scholarly journals Sedimentuntersuchungen an unterpleistozänen Schmelzwasserablagerungen und Periglazialschottern im Riß-Iller-Gebiet, deutsches Alpenvorland

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Gerth ◽  
Raimo Becker-Haumann
Keyword(s):  
Size Fraction ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
Sand Size

Abstract. The Lower Pleistocene meltwater deposits at the contact of the Rhine- and Illergalcier (Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria) and the periglacial sediments occurring below them are described. The research is focused on the analysis of the petrography of the pebble-size fraction and of the sand-size heavy mineral assemblages of the Biber-, Donau- and Günz-age deposits. The results confirm that the periglacial sediments can be distinguished clearly from the glaciofluvial material by arguments of the petrography. However, a systematic change of the lithology also within the glaciofluvial material can be inferred from the high number of the investigated samples. Within the gravel fraction the amount of crystalline rocks, radiolarite and hornstone increases towards the younger accumulation units, whereas the content of calcareous components decreases. Concerning the heavy minerals the amount of instable minerals as Garnet and Hornblende decreases, while the portion of Staurolite increases remarkably towards the younger deposits. In the paper at hand these results are interpreted with respect to the paleogeography, in order to figure out the river development of the Riß-Iller-tract.

scholarly journals Heavy mineral assemblages in tills and their use in distinguishing glacial lobes in the Great Lakes region

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2219-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. H. J. Gwyn ◽  
A. Dreimanis
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Adirondack Mountains ◽  
Magnetic Minerals ◽  
Grenville Province ◽  
Provenance Areas ◽  
Mineral Assemblages

Two main source areas of heavy minerals in tills have been defined in the Great Lakes region: a source in the Superior and Southern Provinces and another in the Grenville Province. The Superior–Southern source is typified by low heavy mineral content and high epidote percentage in contrast to the Grenville source which has a high content of heavy minerals of which garnet, tremolite, and to a lesser extent sphene and orthopyroxene are characteristic. The Huron lobe tills have a mineral suite characteristic of the Superior–Southern source. Two subsources can be distinguished in the Superior–Southern area; however, they are too limited in extent to be characteristic of major glacial lobes. Two other subsources have been identified in the Grenville provenance area: a western Grenville subsource containing abundant garnet and having a low purple–red garnet ratio; and an eastern Grenville subsource distinguished by high garnet and tremolite content and a garnet ratio generally greater than one. The western and eastern Grenville subsources are the provenance areas for the tills of the Georgian Bay lobe and the Ontario–Erie lobe respectively. A possible third Grenville subsource in the Adirondack Mountains is distinguished from other Grenville sources by a lower heavy mineral content and more abundant orthopyroxene and magnetic minerals. This assemblage may be characteristic of the southern portion of the Ontario–Erie lobe.

scholarly journals The Use of Heavy Minerals in the Investigation of Barrier-Lagoon Coasts Development in Dapeng Peninsula, China

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Jing Feng ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Holocene Transgression ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Lagoon Sediments ◽  
Inland Rivers ◽  
Heavy Mineral Analysis

Typical barrier-lagoon systems are developed at Dongchong and Xichong on the southern coast of the Dapeng Peninsula of Guangdong, China. This paper studies the evolution of the barrier coasts of the peninsula, using the examples of the Dongchong and Xichong Bays. The Holocene stratigraphic records from borehole drilling on the coast of Dongchong and Xichong show that lagoon sediments are overlaid with beach deposits, indicating that the barriers migrated landward and climbed over the lagoon sediments when the shoreface retreated during the Holocene transgression, reaching the present positions after 7–8 ka BP. Heavy mineral analysis in this paper shows that: (1) the ancient beach sediments of the two bays have the same heavy mineral assemblages, which are different from those of modern beaches; (2) the present beaches of the two bays have different heavy mineral assemblages, even they are located less than 3000 m from each other on the same coast. This supports the hypothesis that the barriers originally came from the inner shelves during the Holocene transgression, but draws a new conclusion that the source of the beach sediments changed to inland rivers over the last thousand years because of a lack of sediment source from the sea floor.

The Correlation of pre-Cambrian Granites by means of Heavy Mineral Analyses

1935 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 341-350
Author(s):  
J. T. Stark ◽  
F. F. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Sawatch Range ◽  
Heavy Mineral Analysis ◽  
Experimental Stage

The correlation of isolated outcrops of igneous rocks where two or more similar intrusions are exposed is a difficult problem which is not always solved by thin sections or field studies. Such a problem was encountered in mapping the closely related Pikes Peak and Silver Plume granites of pre-Cambrian age in the Sawatch Range of central Colorado (Fig. 1). A comparison of the heavy minerals of the isolated outcrops with those of known granites was undertaken; and for this purpose large samples, suitable for crushing and heavy mineral analysis, were collected from various points within the areas of each batholith, and from the small outcrops whose age was in question. It was hoped that sufficient similarities in the heavy mineral assemblages might be established to be of value in making correlations. Furthermore, as work on the heavy minerals in igneous rocks is still in the experimental stage, a series of analyses from various parts of a given batholith should throw some light on the question of whether heavy minerals may be distinct and constant enough to be characteristic and so give a reliable means of correlation of isolated exposures.

Statistical Methods in Sedimentary Petrology. Part I. Percentage Composition of Assemblages and their Graphical Study

1939 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Smithson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Sedimentary Petrology ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Probable Effect ◽  
Final Composition ◽  
Do So

In recent years much work has been done in determining the quantitative—or more strictly “numerical”—composition of heavy mineral residues from sedimentary rocks in the hope of obtaining evidence as to whence the detritus was derived. It is clear that the petrological characteristics of the land mass whose erosion provides the detritus must always be an important factor in predetermining the percentage composition of the residue as we now find it. Yet the sorting action of the transporting agents (which tend to separate the heavy from the less heavy minerals) and of chemical agents (which, both before and after deposition, destroy some minerals and introduce new ones) may often be suspected of having a great or even a dominating influence upon the final composition of the residue. It is proposed in this paper to investigate by simple mathematical methods the probable effect of these processes and to do so along lines which have been suggested by the study of actual heavy mineral assemblages.

scholarly journals Provenance of Paleozoic very low- to low-grade metasedimentary rocks of South Tisia (Slavonian Mountains, Radlovac Complex, Croatia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Biševac ◽  
Erwin Krenn ◽  
Fritz Finger ◽  
Borna Lužar-Oberiter ◽  
Dražen Balen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Age Dating ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Depositional History ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Monazite age dating, detrital heavy mineral content and whole-rock geochemistry provided insight into the provenance, depositional history and paleogeological setting of the Radlovac Complex very low- to low-grade metasedimentary rocks (South Tisia, Slavonian Mountains, Croatia). Electron microprobe based Th-U-Pb dating of detrital monazite indicates a Variscan age of the protolith (330 ± 10 Ma). The detrital heavy mineral assemblages of representative metasedimentary rocks are dominated by apatite, zircon, tourmaline and rutile accompanied by minor quantity of epidote/zoisite, monazite and titanite. Judging from the heavy mineral assemblage, felsic igneous rocks served as the source material. This is consistent with the major and trace element spectrum of studied metasedimentary rocks characterized by high concentration of Th, high L + MREEs and high ratios of La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co and Th/Cr. The occurrence of magmatic monazite, zircon and xenotime and the absence of metamorphic heavy minerals suggest that granitoids, migmatites and migmatitic gneisses served as one major source for the metapsammites. Such rock types are commonly exposed in the Papuk Complex of the older surrounding complexes, while the Psunj Complex also contains metamorphic rocks. This is in good correlation with the monazite ages presented here which fits better with ages of Papuk Complex representative rocks than with those of the Psunj Complex known from the literature. Overall, data show that the Radlovac Complex represents the detritus of the local Variscan crust characterized by granitoid bodies, migmatites and migmatitic gneisses typical for the Papuk Complex.

Heavy Mineral Assemblages of Soils from the Gold-fields of Western Australia

1936 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 503-511
Author(s):  
Dorothy Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gold Bearing

A NUMBER of soil samples were collected from Kalgoorlie, Southern Cross, and other areas in the gold-bearing belt of Western Australia with a view to establishing the relationship between the “ heavy ” minerals of the soils and those of the parental material.

scholarly journals Heavy–mineral assemblages from fluvial Pleniglacial deposits of the Piotrków Plateau and the Holy Cross Mountains – a comparative study

Geologos ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 131-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucyna Wachecka-Kotkowska ◽  
Małgorzata Ludwikowska-Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Fluvial Sediments ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
Mineral Associations ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
River Valleys

Abstract The heavy-mineral assemblages of Pleniglacial fluvial sediments were analysed for two river valleys, viz. the Luciąża River (at Kłudzice Nowe) and the Belnianka River (at Słopiec). These sites, on the Piotrków Plateau and in the Holy Cross Mountains respectively, are located in different morphogenetic zones of Poland that were affected to different degrees by the Middle Polish ice sheets. The study was aimed at determining the kind of processes that modified the heavy-mineral assemblages in the two fluvial sediments, at reconstructing the conditions under which these processes took place, and in how far these processes caused changes in the assemblages. The heavy-mineral associations of the parent material was taken as a starting point; this parent material were the sediments left by the Odranian glaciation (Warta stadial = Late Saalian). It was found that heavy-mineral assemblages in the Luciąża valley deposits are varied, particularly if compared with other fluvioglacial Quaternary deposits from the Polish lowlands, with a dominance of garnet. In the fluvial deposits of the Belnianka valley, zircon, staurolite and tourmaline dominate, with minor amounts of amphibole, pyroxene, biotite and garnet. This suggests that the deposits were subject to intensive and/or persistent chemical weathering and underwent several sedimentation/erosion cycles under periglacial conditions. In both valleys chemical weathering and aeolian processes were the main factors that modified the assemblages of the transparent heavy minerals; these processes were largely controlled by the climatic changes during the Pleistocene.

Heavy minerals analysis on tsunami deposits from Misawa (Japan)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Cascalho ◽  
Ana Abrantes ◽  
Pedro Costa ◽  
Piero Bellanova ◽  
Mike Frenken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Tsunami Deposit ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Tsunami Deposits ◽  
Sediment Fraction ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Storm Deposits ◽  
Heavy Mineral Analysis

<p>Heavy minerals in tsunami and storm deposits have been used to establish sediment sources and to infer the inundation and backwash phases (Morton et al., 2007). The abundance of these minerals is dependent on the hydrodynamic conditions that existed during transport and depositional stages. Overall, heavy mineral analysis allowed interpretations on sediment dynamics. Heavy mineral studies on tsunami deposits allowed the establishment of source-to-sink relationships thus, contributed to establish transport paths and inundation routes (Jagodzinski et al., 2012; Putra et al., 2013; Costa et al., 2015; Cascalho et al., 2016).</p><p>After the Tohoku-oki tsunami event, GeoSlicer were excavated and tsunami imprints were retrieved from the slices in Misawa coastal area (Japan). Heavy minerals from thirty-six samples were analyzed. Heavy minerals in the sediment fraction of 0.125-0.500 mm were separated by centrifugation in sodium polytungstate (2.90 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and recovered by partial freezing with liquid nitrogen. An average of about 220 transparent heavy-mineral grains per sample were identified and counted under a petrographic microscope. Heavy minerals not mounted on glass slides were subjected to the ferromagnetic separation using a Frantz Isodynamic Magnetic apparatus to estimate the weight of magnetite in each sample.</p><p>Heavy-mineral weight in total sediment fraction presented a mean value of 31%, ranging between 18 and 59%. The magnetite weight percentage present in the heavy-mineral fraction has a mean of 26% ranging between 14 and 43%.</p><p>Considering the mean frequency of the transparent heavy minerals it was identified the presence of orthopyroxenes (67%), followed by clinopyroxenes (30%).</p><p>These results indicate that the main original source of heavy minerals are basic volcanic rocks. The wide ranges of variation of the total heavy mineral fraction and the magnetite present in that fraction provides useful information about the flow competence of the tsunami waves. The samples that reveal higher concentration in total heavy minerals tend to be richer in magnetite. These results could be used to pinpoint water flow conditions (velocity thresholds) promoting grain sorting leading to the formation of layers enriched in heavy minerals. Confirming previous cases, heavy mineral analysis in Misawa tsunami deposit seems to provide useful insights into tsunami-derived sediment dynamic. </p><p>      </p><p>Cascalho, J., Costa, P., Dawson, S., Milne, F. and Rocha, A. 2016. Heavy mineral assemblages of the Storegga tsunami deposit. Sedimentary geology, 334, 21-33.     </p><p>Costa, P.J., Andrade, C., Cascalho, J., Dawson, A.G., Freitas, M.C., Paris, R. and Dawson, S., 2015. Onshore tsunami sediment transport mechanisms inferred from heavy mineral assemblages. The Holocene, 25(5), pp.795-809.</p><p>Jagodziński, R., Sternal, B., Szczuciński, W., Chagué-Goff, C. and Sugawara, D., 2012. Heavy minerals in the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami deposits—insights into sediment sources and hydrodynamics. Sedimentary Geology, 282, pp.57-64.</p><p>Morton, R.A., Gelfenbaum, G. and Jaffe, B.E., 2007. Physical criteria for distinguishing sandy tsunami and storm deposits using modern examples. Sedimentary Geology, 200(3-4), pp.184-207.</p><p>Putra, P.S., Nishimura, Y., Nakamura, Y. and Yulianto, E., 2013. Sources and transportation modes of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki tsunami deposits on the central east Japan coast. Sedimentary Geology, 294, pp.282-293.</p><p>The author would like to acknowledge the financial support FCT through project UIDB/50019/2020 – IDL and by FCT OnOff project PTDC/CTAGEO/28941/2017.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Possibilities and restrictions of heavy-mineral analysis for the reconstruction of sedimentary environments and source areas

Geologos ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Derkachev ◽  
N.A. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Japan Trench ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
The North ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Primary Mineral ◽  
Heavy Mineral Analysis

Abstract The possible reconstruction of ancient sedimentary environments on the basis of heavy-minerals assemblages is presented by means of discriminant lithogeodynamic diagrams that compare modern and ancient sedimentary environments. This is exemplified by Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits recovered from ODP cores obtained from the Philippine and Japan Seas, the Japan Trench and the North Atlantic, as well as by deposits from folded areas onshore. On the basis of the comparative analysis, it can be deduced that the main tendencies in mineral assemblages of modern deposits that depend on the structural-tectonic conditions, are fairly well preserved in Cenozoic deposits (including the deposits recovered by ODP drilling). On the other hand, the environmental reconstruction of folded and faulted pre-Cenozoic continental areas on the basis of their heavy-mineral assemblages, by comparing them with supposed modern analogs, is not always possible with much certainty. The main reasons may be either a considerable change in the composition of the initial (primary) mineral assemblages as a result of intralayer solution or the absence, at the time of deposition, of geodynamic environments that closely resembled modern ones.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document