-east Kilen. The Upper Palaeozoic to Mesozoic strata of Kilen are faulted and folded. Several post-Coniacian NNW–SSE-trending normal faults are identified and found to be passively folded by a later N–S compressional event. A prominent subhorizontal fault, the Central Detachment, separates two thrust sheets, the Kilen Thrust Sheet in the footwall and the Hondal Elv Thrust Sheet in the hanging wall. The style of deformation and the structures found on Kilen are caused by compressional tectonics resulting in post-extensional, presumably Early Eocene, folding and thrusting and basin inversion. The structural history of the surrounding areas and their relation to Kilen await further studies.

Descriptive text to the Geological map of Greenland, 1:100 000, Kilen 81 Ø.1 Syd

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Kristian Svennevig ◽  
Peter Alsen ◽  
Pierpaolo Guarnieri ◽  
Jussi Hovikoski ◽  
Bodil Wesenberg Lauridsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
The South ◽  
Thrust Sheet ◽  
Basin Inversion ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Surrounding Areas

NOTE: This Map Description was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this series, for example: Svennevig, K., Alsen, P., Guarnieri, P., Hovikoski, J., Wesenberg Lauridsen, B., Krarup Pedersen, G., Nøhr-Hansen, H., & Sheldon, E. (2018). Descriptive text to the Geological map of Greenland, 1:100 000, Kilen 81 Ø.1 Syd. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Map Series 8, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.34194/geusm.v8.4526 _______________ The geological map sheet of Kilen in 1:100 000 scale covers the south-eastern part of the Carboniferous–Palaeogene Wandel Sea Basin in eastern North Greenland. The map area is dominated by the Flade Isblink ice cap, which separates several minor isolated landmasses. On the semi-nunatak of Kilen, the map is mainly based on oblique photogrammetry and stratigraphical field work while in Erik S. Henius Land, Nordostrundingen and northern Amdrup Land the map is based on field data collected during previous, 1:500 000 scale regional mapping. Twenty-one Palaeozoic–Mesozoic mappable units were identified on Kilen, while the surrounding areas comprise the Late Cretaceous Nakkehoved Formation to the north-east and the Late Carboniferous Foldedal Formation to the south-west. On Kilen, the description of Jurassic–Cretaceous units follows a recently published lithostratigraphy. The Upper Palaeozoic–lowermost Cretaceous strata comprise seven formations and an informal mélange unit. The overlying Lower–Upper Cretaceous succession comprises the Galadriel Fjeld and Sølverbæk Formations, which are subdivided into six and five units, respectively. In addition, the Quaternary Ymer Formation was mapped on south-east Kilen. The Upper Palaeozoic to Mesozoic strata of Kilen are faulted and folded. Several post-Coniacian NNW–SSE-trending normal faults are identified and found to be passively folded by a later N–S compressional event. A prominent subhorizontal fault, the Central Detachment, separates two thrust sheets, the Kilen Thrust Sheet in the footwall and the Hondal Elv Thrust Sheet in the hanging wall. The style of deformation and the structures found on Kilen are caused by compressional tectonics resulting in post-extensional, presumably Early Eocene, folding and thrusting and basin inversion. The structural history of the surrounding areas and their relation to Kilen await further studies.

Late Miocene thrust tectonics of the Latin Valley: insights from seismic lines (Central Apennines, Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Vico ◽  
Giovanni Luca Cardello
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Central Apennines ◽  
Kinematic Evolution ◽  
Geothermal Fluids ◽  
Thrust Tectonics ◽  
Thrust Sheets

<p>In west-directed subduction zones, as the compression moves towards the foreland, the accretionary prism progressively expands to follow the hinge migration towards the east. Although late Miocene foreland propagation implies the shift of the thrust front, in the central Apennines, the effects of the Messinian compression can be observed on a much broader area, implying out-of-sequence thrusting in the rear.</p><p>In order to understand the Messinian involvement of the previously formed Tortonian belt-foredeep system, a regional reinterpretation is here provided. The analysis of publicly available 2D seismic reflection lines across the upper and middle Latin Valley and 10 wells enables the identification of two main seismostratigraphic units: i) the Meso-Cenozoic neritic carbonates and ii) the upper Tortonian siliciclastic pelitic and arenaceous turbiditic associations of the Frosinone Formation.</p><p>The most evident reflectors are the upper Cretaceous and upper Serravallian top paraconformities, which, due to tectonic repetition can be followed at different depths. We find that minor reflectors can be attributed to the several thrusts affecting folded Meso-Cenozoic neritic carbonates. This observation allows us, together with field and well evidences, to trace several thrust sheets characterized by a general top-to-the NE sense of shear. In a few sections from the Latin Valley (e.g. Line FR-309-80), we recognized the Meso-Cenozoic neritic carbonates being thrusted together with the Tortonian Frosinone Formation, on top of a laterally variably thick siliciclastic succession. This further syn-orogenic unit could be related to the early Messinian sandstones of the Torrice Formation, implying that out-of-sequence thrusting took place in the Latin Valley during the wedge-top sedimentation. The thin-skinned fold-and-thrust fabric is defined by en-échelon distributed thrusts, NNE- and ENE striking tear faults and minor pop-up structures often determining ideal traps for hydrocarbon and geothermal fluids. Finally, conjugated NW-striking high-angle normal faults crosscut the orogenic heritage and sets a horst and graben structure associated with continental deposition and the Volsci Volcanic Field.</p><p>The limited oil exploitation over the past century has targeted only the shallower siliciclastic traps and some evidences in the shallower neritic carbornate thrust sheets. At the light of our new interpretation, the deeper carbonate units could be a new focus for hydrocarbon accumulation and may furnish targets for geothermal and/or hydrocarbon research in the area. Future work aims at quantify the Tortonian and Messinian amount of shortening by taking into consideration the adjoining Volsci Range. Finally, our findings bear implications on geodynamic reconstructions and may represent an example of the geometry and kinematic evolution of platform derived thrust sheets and similar belts worldwide associated with W-directed subduction zones.</p>

Comb-veins as a marker for crustal-scale fluid circulation: insight from geochronological (U-Th dating), geochemical, and field to microstructural analyses along the seismogenic Val Roveto Fault (central Apennines, Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Smeraglia ◽  
Stefano M. Bernasconi ◽  
Fabrizio Berra ◽  
Andrea Billi ◽  
Chiara Boschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Fluid Circulation ◽  
Central Apennines ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Fault Surface ◽  
Geochemical Signature

<p>Comb-veins are mineral-filled fractures oriented perpendicular to fault surfaces, with their intersection with the fault surface generating lineations that are perpendicular to the downdip slip direction. Despite the large occurrence along normal faults within seismogenic extensional tectonic settings (i.e. Greece, Turkey, Italy), their origin, geochemical signature, and kinematics are still poorly constrained. Here we present the first multidisciplinary study, combining field to microscale observations (optical microscope and cathodoluminescence) with geochemical-geochronological analyses (U-Th dating, stable-clumped isotopes, Strontium isotopes, whole-rock geochemistry, and fluid inclusions), on calcite-filled comb-veins cutting through the principal surface of the seismogenic Val Roveto Fault in the central Apennines, Italy. We show that comb-veins precipitated in Late Pleistocene time (between 300 ky and 140 ky) below the present-day outcrop level at a maximum depth of ∼350 m and temperatures between 32 and 64°C from deep-seated fluids modified by reactions with crustal rocks and with a mantle contribution (up to ∼39%). The observed geochemical signature and temperatures are not compatible which those of cold meteoric water and/or shallow groundwater (maximum temperature of 12 °C) circulating within shallow aquifers (≤ 500 m depth) in the study region. Therefore, we propose that deep-seated crust/mantle-derived warm fluids were squeezed upward during earthquakes and were hence responsible for calcite precipitation at shallow depths in co-seismic comb fractures. As comb-veins are rather common, particularly along seismogenic normal faults, we suggest that further studies are necessary to test whether these veins are often of co-seismic origin. If so, they may become a unique and irreplaceable tool to unravel the seismic history and crustal-scale fluid circulation of active faults.</p>

scholarly journals Defining a mid-Holocene earthquake through speleoseismological and independent data: implications for the outer Central Apennines (Italy) seismotectonic framework

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Di Domenica ◽  
Alberto Pizzi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Fault ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Quantitative Modeling ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
The West ◽  
Central Apennines ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Karst Conduit

Abstract. A speleoseismological study has been conducted in the Cavallone Cave, located in the easternmost carbonate sector of the Central Apennines (Maiella Massif), in a seismically active region interposed between the post-orogenic extensional domain, to the west, and the contractional one, to the east. The occurrence of active silent normal faults, to the west, close to blind thrusts, to the east, raises critical questions about the seismic hazard for this transitional zone. Large collapses of cave ceilings, fractures, broken speleothems with new re-growing stalagmites on their top, preferential orientation of fallen stalagmites and the absence of thin and long concretions have been observed in many portions of the karst conduit. This may indicate that the cave suffered sudden deformation events likely linked to the occurrence of past strong earthquakes. Radiocarbon dating and, above all, the robust correspondence with other coeval on-fault and off-fault geological data collected in surrounding areas outside the cave, provide important constraints for the individuation of a mid-Holocene paleoearthquake around 4.6–4.8 kyr BP. On the basis of the available paleoseismological data, possible seismogenic sources can be identified with the Sulmona normal fault and other active normal fault segments along its southern prosecution, which recorded synchronous strong paleoevents. Although the correlation between speleotectonic observations and quantitative modeling is disputed, studies on possible effects of earthquake on karstic landforms and features, when corroborated by independent data collected outside caves, can provide a useful contribution in discovering past earthquakes.

Contrasting transient and steady-state rivers crossing active normal faults: new field observations from the Central Apennines, Italy

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander C. Whittaker ◽  
Patience A. Cowie ◽  
Mikaël Attal ◽  
Gregory E. Tucker ◽  
Gerald P. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Central Apennines ◽  
Transient And Steady State
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