scholarly journals Assessing biomarkers of ageing as measures of cumulative animal welfare

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Biological Ageing ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Ideal Measure ◽  
The Ideal

In order to determine which conditions provide the best overall quality of life for nonhuman animals, it is important to be able to measure their cumulative welfare experience. The ideal measure of cumulative welfare would be comprehensive, objectively measurable, and easy to transfer across species; however, existing approaches fall far short of this ideal. Recent academic work has suggested that measures of biological ageing could provide a highly promising alternative measure of cumulative welfare, which comes much closer to meeting these ideal goals. Here, I review the existing empirical support for the use of biomarkers of ageing as a measure of cumulative welfare, discuss the prerequisites of applying the method, and explore a number of important caveats that may limit its applicability. Overall, despite some important potential weaknesses, biomarkers of ageing are likely to represent an important step forward in the assessment of cumulative animal welfare, which could potentially help resolve some important long-running uncertainties and disputes in the animal-welfare movement.

Quality of Life and the Carbon Footprint: A Zip-Code Level Study Across the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-343
Author(s):  
Matthew Thomas Clement ◽  
Chad L. Smith ◽  
Tyler Leverenz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Zip Code

Much sustainability scholarship has examined the environmental dimensions of subjective and objective well-being. As an alternative measure of human well-being, we consider the notion of quality of life and draw on a framework from the sustainability literature to study its association with ecological impact, specifically the carbon footprint. We conduct a quantitative analysis, combining zip-code level data on quality of life and the carbon footprint per household for the year 2012 across the continental United States ( n=29,953). Findings consistently show a significant, negative association between quality of life and the carbon footprint. Our findings point to the potential advantages of utilizing robust objective measures of quality of life that extends beyond economic well-being and life expectancy alone. Furthermore, our findings question the conventional wisdom that sustainability requires sacrifices, while suggesting opportunities for how increased levels of sustainability may be achieved while retaining high levels of quality of life.

scholarly journals Spirituality and Gratitude as Predictors of the Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ms. Alvita de Souza ◽  
Dr. Shanmukh V. Kamble
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Stage 1

The present study was designed to: (a) determine whether there is empirical support for a relationship between Gratitude and Spirituality in Quality of Life, (b) provide an estimate of the strength of this relationship, and (c) examine whether Spirituality and Gratitude is a predictor of quality of life. Stage 1 and Stage 2 Cancer patients were employed for this study. The sample for the study consisted of 397 Cancer patients aged between 36 to 67 years. The Spirituality Scale, Gratitude Scale and the Quality of Life for Adult Cancer Survivors were administered on the participants. Results supported previous research that Spirituality and Gratitude were positively correlated to Quality of life. It was also was a significant predictor in Quality of Life in Cancer Patients. The implication of this study is that Spirituality and Gratitude as a paradigm can be used to improve the Quality of life particularly for those who report very poor health while suffering from Cancer or are at the end of their life with disease.

scholarly journals 662 MICROVASCULAR MYOCUTANEOUS AND CUTANEOUS FREE FLAP RECONSTRUCTION FOR PATIENTS WITH TERMINAL ESOPHAGOSTOMY AFTER COMPLICATED ONCOLOGICAL ESOPHAGUS RESECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Pölsler ◽  
Jaroslav Presl ◽  
Christian Brandtner ◽  
Alexander Gaggl ◽  
Jörg Hutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Free Flap ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract   Persisting anastomotic leak after oncological esophagectomy is a severe problem associated with high mortality and morbidity. Unfortunately, treatment options with promising results are scarce especially when conventional operative and endoscopic methods have failed. Due to limitation of oral intake and need for artificial nutrition quality of life is reduced. Microvascular myocutaneous and cutaneous free flap (MFF) reconstruction could be a promising alternative. Methods This retrospective cohort study presents seven patients treated between March 2017 and November 2020 at our surgical department, with terminal esophagostomy after complicated oncological esophagus resection without further feasible treatment options. All Patients received anastomotic MFF reconstruction. We have examined postoperative outcomes, complications according to Clavien-Dindo-Classification and patient contentment with a questionnaire. Additionally, we described important procedure related facts. Results The included seven male patients had median age of 65.15 years (range: 48–75). MFF function was adequate in six out of seven patients, graft rejection appeared in one patient. Five patients initially had good results, surgical revision was performed in one patient to ensure graft function. Postoperative complications appeared in 6/7 patients (Table 1). Mean duration of inpatient care was 63 days (Range: 24–156). At time of evaluation, one patient has died cancer related. No more additional nutrition was needed in 3/6 patients with adequate graft function. The majority of patients reported an improved quality of life compared to preoperatively. Conclusion MFF free flap can be a safe and feasible treatment option for patients with terminal esophagostomy after complicated oncological esophagus resection without further treatment options or in patients with complicated postoperative course with complex combined defects. The renewed ability of oral food intake results in a significant improvement of quality of life for the patients. No procedure related mortality was observed. Number of patients with regained ability of oral intake is encouraging.

scholarly journals Modern Application of Computer Science and Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Jinghai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Times ◽  
Modern Application ◽  
The Ideal

In the current era of rapid development of science and technology, computer technology has been used in various fields and has become an indispensable part of people’s lives. Nowadays, the quality of life has improved significantly, and at the same time, people are pursuing higher and higher goals. In order to meet the ideal living conditions that people are pursuing, relevant computer personnel are also working hard to explore modern applications of computers and technology. The connection makes the computer a symbol of the development of the times. At this stage in China, since computer technology is not yet mature, this article discusses the problems in the modern application of computer science and technology and the methods to solve the existing problems.

Quality of life: what is it, and what can vets do to influence it?

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 148.1-148
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Discussion Forum

Every veterinary professional dedicates their career to ensuring the health and welfare of animals committed to their care. But what does this mean for the modern vet? This question, explains Erika Singh, Animal Welfare Foundation (AWF) Manager, will be explored at this year’s AWF Discussion Forum.

Application of psychometrics to assess quality of life in animals.

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-140
Author(s):  
Jacky Reid ◽  
Andrea Nolan ◽  
Marian Scott
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Life Worth Living ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Assess Quality

Abstract Animal welfare research is gradually moving towards inclusion of positive welfare, with the consideration of how animals can be provided a good life or a life worth living. The concept of quality of life, which originates from human medical sciences, definitely contributes to this. In this chapter the developers of the health-related quality of life tool for dogs share their expertise.

scholarly journals The missing intangibles: nature’s contributions to human wellbeing through place attachment and social capital

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Yoshida ◽  
Hirotaka Matsuda ◽  
Kensuke Fukushi ◽  
Kazuhiko Takeuchi ◽  
Ryugo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Local Residents

AbstractCommunities in socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes are aging and depopulating. While longstanding interdependence of humans and nature in such areas holds crucial hints for sustainable development, they continue to be undervalued by existing economic frameworks. We suspect omission of non-material nature’s contributions to people (NCPs) as a possible reason for this undervaluation and focus on the intangible aspects of human–nature relationships: people’s direct and emotional attachment to their land and interrelationships between close-knit human communities and a thriving natural environment. Field observations on Sado Island, Japan, and literature reviews informed our hypothesis that perceived nature, conceptual human–nature relationships, place attachment, and social relationships contribute to subjective wellbeing. Structural equation modeling of island-wide questionnaire responses confirmed our hypothesis. Nature contributes to wellbeing by enhancing place attachment and social relationships; ecocentrism contributes to greater values of perceived nature. Free-response comments elucidated how local foods and close interpersonal relationships enhance residents’ happiness and good quality of life, as well as how aging and depopulation impact their sense of loneliness. These results lend empirical support to the understanding of human–nature interdependency in socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes. In assessing their value to local residents and society at large, greater consideration should be given to intangible aspects of human–nature relationships and quality of life.

scholarly journals The importance of nutrition in alleviating high stocking density stress in poultry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Tuğçe Gül ◽  
Alpönder Yildiz ◽  
Osman Olgun
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract In recent decades, the number of birds reared per unit area has dramatically spiked to increase profitability in egg and meat production. However, nowadays, the increase in sensitivity to animal welfare and consumer demands brings along with it a raised interest in stocking density. Stocking density is defined either as the number of animals or body weight per unit area or as the area per animal. High stocking density, which is a stress factor, can be defined as an increase in the number of animals per unit area or a decrease in the area per animal. Stress caused by high stocking density negatively affects the bird’s physiology and performance as well as the quality of the product obtained. The ideal stocking density should be 9 laying hens, 35 kilogrammes for broilers, and 45 quails per square metre. Otherwise, one will observe stress indicators in birds reared in more than the recommended stocking density per unit area and, consequently, a decrease in bird growth, egg production, feed efficiency, and egg or meat quality. Apart from increasing the concentrations of amino acids such as lysine, methionine, tryptophan and arginine, minerals such as selenium and chromium, and vitamins such as C and E in the diet, the addition of additives such as probiotics, humates, phytophenol compounds, and propolis is also effective in reducing or eliminating these negative effects caused by high stocking density. As a result, regulations in the nutrition of animals are effective in reducing/preventing such negative effects, thus improving animal welfare and ensuring the maintenance of optimum yield.

Industrial Recruitment And Economic Development: A Positional Analysis Of Competing Southeastern States

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Troy A. Festervand
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Perceptual Mapping ◽  
Positional Analysis ◽  
Industrial Real Estate ◽  
The Ideal

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-pagination: none;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In this study of industrial recruitment and economic development, perceptual mapping was used to identify the collective and individual positions of 10 competing southeastern states.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The perceived position of the "ideal" state also was captured by the study's findings.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Industrial real estate executives who were surveyed indicated that some states have positioned themselves strategically in terms of quality of life, whereas others are recognized because of their resources and markets or pro-business environment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some states appear better able to take advantage of their position, whereas others face economic development obstacles.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

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