Kīlauea starts new eruptive cycle with a lava show

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Sever
Keyword(s):  
Eruptive Cycle

Sonification and Animation of Multivariate Data to Illuminate Dynamics of Geyser Eruptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Anna Barth ◽  
Leif Karlstrom ◽  
Benjamin K. Holtzman ◽  
Arthur Paté ◽  
Avinash Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Multivariate Data ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Call And Response ◽  
Eruptive Cycle ◽  
Nonstationary Data ◽  
Auditory Systems

Abstract Sonification of time series data in natural science has gained increasing attention as an observational and educational tool. Sound is a direct representation for oscillatory data, but for most phenomena, less direct representational methods are necessary. Coupled with animated visual representations of the same data, the visual and auditory systems can work together to identify complex patterns quickly. We developed a multivariate data sonification and visualization approach to explore and convey patterns in a complex dynamic system, Lone Star Geyser in Yellowstone National Park. This geyser has erupted regularly for at least 100 years, with remarkable consistency in the interval between eruptions (three hours) but with significant variations in smaller scale patterns between each eruptive cycle. From a scientific standpoint, the ability to hear structures evolving over time in multiparameter data permits the rapid identification of relationships that might otherwise be overlooked or require significant processing to find. The human auditory system is adept at physical interpretation of call-and-response or causality in polyphonic sounds. Methods developed here for oscillatory and nonstationary data have great potential as scientific observational and educational tools, for data-driven composition with scientific and artistic intent, and towards the development of machine learning tools for pattern identification in complex data.

Mapping the Bubble Trap Feeding Eruptions of Strokkur Geyser, Iceland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva P. S. Eibl ◽  
Daniel Müller ◽  
Thomas R. Walter ◽  
Masoud Allahbakhshi ◽  
Philippe Jousset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Gas Accumulation ◽  
Crack System ◽  
Bubble Trap ◽  
Eruptive Cycle

<p>Geysers are characterized by regular eruptions of hot water fountains. Their internal system consists of a heat source at depth, an often complex crack system and a conduit linking it to the surface. The conduit and crack system is filled with water, steam and gases similar to a volcano. Bubble traps are sometimes and rarely mapped and alternative heat-driven models for geyser eruptions exist.</p><p>Using a multidisciplinary, dense and close network of video cameras, seismometers, water pressure sensors and a tiltmeter we studied pool geyser Strokkur in June 2018. These multidisciplinary observations and particle-motion based tremor locations enabled us to derive a schematic cross section describing the driving mechanisms and the fluid dynamic processes within the bubble trap, crack system and conduit. We imaged a bubble trap at 23.7+-4.4 m depth, 13 to 23 m west of the conduit. We divide the eruptive cycle into eruption, refilling of the conduit, gas accumulation in the bubble trap and a trail of bubbles from the bubble trap into the conduit where they collapse at depth and have gained novel insights in understanding the gas accumulation, migration and collapse in such hot geyser systems in different phases of the eruptive cycle.</p><p>The dataset of this experiment can be accessed here:</p><p><strong>- Eibl, E. P. S.</strong>, Müller, D., Allahbakhshi, M., Walter, T. R., Jousset, P., Hersir, G. P., Dahm, T., (2020) ' Multidisciplinary dataset at the Strokkur Geyser, Iceland, allows to study internal processes and to image a bubble trap.' GFZ Data Services. DOI: 10.5880/GFZ.2.1.2020.007</p><p>- <strong>Eibl, E. P. S.</strong>; Walter, T.; Jousset, P.; Dahm, T.; Allahbakhshi, M.; Müller, D.; Hersir, G.P. (2020): 1 year seismological experiment at Strokkur in 2017/18. GFZ Data Services. Other/Seismic Network. DOI:10.14470/2Y7562610816</p>

scholarly journals Effects of the 1966–68 Eruptions of Mount Redoubt on the Flow of Drift Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (112) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Sturm ◽  
Carl Benson ◽  
Peter MacKeith
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Condition ◽  
Summit Crater ◽  
Kinematic Wave ◽  
Cook Inlet ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Eruptive Cycle ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractMount Redoubt, a volcano located west of Cook Inlet in Alaska, erupted from 1966 to 1968. This eruptive cycle removed about 6 × 107m3of glacier ice from the upper part of Drift Glacier and decoupled it from the lower part during a sequence of jökulhlaups which originated in the Summit Crater and flooded Drift River. The same events blanketed the lower part of the glacier with sand and ash, reducing ice ablation. Normal snowfall, augmented by intense avalanching, regenerated the upper part of the glacier by 1976, 8 years after the eruptions. When the regenerated glacier connected with the rest of Drift Glacier, it triggered a kinematic wave of thickening ice accompanied by accelerating surface velocities in the lower part of the glacier. Surface velocities increased by an order of magnitude and were accompanied by thickening of 70 m or more. At the same time, parts of the upper glacier thinned 70 m. The glacier appears to be returning to its pre-eruption equilibrium condition.

scholarly journals Effects of the 1966–68 Eruptions of Mount Redoubt on the Flow of Drift Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (112) ◽  
pp. 355-362
Author(s):  
Matthew Sturm ◽  
Carl Benson ◽  
Peter MacKeith
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Condition ◽  
Summit Crater ◽  
Kinematic Wave ◽  
Cook Inlet ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Eruptive Cycle ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractMount Redoubt, a volcano located west of Cook Inlet in Alaska, erupted from 1966 to 1968. This eruptive cycle removed about 6 × 107 m3 of glacier ice from the upper part of Drift Glacier and decoupled it from the lower part during a sequence of jökulhlaups which originated in the Summit Crater and flooded Drift River. The same events blanketed the lower part of the glacier with sand and ash, reducing ice ablation. Normal snowfall, augmented by intense avalanching, regenerated the upper part of the glacier by 1976, 8 years after the eruptions. When the regenerated glacier connected with the rest of Drift Glacier, it triggered a kinematic wave of thickening ice accompanied by accelerating surface velocities in the lower part of the glacier. Surface velocities increased by an order of magnitude and were accompanied by thickening of 70 m or more. At the same time, parts of the upper glacier thinned 70 m. The glacier appears to be returning to its pre-eruption equilibrium condition.

scholarly journals Insights into magma and fluid transfer at Mount Etna by a multiparametric approach: A model of the events leading to the 2011 eruptive cycle

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 3519-3539 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Patanè ◽  
A. Aiuppa ◽  
M. Aloisi ◽  
B. Behncke ◽  
A. Cannata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mount Etna ◽  
Eruptive Cycle ◽  
Fluid Transfer

scholarly journals Eruptive Cycle and Bubble Trap of Strokkur Geyser, Iceland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva P. S. Eibl ◽  
Daniel Mueller ◽  
Thomas R. Walter ◽  
Masoud Allahbakhshi ◽  
Philippe Jousset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bubble Trap ◽  
Eruptive Cycle

Geophysical studies of the recent 15-year eruptive cycle at Poás Volcano, Costa Rica

2000 ◽  
Vol 97 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 425-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Rymer ◽  
J Cassidy ◽  
C.A Locke ◽  
M.V Barboza ◽  
J Barquero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Poas Volcano ◽  
Eruptive Cycle

Mount Etna 1993–2005: Anatomy of an evolving eruptive cycle

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Allard ◽  
Boris Behncke ◽  
Salvatore D'Amico ◽  
Marco Neri ◽  
Salvatore Gambino
Keyword(s):  
Mount Etna ◽  
Eruptive Cycle
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