MECHANICAL VIBRATION AND SHOCK MEASUREMENT OF MATERIAL FLOW DEVICES AND SYSTEMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
István Szentmiklósi ◽  
Béla Illés
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mathematical Foundations ◽  
Flow Devices

The article deals with the measurement and analysis of the vibration of material flow devices and systems. This work has been done to find out if and in what form kinetic energy arises in comprehensive material flow processes. In the first chapter the theory of vibration measurement from periodic vibration to transient effects will be described using their physical and mathematical foundations.  In the second chapter will present the results of the large-scale measurements. A special focus is on the natural frequency of the individual material flow devices. It has to be examined whether it is a certain useful frequency of technical units such as trucks, conveyor belt, etc. egsist over the entire supply chain. At the beginning of the article, the theoretical basics of metrology will be described, then the results will be presented and then the results will be summarized and evaluated. At the very end, an outlook is given about the further steps of the work.

Models, Practices and Methods of Reading: Evolution in Time and Space

2009 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Yulia P. Melentyeva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Program ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Individual

In recent years as public in general and specialist have been showing big interest to the matters of reading. According to discussion and launch of the “Support and Development of Reading National Program”, many Russian libraries are organizing the large-scale events like marathons, lecture cycles, bibliographic trainings etc. which should draw attention of different social groups to reading. The individual forms of attraction to reading are used much rare. To author’s mind the main reason of such an issue has to be the lack of information about forms and methods of attraction to reading.

scholarly journals Nondestructive Detection of the Gel State of Preserved Eggs Based on Dielectric Impedance

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Cheng-Han Li ◽  
Chun-Hung Hsieh ◽  
Cheng-Chu Hung ◽  
Ching-Wei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Nyquist Diagram ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

After completing the production of preserved eggs, traditionally, the degree of gelling is judged by allowing workers to tap the preserved eggs with their fingers and sense the resulting oscillations. The amount of oscillation is used for the quality classification. This traditional method produces varying results owing to the differences in the sensitivity of the individual workers, who are not objective. In this study, dielectric detection technology was used to classify the preserved eggs nondestructively. The impedance in the frequency range of 2–300 kHz was resolved into resistance and reactance, and was plotted on a Nyquist diagram. Next, the diagram curve was fitted in order to obtain the equivalent circuit, and the difference in the compositions of the equivalent circuits corresponding to gelled and non-gelled preserved eggs was analyzed. A preserved egg can be considered an RLC series circuit, and its decay rate is consistent with the decay rate given by mechanical vibration theory. The Nyquist diagrams for the resistance and reactance of preserved eggs clearly showed that the resistance and reactance of gelled and non-gelled eggs were quite different, and the classification of the eggs was performed using Bayesian network (BN). The results showed that a BN classifier with two variables, i.e., resistance and reactance, can be used to classify preserved eggs as gelled or non-gelled, with an accuracy of 81.0% and a kappa value of 0.62. Thus, a BN classifier based on resistance and reactance demonstrates the ability to classify the quality of preserved egg gel. This research provides a nondestructive method for the inspection of the quality of preserved egg gel, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of an automated preserved egg inspection system that can be used as the scientific basis for the determination of the quality of preserved eggs.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pharmaceutical Tablets Using UV Hyperspectral Imaging as a Rapid Line to Line Analysis Tool

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4436
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al Ktash ◽  
Mona Stefanakis ◽  
Barbara Boldrini ◽  
Edwin Ostertag ◽  
Marc Brecht
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Sample Set

A laboratory prototype for hyperspectral imaging in ultra-violet (UV) region from 225 to 400 nm was developed and used to rapidly characterize active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in tablets. The APIs are ibuprofen (IBU), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and paracetamol (PAR). Two sample sets were used for a comparison purpose. Sample set one comprises tablets of 100% API and sample set two consists of commercially available painkiller tablets. Reference measurements were performed on the pure APIs in liquid solutions (transmission) and in solid phase (reflection) using a commercial UV spectrometer. The spectroscopic part of the prototype is based on a pushbroom imager that contains a spectrograph and charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The tablets were scanned on a conveyor belt that is positioned inside a tunnel made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in order to increase the homogeneity of illumination at the sample position. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to differentiate the hyperspectral data of the drug samples. The first two PCs are sufficient to completely separate all samples. The rugged design of the prototype opens new possibilities for further development of this technique towards real large-scale application.

scholarly journals A CloudSat–CALIPSO View of Cloud and Precipitation Properties across Cold Fronts over the Global Oceans

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 6743-6762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Naud ◽  
Derek J. Posselt ◽  
Susan C. van den Heever
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cold Front ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Scale Parameters ◽  
Convective Clouds ◽  
Cold Fronts ◽  
Surface Front ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The distribution of cloud and precipitation properties across oceanic extratropical cyclone cold fronts is examined using four years of combined CloudSat radar and CALIPSO lidar retrievals. The global annual mean cloud and precipitation distributions show that low-level clouds are ubiquitous in the postfrontal zone while higher-level cloud frequency and precipitation peak in the warm sector along the surface front. Increases in temperature and moisture within the cold front region are associated with larger high-level but lower mid-/low-level cloud frequencies and precipitation decreases in the cold sector. This behavior seems to be related to a shift from stratiform to convective clouds and precipitation. Stronger ascent in the warm conveyor belt tends to enhance cloudiness and precipitation across the cold front. A strong temperature contrast between the warm and cold sectors also encourages greater post-cold-frontal cloud occurrence. While the seasonal contrasts in environmental temperature, moisture, and ascent strength are enough to explain most of the variations in cloud and precipitation across cold fronts in both hemispheres, they do not fully explain the differences between Northern and Southern Hemisphere cold fronts. These differences are better explained when the impact of the contrast in temperature across the cold front is also considered. In addition, these large-scale parameters do not explain the relatively large frequency in springtime postfrontal precipitation.

scholarly journals Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Water and Wastewater Treatment: Preparation to Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5717
Author(s):  
Mian Muhammad-Ahson Aslam ◽  
Hsion-Wen Kuo ◽  
Walter Den ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Muhammad Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Water And Wastewater

As the world human population and industrialization keep growing, the water availability issue has forced scientists, engineers, and legislators of water supply industries to better manage water resources. Pollutant removals from wastewaters are crucial to ensure qualities of available water resources (including natural water bodies or reclaimed waters). Diverse techniques have been developed to deal with water quality concerns. Carbon based nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with their high specific surface area and associated adsorption sites, have drawn a special focus in environmental applications, especially water and wastewater treatment. This critical review summarizes recent developments and adsorption behaviors of CNTs used to remove organics or heavy metal ions from contaminated waters via adsorption and inactivation of biological species associated with CNTs. Foci include CNTs synthesis, purification, and surface modifications or functionalization, followed by their characterization methods and the effect of water chemistry on adsorption capacities and removal mechanisms. Functionalized CNTs have been proven to be promising nanomaterials for the decontamination of waters due to their high adsorption capacity. However, most of the functional CNT applications are limited to lab-scale experiments only. Feasibility of their large-scale/industrial applications with cost-effective ways of synthesis and assessments of their toxicity with better simulating adsorption mechanisms still need to be studied.

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