scholarly journals Jungpleistozäne und altholozäne Fauna (Gastropoda und Mammalia) vom Euerwanger Bühl bei Greding (Fränkischer Jura)

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-180
Author(s):  
Wighart V. Koenigswald ◽  
Wolfgang Rähle
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Age Dating ◽  
Southern Germany ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Mammal Faunas ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Small mammals and gastropod faunas out of a collapsed cave were quantitatively and qualitatively studied. One complex belongs to the last glacial, the others to the early holocene, or precicely Preboreal and early Boreal according to C14 age dating. Early holocene small mammal faunas in southern Germany are represented by Pitymys subterraneus as well as pleistocene relict forms. The gastropod fauna contains Zebrina detrita in a typical Discus ruderatus / Nesovitrea petronella fauna.

Late Quaternary vertebrates from the Upper Gunnison Basin, Colorado, and small-mammal community resilience to climate change since the last glacial maximum

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-407
Author(s):  
Steven D. Emslie ◽  
David J. Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Small Mammal Community ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractThe Upper Gunnison Basin (UGB), Colorado, is a montane region characterized by unusual physiography and topographic isolation. Excavations of three caves in the UGB provide one of the most diverse records of high-elevation late Quaternary vertebrates in North America. The localities, Haystack Cave (2450 m above sea level [m asl]), Cement Creek Cave (2860 m asl), and Signature Cave (3055 m asl), together provide a near-continuous record of vertebrate communities that extends from before the last glacial maximum to the present. These communities largely represent a sagebrush (Artemisiaspp.) steppe-tundra environment that prevailed throughout the UGB in the late Pleistocene. At least five taxa of extinct large mammals disappear from the UGB by the Early Holocene; one small mammal (the short-faced skunkBrachyprotomacf.B.brevimala) also became extinct. The fossil record further indicates that only four small extant mammals (Sorex preblei,Dicrostonyxsp.,Lemmiscus curtatus, andUrocitellus elegans) were extirpated from the UGB by the Early Holocene, in part because of community restructuring and loss of open habitats with expansion of forests to higher elevations. An analysis of taxonomic richness and evenness at Cement Creek Cave indicates high resilience in the small mammal community despite major climate shifts over the past 40,000+ yr.

scholarly journals Constant wind regimes during the Last Glacial Maximum and early Holocene: evidence from Little Llangothlin Lagoon, New England Tablelands, eastern Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1435-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Shulmeister ◽  
Justine Kemp ◽  
Kathryn E. Fitzsimmons ◽  
Allen Gontz
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Here we present the results of a multi-proxy investigation – integrating geomorphology, ground-penetrating radar, and luminescence dating – of a high-elevation lunette and beach berm in northern New South Wales, eastern Australia. The lunette occurs on the eastern shore of Little Llangothlin Lagoon and provides evidence for a lake high stand combined with persistent westerly winds at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM – centring on 21.5 ka) and during the early Holocene (ca. 9 and 6 ka). The reconstructed atmospheric circulation is similar to the present-day conditions, and we infer no significant changes in circulation at those times, as compared to the present day. Our results suggest that the Southern Hemisphere westerlies were minimally displaced in this sector of Australasia during the latter part of the last ice age. Our observations also support evidence for a more positive water balance at the LGM and early Holocene in this part of the Australian sub-tropics.

scholarly journals Environmental variability in response to abrupt climatic change during the Last Glacial–Interglacial Transition (16–8 cal ka BP): evidence from Mainland, Orkney

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley M. Abrook ◽  
Ian P. Matthews ◽  
Alice M. Milner ◽  
Ian Candy ◽  
Adrian P. Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Career ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Principal Curve ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Career Research ◽  
The Last Glacial ◽  
Millennial Scale

The Last Glacial–Interglacial Transition (LGIT) is a period of climatic complexity where millennial-scale climatic reorganization led to changes in ecosystems. Alongside millennial-scale changes, centennial-scale climatic events have been observed within records from Greenland and continental Europe. The effects of these abrupt events on landscapes and environments are difficult to discern at present. This, in part, relates to low temporal resolutions attained by many studies and the sensitivity of palaeoenvironmental proxies to abrupt change. We present a high-resolution palynological and charcoal study of Quoyloo Meadow, Orkney and use the Principal Curve statistical method to assist in revealing biostratigraphic change. The LGIT vegetation succession on Orkney is presented as open grassland and Empetrum heath during the Windermere Interstadial and early Holocene, and open grassland with Artemisia during the Loch Lomond Stadial. However, a further three phases of ecological change, characterized by expansions of open ground flora, are dated to 14.05–13.63, 10.94–10.8 and 10.2 cal ka BP. The timing of these changes is constrained by cryptotephra of known age. The paper concludes by comparing Quoyloo Meadow with Crudale Meadow, Orkney, and suggests that both Windermere Interstadial records are incomplete and that fire is an important landscape control during the early Holocene.Supplementary material: All raw data associated with this publication: raw pollen counts, charcoal data, Principal Curve and Rate of Change outputs and the age-model output are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4725269Thematic collection: This article is part of the ‘Early Career Research’ available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/SJG-early-career-research

scholarly journals Ice-sheet models as tools for palaeoclimatic analysis: the example of the European ice sheet through the last glacial cycle

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Boulton ◽  
N. Hulton ◽  
M. Vautravers
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Glacial Cycle ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Sheet Surface ◽  
The Last Glacial

A numerical model is used to simulate ice-sheet behaviour in Europe through the last glacial cycle. It is used in two modes: a forward mode, in which the model is driven by a proxy palaeoclimate record and the output compared with a geological reconstruction of ice-sheet fluctuation; and an inverse mode, in which we determine the climate function that would be required to simulate geologically reconstructed ice-sheet fluctuations. From these simulations it is concluded that extra-glacial climates may be poor predictors of ice-sheet surface climates, and that climatic transitions during the glacial period may have been much more rapid and the intensity of warming during the early Holocene much greater than hitherto supposed. Stronger climate forcing is required to drive ice-sheet expansion when sliding occurs at the bed compared with a non-sliding bed. Sliding ice sheets grow more slowly and decay more rapidly than non-sliding ice sheets with the same climate forcing.

Patterns and scale of habitat use in two temperate-zone, small mammal faunas

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1540-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Habitat Preference ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Extinction Probabilities ◽  
Mammal Faunas

Small mammals were livetrapped and habitat quantified in replicates of six macrohabitats in Alberta and in temporal replicates of four macrohabitats in Ontario, Canada. Similar patterns emerged in both locations. The relative abundances of small mammals depended upon macrohabitat; within macrohabitats, species differed significantly in microhabitat use. The patterns were dynamic and probably the result of habitat preference instead of species interactions. Macrohabitat differences may in part be outcomes of microhabitat selection, but are unlikely to be completely understood without superimposing colonization and extinction probabilities on habitat selection models. Field biologists must recognize both scales of habitat to interpret patterns of species distribution.

scholarly journals The last glacial-interglacial cycle in Lake Ohrid (Macedonia/Albania): testing diatom response to climate

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 4689-4714 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Reed ◽  
A. Cvetkoska ◽  
Z. Levkov ◽  
H. Vogel ◽  
B. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Lake Ohrid ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Lake Ohrid is a site of global importance for palaeoclimate research. This study presents results of diatom analysis of a ca. 136 ka sequence, Co1202, from the northeast of the lake basin. It offers the opportunity to test diatom response across two glacial-interglacial transitions and within the Last Glacial, while setting up taxonomic protocols for future research. The results are outstanding in demonstrating the sensitivity of diatoms to climate change, providing proxy evidence for temperature change marked by glacial-interglacial shifts between the dominant planktonic taxa, Cyclotella fottii and C. ocellata, and exact correlation with geochemical proxies to mark the start of the Last Interglacial at ca. 130 ka. Importantly, diatoms show much stronger evidence in this site for warming during MIS3 than recorded in other productivity-related proxies, peaking at ca. 39 ka, prior to the extreme conditions of the Last Glacial maximum. In the light of the observed patterns, and from the results of analysis of early Holocene sediments from a second core, Lz1120, the lack of a response to Late Glacial and early Holocene warming from ca. 15–7.4 ka suggests the Co1202 sequence may be compromised during this phase. After ca. 7.4 ka, there is evidence for enhanced nutrient enrichment compared to the Last Interglacial, following by a post-Medieval cooling trend. Taxonomically, morphological variability in C. fottii shows no clear trends linked to climate, but an intriguing change in central area morphology occurs after ca. 48.7 ka, coincident with a tephra layer. In contrast, C. ocellata shows morphological variation in the number of ocelli between interglacials, suggesting climatically-forced variation or evolutionary selection pressure. The application of a simple dissolution index does not track preservation quality very effectively, underlining the importance of diatom concentration data in future studies.

scholarly journals Ice-sheet models as tools for palaeoclimatic analysis: the example of the European ice sheet through the last glacial cycle

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
G. S. Boulton ◽  
N. Hulton ◽  
M. Vautravers
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Glacial Cycle ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Sheet Surface ◽  
The Last Glacial

A numerical model is used to simulate ice-sheet behaviour in Europe through the last glacial cycle. It is used in two modes: a forward mode, in which the model is driven by a proxy palaeoclimate record and the output compared with a geological reconstruction of ice-sheet fluctuation; and an inverse mode, in which we determine the climate function that would be required to simulate geologically reconstructed ice-sheet fluctuations.From these simulations it is concluded that extra-glacial climates may be poor predictors of ice-sheet surface climates, and that climatic transitions during the glacial period may have been much more rapid and the intensity of warming during the early Holocene much greater than hitherto supposed. Stronger climate forcing is required to drive ice-sheet expansion when sliding occurs at the bed compared with a non-sliding bed. Sliding ice sheets grow more slowly and decay more rapidly than non-sliding ice sheets with the same climate forcing.

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