scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL FUNDAMENTALS OF STATE FOOD SECURITY MANAGEMENT IN CONDITIONS OF INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SPHERE

Author(s):  
Оleksii Zoria ◽  
Olena Ovcharuk ◽  
Diana Mauer

The article develops theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation of the concept of food security management of the state in terms of investment and innovation development of the agricultural sector. It is determined that the essence of food security is the economic state of the country, in which, regardless of market conditions, the population can be guaranteed and stably provided with food resources, have free access to them in sufficient quantities, range and at reasonable prices, with this corresponds to the normatively justified parameters and medical standards. It is established that the concept of economic security of the state involves the effective functioning of all its constituent subsystems, which must ensure efficient and rational use of all relevant resources to eliminate possible external and internal threats, ensure the stability of the national economy and direct protection of state interests. Stimulating the development of agricultural production and reducing the negative impact of its systemic indicators will ensure the stability of food security and food independence by increasing the sustainability of agricultural production and food quality and income, expanding exports and imports, increasing food stocks, improving greening, improving the legal framework, realization of production potential of agriculture. The paper notes that food security is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic development of the country. It is provided primarily by the level of agricultural production, saturation of the market with its own agricultural products, which promotes its independence and meets the main groups of indicators defined in world practice (level of availability and consumption of food, availability and sufficiency of food, quality and safety of food). The development of agricultural sectors depends on the intensification of investment strategies, state support in financing and investing, promoting the competitiveness of agricultural producers in the domestic market and protecting their interests in foreign economic activity, the introduction of credit mechanisms as an option to update the material base, improve the mechanism pricing, completion of land reform and direct control over the quality of production and use of natural resources.

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 08004
Author(s):  
M.G. Manucharyan

One of the most important components of national security is food security. The country's food security is mainly ensured through the development of agriculture, food production and food import systems. The main problems of the development of the agri-food system of the republic were the increase of the level of provision of the population with food, the increase of the level of economic protection of the country, which, first of all, requires an increase of agricultural production to provide the population with locally produced food products, raw materials to the processing industry as much as possible, as well as to increase export volumes. The main goal of the research is to develop and outline the ways of further development of the RA food self-sufficiency based on the development of agricultural production. Based on the analysis of the current situation in the agricultural market, to propose a set of economic development measures, which will contribute to the increase of the food security level, the development of the agri-food system, the reduction of the poverty level of the rural communities. The research substantiated the preconditions for further growth of agricultural production, as a result of comprehensive studies and analyzes, the main directions of improving food production and increasing efficiency were outlined, which conditioned the scientific novelty.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Nataliia Zachosova ◽  
Nataliia Babina

In the conditions of the financial system destabilization in Ukraine, caused by such negative phenomenaas military actions in the East, the economic downturn, political and financial crises, population disappointment inthe institution of power and loss of the people’s confidence in power structures and so on, market mechanisms arenot able to ensure the restoration of the national financial market and to encourage its professional participantsto use mechanisms of protection their own assets and the assets of their clients from external and internal threatsactively. State interference in the functioning of financial institutions is necessary, especially for those of their types,whose bankruptcy may have fatal consequences for the welfare of the population and cause the liquidation ofeconomic entities of the domestic economy. Among them are: banks, insurance companies, credit unions, andother institutions of credit co-operation, investment companies, in particular, joint investment institutions (unit andcorporate investment funds), non-state pension funds, leasing, factoring, and other financial companies, pawns,etc. Therefore, it is expedient to consider the possibility of the influence of state regulators in financial servicesmarkets on the state of their participants’ economic security. However, the study of the realities of the financialmarket of Ukraine development has made it possible to assert that for a number of financial institutions, the conceptof economic security is something abstract, and the understanding by their top management the importanceof economic security management, taking into account the negative market trends, is completely absent.So, the purpose of this study is to diagnose the level of financial institutions preparedness for the implementationof economic security management into their common system of management. The high level of financial marketparticipants’ readiness for safe-oriented management will allow regulators to rapidly implement in their practicea list of recommendations that will minimize the threat of bankruptcy and liquidation of domestic financialinstitutions. Methodology. In the process of preparing a scientific article, a great number of literary sources wasconsidered. Some of them were developed using the method of theoretical generalization and the monographicmethod. The theoretical results presented in the research materials were obtained on the basis of the study ofworks of such scientists as Amadae S. M., Baily M. N., Elliott D. J., Ismail Z., Johnson K. N., Mirtchev A., Nelson J. A.,Raczkowski K., Schneider F., Sidek Z. M., Ula M., Whalen C. J., Wierzbicka E., Yong J. To confirm the reliability of thescientific results presented in the article, the authors used the Delphi method and expert evaluation. The list ofindicators for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness for the implementation of a mechanism formanaging economic security in the following five areas is formed. These areas are: the availability and conditionof the economic security system, the state of information and analytical support for the adoption of managementdecisions in the field of economic security, the state of intellectual and personnel management provision ofeconomic security, reserves of financial support of economic security, the level of external influence on the stateof economic security (state regulation and supervision). In May 2018, representatives of the top management ofvarious types of financial institutions, scientists, researchers, and analysts who were interested in the issues ofeconomic security management of the financial sector were interviewed. Their answers were analysed and the levelof readiness for managing the economic security of the most common types of financial institutions in the financialmarket of Ukraine was determined. Using the graphical method, the obtained scientific results are presented ina convenient and understandable form for the perception of all interested persons. Results of the survey. The necessityof carrying out diagnostics of the readiness to manage economic security at the level of state regulatory bodies andat the level of top management of financial institutions in the near future is substantiated. A large-scale analytical work was carried out on determining the parameters of financial institutions readiness for the continuous and professional economic security management, which should be carried out with the use of a systematic approach. Based on expert opinions, a preliminary assessment of the various types of financial intermediaries’ readiness to integrate security-oriented management into the financial institutions’ common management system was made. Practical implications. The proposed methodological approach for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness to manage their own economic security should be used by the state regulators of the financial market, in particular, by the National Bank of Ukraine and the National Commission, which performs state regulation in the field of financial services markets, to monitor the activities of professional financial market participants in order to conduct advisory and consultative work with their owners and managers, as well as for the development of strategic guidelines for the provision of the state financial security. It is desirable to implement into the practical activities of financial intermediaries our proposals for increasing the readiness for implementation of the economic security management mechanism in the existing systems of management. Value/originality. For the first time, a scoring methodology was prepared for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness for the implementation of economic security management as an independent direction of management, and not as one of the tasks of other types of their management activity. At the theoretical level, the substantive interpretation of the notion of the readiness of financial institutions to manage their own economic security is proposed. The reasons for the impossibility of the modern financial institutions to manage their own economic security effectively are identified, and a few suggestions to minimize their number in the near future were made.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Karina Utenkova ◽  

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problems of agricultural development as a basis for ensuring food security in Ukraine. Food security is one of the important components of economic security, which creates a basis for further progress and development of the state. Achieving food security is one of the Global Goals for Sustainable Development by 2030, set by the UN to member countries at the Summit on Sustainable Development. The purpose of the article is to reveal the problems and prospects for the development of the agricultural sector in the context of ensuring food security in Ukraine. Results. It has been determined that the contribution of agricultural production to the GDP in Ukraine is quite significant. According to the results of 2018, 89% of agricultural enterprises have received a profit. The consumption of main types of food products by the population of Ukraine is less than the scientifically substantiated norms, namely: the actual consumption of meat is 64% of the norm; milk and dairy products – 52%; eggs – 94.8%; fish – 59%; fruits, berries and grapes – 53%. At the same time, there is a steady increase in the share of agricultural products in the structure of exports (in 2019 – 44.2%). According to the Global Food Security Index, Ukraine does not have the best positions and yields not only to all European countries, but also to those countries to which it exports food. Conclusions. Ukraine occupies the 76th out of 112 positions in the 2019 Global Food Security Index. Problems that pose potential threats to food security are acute, particularly, the lack of balance in the diet of Ukrainians. Due to the products of animal origin, the caloric value of the diet is provided only by 28% at the optimal level of 55%. The share of the population’s expenditures on food products is unacceptably high: more than half of the total aggregate expenditures, which is higher than the similar indicators of the EU countries by 3-5 times. The increase in agricultural production should take place in compliance with environmental norms and international food quality standards.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-394
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Hmyria ◽  
Volodymyr Kucherenko

The purpose of this article is to study theoretical approaches to definition of economic essence and directions of economic security formation of agricultural enterprises at the region. Analysis of the theoretical aspects of the research object showed that currently there are different approaches to the economic security interpretation. It is considered as a process of meeting public needs, protection of the state national interests, the economic stability, the state of the national economy, in which the country provides its own sovereignty, a state of protection against a certain type of threats. Certain realities of a market economy require fundamentally new approaches to the formation and increase of efficiency of agrarian enterprises functioning, and thus ensure their economic security. In the context of the latest scientific dimensions, it has been found out that the economic security of agricultural enterprises is a complex of sophisticated branched processes, methods, tools, levers of influence on activity for the purpose of increasing the economic activity efficiency of entities. In this regard, there are many different opinions regarding the components of enterprises economic security. It is proved that the economic security of enterprises is characterized by certain features in the regional context of their formation and application to agricultural production. The proposed model Forsythe technology modernization of a regional mechanism of economic security at agricultural enterprises will allow to determine more efficiently the volume of investments, tax burden on the industry and crediting enterprises, depreciation deductions etc., which will effectively affect the activity of the enterprise, and hence ensure its basic – economic security. Keywords: economic security, agricultural enterprises, natural conditions, fixed assets, information security, financial security.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Аlla Rudych ◽  

One of the main problems of today is to ensure food security of the country and its regions. The level of food security has fluctuations and changes over time, so this situation emphasizes the increasing relevance and stability. Investigating its level in the region, it is advisable to study the features of its dependence on internal factors: the current state of food supply in the region in sufficient quantity, quality and range, the real ability of the population to consume a rational norm of food of proper quality. An important component of the characteristics of food security in the region, in accordance with regulations, are scientifically sound safety indicators. The formation of food security of the country and regions is a holistic complex, which is associated with the macroeconomic development of the state. Food security strategy - functional, involves the development of economic characteristics of the control system and their main criteria, which allow for rapid assessment of regional food security and effective decisions on changes in the parameters of the developed strategy. Based on the dynamics of characteristics, extrapolation (forecast levels) are developed for trends and patterns of development and the parameters of the strategy that affect the change of development trends and fluctuations are adjusted. To comprehensively assess the state of food security in Poltava region, the main indicators were studied: providing the diet with the main types of products, economic affordability of food, the capacity of the domestic market of certain foods and food independence of certain foods. The implementation of these measures should be the basis for the formation of a differentiated system of sustainable food supply of the regions. The criterion of completeness of food supply of the region is the degree of its self-sufficiency, and the criterion of sustainability of food supply is the stability of demand and demand for the main types of products due to local production, import and use of reserve funds. The main conditions for the proper functioning of the food market and providing the population with high quality food are targeted and rational use of available and potential natural, industrial, demographic, social, scientific, technical and investment resources that contribute to the full functioning and development of food security through local production. in accordance with scientifically sound standards.


AGROFOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Khue Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dien Nguyen ◽  
Philippe Lebailly

Since 1990s the bloom of industrialization and urbanization brings the changes ofsocial and economic issue of Vietnam rural areas. During this process, ruralhouseholds have reduced agricultural land for cultivating. From the status of foodproducers now they become food consumers. Through surveying 215 householdsin Bac Ninh province, the study shows that that industrialization and landconversion process affected household food security in several aspects: the lost ofagricultural land and surplus agricultural production decrease; unguaranteed decentwork for peasants and high living cost; the decline of living quality and foodsafety. Food consumption of the family has shifted from self-reliance to the waythat more depend on market which increases food expense propotion on householdbudget. However, spending more on food does not mean satisfied since thesuspiciousness of food quality. Household food security becomes more vulnerable,especially for households that have limited access to land and incapability offinding stable jobs. One of the strategies of rural households is diversify theirlivelihoods, accepted multi-spacial household model. And when income from nonfarmjobs could relatively supply enough their need of cash, they would ratherconsume high quality food than grow and sell high yielding variable. Ruralhouseholds move back to the local traditional agricultural activities to ensure theirown food quality.


Author(s):  
Oksana Svatiuk ◽  

The article analyzes the principles of development and security management of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine. Substantiates the influence of factors on the functioning of the foreign exchange market such as: improvement of the regulatory framework; monetary policy on the stabilization of the floating exchange rate regime; lending to the National Bank of Ukraine within the current 18-month stand-by program from the International Monetary Fund; replenishment of the market currency through the purchase and sale of government bonds; the influence of international and domestic factors on the liberalization of the foreign exchange market in Ukraine; receipt of a share of currency more than 10% of the population working abroad; restoring the confidence of individuals and entrepreneurs in the national currency. The structure and analysis of the process and dynamics of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine are characterized. The author evaluates the security management of currency regulation of the floating exchange rate regime, which directly affects the state of the foreign exchange market (Fig. 1). The state of exchange rate regulation and its impact on the foreign exchange market on the basis of personal observation during 2015-2021 are studied. The main advantage of this article is the clarification of the elements of the mechanism of currency regulation, which is due to the negative impact of a wide range of external and internal factors on the tools (Fig. 2). This mechanism is a powerful lever of state management of economic security and regulation of foreign exchange market liberalization in the context of a significant deterioration of the crisis situation in Ukraine in recent years. The main areas of security management of the mechanism of functioning of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine are the following. The first is optimization of the procedure of foreign exchange interventions of the NBU – schedule, parameters of interventions. This will increase the transparency and predictability of NBU operations in the foreign exchange market. NBU managers should abandon discriminatory approach to ensure all banks have equal access to interventions. The second is increasing of the digitization and disclosure of communication policies with actors. Its deterioration is due to negative comments addressed to banks regarding speculative actions on exchange rate formation, non-compliance with the requirements of the NBU in lending, security management and customer distrust. The third is strengthening of the reserve requirements for bank security management in order to reduce the excessive liquidity of the banking system.


2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01105
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Melnikova ◽  
Elena A. Posnaya ◽  
Boris A. Bukach ◽  
Anna V. Shokhnekh ◽  
Sergey V. Tarasenko

The key determinants of the strategic economic security of the agro-industrial complex in the conditions of a stabilizing political course on food security ensure the state of the facility in which it is possible to carry out conceptual and functional actions built on goals and principles. The composition and structure of the agro-industrial complex of the state is multicomponent and systemic, it contains many internal connecting blocks and interdependent structures. The uneven development of some agricultural systems occures in the lag of technologies and assortment content. Disruptions in supply and marketing, as well as emergency circumstances cause crop failure, cattle death, which significantly affects the systemic component of economic security. A decrease in food security leads to a decrease in the country’s food security due to the decline in the development of an entire industry.


1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR McWilliam

This review examines the impact of drought and salinity on agricultural production in both the semi- arid and humid regions of the world. The frequency and nature of drought events and some recent approaches to drought prediction are discussed along with the distribution of salinity and the various factors leading to its occurrence under both irrigated and dryland conditions. Strategies to minimize the impact of drought and salinity on the rural community and on the stability of land resources have been developed largely in high-income countries. However, because of the high cost, little has been done in the developing world where extensive areas of valuable land are deteriorating, representing a serious threat to food security.


2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
Bakhodir Sultanov ◽  
Lochinbek Amirov ◽  
Mavluda Askarova ◽  
Barna Rakhmankulova ◽  
Maftuna Tosheva

When studying the topic, the author analyzes the implementation of reforms and their impact on the development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Special attention is paid to the pandemic crisis that has affected all spheres of the economy and the life of the population. The importance of the actions taken by the state in relation to the improvement of the agricultural sector, not only through the production of agricultural raw materials, but also in other ways, is revealed. One of these ways is the production of products that can compete on the world market, the production of semi-finished products, and others. Methods of analysis, synthesis, grouping, observation, and deduction were used in the study of the material. Using these methods, the authors were able to come to a better conclusion, and make suitable conclusions and suggestions. In conclusion, the ways to improve the efficiency of agricultural production, through the introduction of resource-saving technologies, innovative technologies, and especially the removal of state attention to the agricultural sector, are revealed. The article also focuses on the state of agriculture during and after the pandemic, and compares it with other countries of the world. The authors made proposals that are most suitable for the development of agriculture, ensuring food security and independence of the population.


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