scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL PROVIDING OF GOVERNMENT CONTROL OF DEVELOPMENT OF SECTOR OF DIGITAL ECONOMY: NECESSITY AND DIRECTIONS OF PERFECTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Tkachenko ◽  
Tetiana Shtets
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Infrastructural Support ◽  
Economic Bloc

The article identifies and characterizes the components of the architecture of institutional support for the development of the digital economy sector in Ukraine. The structure of institutional support consists of the elements we have identified: the institutional and legal basis, the institutional and organizational platform, the institutional and infrastructural support, and the institutional and economic block, the institutional and psychological environment. To form an institutional and psychological environment, it is necessary to form a single digital environment of trust, to promote the development of infrastructure for the protection and safeguarding of intellectual property, to promote the benefits and opportunities of digitalization of the economy. In order to work effectively in the environment of the institutional and economic bloc, the implementation of public-private partnership programs, development of infrastructure to support high-tech start-ups and support of investment infrastructure for specialization is relevant. The essence of institutional and infrastructural support is the creation of digital platforms for business, state and public, the formation of unified digital cloud platforms, the development of the institutional environment of research and development in the digital economy and the construction of information infrastructure. The development of the institutional and organizational platform is the formation of institutional support for planning the state policy of development of the digital sector, creating institutions to coordinate the activities of stakeholders in the digital economy and introducing the institution of monitoring the development of the digital economy and public policy. The formation and implementation of state policy on the development of the digital economy sector is argued. For a more systematic approach to the growth of state regulation of the dynamics of the digital economy sector, a conceptual hierarchy of institutional support for certain strategic and program documents at different levels of economic management has been developed.

Geoinformatics in infrastructural support of the digital economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
A.V. Koshkarev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Space Project ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Infrastructural Support

Geoinformatics as one of the information technologies that ensures the circulation of spatial data has long been ready for the further migration of its products and services to the digital environment. A detailed analysis of the Action Plan for the Information Infrastructure Program of the Digital Economy of the Russian Federation Program in the part related to section 04.03.016 “To create domestic digital platforms for the capturing, processing and dissemination of spatial data and remote sensing satellite data that meet the needs of citizens, business and government”, the de facto spatial data infrastructure (SDI), is given. The Plan of Activities also provides for the creation of the Common (Unified) Electronic Base Map (ersatz of fundamental spatial datasets), the federal spatial data portal (geoportal in international terminology), and the implementation of the “Digital Earth” from space project. The scientific GIS community, including the academic, will not remain aloof from the solution of the set tasks, in turn expecting from full-scale implementation of SDI of the Russian Federation better digital spatial data and simplification of access to them.

scholarly journals Digital Economy as an Environment for Developing Innovation Activity of Small Businesses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
V. S. Bilozubenko ◽  
◽  
R. O. Gorodnytskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Smart Things

Modern economic systems are being transformed under the influence of new technological trends. A number of important technology trends are related to information technologies (IT). Their widespread use leads to the emergence of a new type of economy, the digital economy (DE), which determines the scope and new directions of innovation and business. This opens up great opportunities for small innovative businesses, which can play a major role in its formation. The article is aimed at clarifying the essence and segmentation of DE and presenting it as an environment for developing innovative activity at small businesses. The essence of IT, software, and information systems is specified. The concept of IT is explained, and the essence of digitalization and digital transformations is specified. The essential features of DE are identified, and its components (IT, infrastructure, and business) and the basis (social networks, big data devices, etc.) are specified. DE is based on a technological "core" (IT, various technical platforms, physical technologies); has a functional "core" (digital platforms, systems of workgroup computing, process automation); encompasses economic activity; includes a number of goods and services that are critically dependent on IT. It is substantiated that IT creates a special virtual environment and new forms of markets. It is suggested to segment DE, for example:: e-commerce; e-marketing; e-procurement; electronic auctions; electronic infrastructures; e-logistics; electronic medicine; e-education; electronic trading; electronic banking; electronic insurance. The emergence of FinTech, "smart farms", "smart factories", "smart warehouses", "smart things", "smart home", "smart jobs", etc. is also noted. The obtained segmentation determines the directions of structural development of DE. It is substantiated that IT creates opportunities for innovative activity of small businesses and should be considered as corresponding environment. The understanding of the development of innovation activity and its areas in DE are clarified. In this context, the lines of the state regulation of DE are defined.

scholarly journals Public Procedures for the State and Municipal Property Regulation

Lex Russica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-27
Author(s):  
A. B. Agapov
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Public Property ◽  
Operational Management ◽  
The Right ◽  
State Enterprises

The paper investigates the features of government control over public property based on hierarchical subordination of the participants of the property regulation.The paper deals with the property prerogatives of federal ministries, federal services and federal agencies based on the powers of the owner of items of federal immovable and movable property transferred to the competence of federal unitary and state enterprises under the authority of economic management and operational management. The author justifies the public dominance of the powers to use and dispose of property assigned to the control of federal unitary and state enterprises.Regulation based on the right of operational management is the main property power of the Federal Ministry as opposed to the right of economic management that always operates as its additional public property power, usually mediated by the function of normative regulation. The power of property regulation assigned to the competence of federal ministries does not affect exclusively the management of public immovable and movable property under the authority of the federal and regional executive bodies, but also the competence of administrative bodies of local government to administer municipal property. Unlike the property powers of federal ministries usually mediated by their exclusive regulatory functions, federal services in the areas of law enforcement are endowed with significant mandatory powers providing for the extrajudicial seizure of immovable property from the rightful owner (Federal Security Service, Rosgvardia, Federal Customs Service) who is an offender or a person suspected of committing an offense. In cases under consideration, exercising authority entails termination of the right of ownership in full or the establishment of extrajudicial legal restrictions in relation to the use and disposal of items of non-public immovable property.Municipal property regulation is conditioned solely in the context of whether it meats the needs of local government and, unlike state property regulation, does not pursue the purpose of ensuring national interests in the areas of economy, industry, administrative-political activity. The author has investigated the features of municipal unitary and state enterprises regulation on the basis of property powers transferred to them by an executive administrative municipal body. The paper has paid considerable attention to the delegation of state property powers to local governments, as well as ensuring financial self-sufficiency of municipalities.Municipal property regulation, based on the powers of economic management and operational management, is predetermined solely by hierarchical subordination of public entities property relations and is determined by the requirements of administrative legislation.Property regulation in federal cities endowed with the powers of the constituent entity of the Federation is based on the dominance of the state regulation and limitation of the powers of municipal bodies in terms of ownership, use and disposal of urban immovable property, movable property, financial assets.

DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY IN UZBEKISTAN - AT THE LEVEL OF STATE POLICY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Mavluda Yaxhisyeva ◽  
◽  
Ravshan Yusupov ◽  
Rasul Xamidov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Effective Use

This article highlights the digital economy and its features, its main systems, the effective use of digital technologies in economic development, and analyzes relevant aspects of training in this area

RESEARCH ON INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: TRENDS AND PROBLEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-73
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Ivanovich Bogdanenko
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
Innovation Processes

In the monograph the theoretical identification of concepts and categorical series of state regulation of investment-innovation processes are investigated; the directions of optimization of the state policy of innovation and investment development management in Ukraine are determined; the organizational and legal principles of the state regulation of development of intellectual potential of the population are substantiated; the areas of development and improvement of the national innovation system as an object of state policy are highlighted and assessed. The monograph will be interesting for scholars, lecturers, doctoral and graduate students, and will also be useful to practical politicians, journalists and media workers and a wide range of readers interested in investment and innovation activities.

Socio-economic environment of city in digital economy development: conceptual grounds of transformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Ivan Zalutskyy
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Digital Development ◽  
State Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Transition Issues

The article deals with scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concept «digital economy». It defines digital economy, meaning economy based upon digital technology and provides inclusive socio-economic development and prosperity. The article identifies the specifics, contradictions and transition issues of state policy in the sphere of informatization towards intensive development of digital economy. Under the study the realization of the Concept for the Development of Digital Economy and Society of Ukraine for 2018-2020 and the plan of measures for its implementation are determined to be in a state of stagnation. The issue of the Development of Digital Economy and Society of Ukraine is not properly transformed into corresponding obligatory functions, tasks and powers of central executive authorities and local self-government bodies yet. It is provided rationale for modern city as a priority object and self-sufficient subject of development of digital economy and society in Ukraine. The cities of Ukraine ought to be observed like local centers of potential dynamic shifts in socio-economic environment of the region and deployment of economic prosperity based on digital development. The perspectives of the concept «smart-city» in the context of modern policy of digital development are performed. The author claims that the determinant of the effective digital development policy in the administrative-territorial units of Ukraine is the adequacy of the system legislative regulation of the institutional and legal mechanisms for its implementation in accordance with the norms of the Information and Digital Codes of Ukraine, the State Strategy for Regional Development for the period until 2020. The consensual basis for synchronous development of the Information and Digital Codes of Ukraine are defined by the government approved principles for implementing the modern state policy of digital development in Ukraine, in particular openness; transparency; multiple usage; technological neutrality and portability of data; citizens-orientated; inclusiveness and accessibility; safety and confidentiality; multilingualism; support decision-making; administrative simplification; information storage; evaluation of efficiency and effectiveness. The article suggests the following: indicating the development of the digital economy and society in Ukraine among the priorities of the State Strategy for Regional Development for the period up to 2020; ensuring the priority of accelerated transformation of the socio-economic environment of cities under the approval of strategic plans, programs and actions within the state regional policy.

Organizational-economic mechanism of regional development of high-tech engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
M. S. Abrashkin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Design ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Engineering Information ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

The article contains a study on the prospective tendencies and problems of the development of science-intensive enterprises of rocket and space engineering. Information base of statistical interpretation of results, using methods of logical analysis, synthesis of information and graphical interpretation of results. It was revealed that the primary tasks in the development of science-intensive enterprises of the rocket and space machine-building are the instability of financial results, the state monopoly on organizational design and ensuring the increase in the quality of products. It was proved that the development of rocket and space machine-building enterprises requires improvement of the levers and methods of state regulation of the industry and attraction of private investors. It is also necessary to concentrate all functions and levers of management of the space industry, especially in terms of financial flows, product quality, control of production activities.

O Direito do Trabalho (des)conectado nas plataformas digitais

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-266
Author(s):  
Murilo Carvalho Sampaio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Labor Law ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conditions Of Work

RESUMO:Este artigo trata dos impactos das plataformas digitais no Direito do Trabalho, tomando como exemplo sintomático o padrão da plataforma Uber. Inicia discutindo o cenário da economia digital e suas transformações nos modos de organizar a atividade empresarial, caracterizando a disrupção destas tecnologias e examinando criticamente se tais inovações situam-se realmente no discurso de economia do compartilhamento. Adiante, aborda as condições fáticas das plataformas de trabalho, questionando a dimensão formal-jurídica de liberdade e a condição econômica de hipossuficiência. Examina o caso da Uber como paradigma do modelo de organização empresarial desta economia digital e a situação dos seus motoristas tidos como parceiros para, ao final, pontuar algumas conclusões a cerca da necessidade do Direito Trabalho estar conectado com essas novas relações sociaisABSTRACT:This article deals with the impact of digital platforms in Labor Law, taking as a symptomatic example the standards of the Uber platform. It begins by discussing the the digital economy scenario and its transformations in the way business activity organize itself, characterizing the disruption of these technologies and critically examining whether such innovations are really part of the sharing economy speech. Hereinafter, it addresses the factual conditions of work platforms, questioning the formal-legal dimension of freedom and the economic condition of hypo-sufficiency. It examines the case of Uber as a paradigm of a business model organization in the digital economy and the situation of its drivers, taken as partners in order to, in the end of it, point some conclusions about the need of Labor Law to be connected with these new social relationships.

Collective Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Great Leap ◽  
Agricultural Efficiency ◽  
The Great Leap Forward

Socialization was a hallmark of China’s economic strategy from the early 1950s onward, and the collective organization of agriculture was a defining characteristic of China’s rural economy under Mao Zedong. The strong organizational emphasis of farm policy reflected a belief that institutional change was the main determinant of agricultural growth. By 1953, land reform had fundamentally changed the balance of political power, as well as the profile of land ownership, land use, and farm management, in the countryside. However, it had not advanced the cause of socialization. It was, in fact, always the government’s intent that land reform would be merely the first step in a series of institutional changes eventually leading to a fully socialist collective agriculture, to be completed by 1967. The process would take place gradually and in stages, with farmers initially engaging in what were called “lower-level (semisocialist) agricultural-producer cooperatives” until the demonstrated benefits of cooperation encouraged them to voluntarily join fully socialist (“higher-level”) collectives. The underlying economic rationale was that collectivization would bring agriculture more firmly within the remit of planning and strengthen government control over grain, while the larger scale of farming and the mobilizational capacity of the collectives would enhance agricultural efficiency and generate sustained output growth. But thanks to the overwhelming response to Mao’s call for accelerated collectivization (31 July 1955), the original timetable was abandoned, and coercion was increasingly used to force peasants—including those with minimal or nonexistent experience of lower-level cooperatives—into fully socialist collectives. A mere two years later, under a more indigenous strategy of development (the “Great Leap Forward”), another massive institutional upheaval took place, as peasants were incorporated into a new and huge organizational unit (the rural people’s commune), whose remit extended to political as well as economic management. Following the human and economic catastrophe precipitated by the Great Leap, there was a temporary institutional retreat. But the imperative of collective farming soon reemerged and remained intact until decollectivization in the early 1980s. These events have generated a rich literature, much of it written before the post-1978 explosion of data and other materials from China. That so many of these early studies still merit careful reading is testament to the remarkable dedication of authors (e.g., Kenneth Walker, Nicholas Lardy, Chao Kuo-chün) who spent years locating and then immersing themselves in Chinese-language books, journals, and newspapers to an extent that seems inconceivable in the 2020s. Economic issues define the major themes of the literature (e.g., the rationale of institutional change, its impact on yields and output growth, the role of state procurement policies, the implications for urban and rural food consumption). But it has also embraced political-economy dimensions of China’s rural institutional framework, a notable example being Jean Oi’s pathbreaking 1989 study.

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