scholarly journals The effectiveness of Imrovac® in industrial pork production

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
V. V. Samoilіuk ◽  
D. D. Bilyi ◽  
M. S. Koziy ◽  
S. M. Maslikov ◽  
Т. L. Spitsina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
High Death Rate ◽  
High Death ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
High Level ◽  
Immunological Castration

The clinical efficacy of the use of immunobiological castration was studied in comparison with boars in which orchidectomy was performed by open method «on a ligature», as well as in non-castrated animals. It was found that the disadvantage of surgical castration is the risk of bleeding, the development of purulent inflammatory process (edges of the surgical wound, scrotal tissues, stump, common vaginal membrane), as well as intra- and postoperative hernias, which are accompanied by prolapse of the omentum, intestines, and bladder. The low incidence of these complications is offset by the high death rate caused by them. A relatively high level of cryptorchidism was established on the farm, among which bilateral was 27.6%. As a result of the use of immunological castration, in comparison with surgical castration, and with non-castrated boars, the average daily gains were increased, the fattening period was reduced and feed costs were reduced against the background of feed conversion increase by 14 – 27%. The use of Improvac® (Pfizer Ltd) led to better assimilation of feed, an increase in the amount of meat on the carcass, in particular, lean meat by 12 – 16%, lumbar depth, the protein content in meat and a decrease of the fat percentage and fat thickness, eliminating specific odor, and reduction in the fattening period, as well as costs for feeding. In particular, compared to non-castrated boars, the weight of chilled half carcasses increased by 1.2 times (P < 0.05). Immunological castration led to atrophy of the testicles: their weight, length and width were smaller compared to non-castrated boars, which again confirms a decrease in the level of boars’ sex hormones. It is important to use Improvac® in breeding boars that have exhausted their potential, eliminating the need to keep them for about three months to reduce their meat and lard smell. Reducing the period of disappearance of the odor of products obtained from boars led to a reduction in the cost of feeding, maintenance, and veterinary care. Production indicators justify the economic feasibility of using immunological castration with Improvac® in order to obtain additional income, given the absence of probable complications associated with the conventional surgical procedure.

scholarly journals Studies in the Epidemiology of Infectious Myxomatosis of Rabbits

1955 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Marshall ◽  
A. L. Dyce ◽  
W. E. Poole ◽  
Frank Fenner
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Rabbit Population ◽  
High Death Rate ◽  
High Death ◽  
Low Incidence

SummaryField observations supplemented by laboratory tests were carried out on the occurrence of myxomatosis at two sites with contrasting environments near the northern limit of rabbit infestation in Australia, during the period May 1952 to April 1953.In spite of the very low incidence of cases of myxomatosis observed in wild rabbits during that period great reductions in the rabbit population occurred.Analysis of the results of serum surveys indicates that myxomatosis was present and caused minor unobserved epizootics during this period, The overlap in this area of rabbit breeding and active transmission of myxomatosis probably led to a high death rate in the sub-adult rabbit population.In spite of continued reintroduction of fully virulent standard virus into the areas, all strains of virus recovered were somewhat attenuated. There was a suggestion that at Texas the degree of attenuation increased during the study period.Sex ratios and data on reproduction are presented for the 1488 rabbits shot at the two areas. Recovery from myxomatosis appeared to have no adverse effect on the fecundity of the female rabbit.

scholarly journals Community Responses toward COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-476
Author(s):  
Abd. Gani Baeda ◽  
Muhdar Muhdar ◽  
Grace Tedy Tulak ◽  
Rosani Naim ◽  
Rosmiati Rosmiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Death Rate ◽  
High Death ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
High Level ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

COVID-19 has become a frightening pandemic and has spread throughout theworld with an unprecedentedly high death rate. Community compliance withgovernment appeals must be accompanied by knowledge, attitudes, and practicesin dealing with this epidemic. This study aims to investigate the Knowledge,Attitude, and Practice of Kolaka residents against the COVID-19 outbreak. Thisresearch is descriptive-analytic with a Cross-Sectional approach. The sample usedin this study were 1,010 respondents aged 17 to 65 years, having gmail and y-mail accounts, mastering the internet became the criteria for respondentinclusion in this study. The questionnaire used was the adoption of previousstudies and modified according to conditions. Data were analyzed bivariate usingthe Chi-Square test with standard p-value&lt;0.05. The results obtained showed thatthe Kolaka community had good knowledge (49.6%), a confident attitude ofcontrolling the plague (70.4%), and had a high level of vigilance (79.6%) towardsCOVID-19. There is a relationship between knowledge with practice p-value=0.000, while attitude has no relationship with practice with p-value=0.862.The massive dissemination of information through existing media has greatlyhelped the community increase their knowledge of COVID-19, which will furthersupport the formation of a confident attitude to control this disease and increasevigilance in their daily life practices during this pandemic.

scholarly journals The health of nine Royal Naval Arctic crews, 1848 to 1854: implications for the lost Franklin Expedition

Polar Record ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Millar ◽  
Adrian W. Bowman ◽  
William Battersby ◽  
Richard R. Welbury
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Medical Factors ◽  
High Death Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Death ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTMedical factors including tuberculosis, scurvy, lead poisoning and botulism have been proposed to explain the high death rate prior to desertion of the ships on Sir John Franklin's expedition of 1845–1848 but their role remains unclear because the surgeons’Sick bookswhich recorded illness on board have eluded discovery. In their absence, this study examines theSick booksof Royal Naval search squadrons sent in search of Franklin, and which encountered similar conditions to his ships, to consider whether their morbidity and mortality might reflect that of the missing expedition. TheSick booksof HMSAssistance, Enterprise, Intrepid, Investigator, PioneerandResoluteyielded 1,480 cases that were coded for statistical analysis. On the basis of the squadrons’ patterns of illness it was concluded that Franklin's crews would have suffered common respiratory and gastro-intestinal disorders, injuries and exposure and that deaths might have occurred from respiratory, cardiovascular and tubercular conditions. Scurvy occurred commonly and it was shown that the method of preparing ‘antiscorbutic’ lemon juice for the search squadrons and Franklin's ships would have reduced its capacity to prevent the disease but there were no grounds to conclude that scurvy was significant at the time of deserting the ships. There was no clear evidence of lead poisoning despite the relatively high level of lead exposure that was inevitable on ships at that time. There was no significant difference between the deaths of non-officer ranks on Franklin's ships and several of the search ships. The greater number of deaths of Franklin's officers was proposed to be more probably a result of non-medical factors such as accidents and injuries sustained while hunting and during exploration.

Castration experiments with Yugoslav Simmental cattle. I. The effect of castration on growth and live-weight gains

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Čobić
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
High Level

1. Bulls and steers of the Yugoslav Simmental breed (38 in total) were reared and fattened to 470 kg live weight. Half received a moderate level of feeding to 8 months of age and half a high level of feeding over this period; all were fed on a high level from 8 months to slaughter, their diet involving a concentrate mixture, lucerne hay and maize silage.2. At slaughter weight, steers were 2·5% higher at withers than bulls, but other body measurements showed no significant difference.3. Castrates needed a 3 to 8% longer fattening period depending on the feeding treatment.4. Castration reduced the rate of live-weight gain by 4·9% over the whole rearing and fattening period, and by 8·0% over the fattening period only.5. Bulls had better feed conversion ratios overall. Steers consumed more starch units per kg of live-weight gain—8·1% more over the whole rearing and fattening period and 9·8% over the fattening period. Consumption of digestible crude protein was also higher in steers.6. The detrimental effect of castration was more strongly expressed on the HH feeding treatment. An increase in the concentration of the rations did not improve food conversion ratios.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Protein and Tsaa Levels on Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Composition and Some Blood Components of Egyptian Geese During the Rearing Period

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Elwy A. Ashour ◽  
Diaa E. Abou-Kassem ◽  
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack ◽  
Mahmoud Alagawany
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Meat Composition ◽  
High Level

The present study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary levels of protein, total sulfur amino acids (TSAA), methionine and cystine (M + C) and their interaction on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood components and meat quality of Egyptian geese. A total number of 144 geese at twelve weeks of age were randomly divided into 9 groups (16 birds/each group), each group of birds was sub-divided into 4 replicates, each of 4 birds. There was a significant increase in the bodyweight of geese due to protein and M + C levels (p < 0.01). The studied levels of M + C affected significantly on weight gain of growing geese at the early period of 12–18 wk of age. Feed intake was increased with high dietary levels of CP % or M + C (p < 0.05). There was a significant (p < 0.01) increase in percentages of carcass, liver, dressing, breast and wing with high dietary protein level as compared to a moderate or low level. A high level of dietary protein led to increase in concentrations of total protein and albumin, while total lipids, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were decreased with increasing level of protein (p < 0.01). Fat percentage of breast muscle was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased with increasing M + C levels. Protein % of breast muscle was increased with increasing protein levels. Finally, it can be concluded that the consumption of diets with high levels of protein or M + C can improve the bodyweight, feed conversion ratio, carcass and meat composition of Egyptian geese during the rearing period (12–24 wk of age).

Global warming influences dynamics of plague’s epidemic manifestations in XX-XXI centuries

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
E.S. Zenkevich ◽  
N.V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
High Level

During the second half of 20th century, a high level of plague incidence in the world was in 1960–1979 and 1990–2009. The significant decrease of infection cases was in 1950–1959, 1980–1989, 2010–2015. It is noticed, that the observed cyclical nature of the alternation of high and low incidence plague’s periods, in many respects related to modern trend of climate fluctuations.

Feline blood donation adverse reactions: classification and description of acute and delayed reactions in a donor population

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110202
Author(s):  
Tiago AM Abreu ◽  
Andreia ST Oliveira ◽  
Rui RF Ferreira ◽  
Sandrina MV Correia ◽  
Mafalda SSQ Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Veterinary Practitioner ◽  
Donor Programme ◽  
Donor Population ◽  
Delayed Reactions ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
High Level

Objectives This article aims to analyse the safety of feline blood donation by describing the frequency and nature of any adverse reactions and their causes, as well as propose measures to decrease the incidence of adverse reactions. Methods In this prospective study, any blood donor adverse reactions detected by the clinical staff during and immediately after donation were recorded. The owners of the cats were also surveyed by a veterinary practitioner or veterinary nurse 5 days after donation, using a predefined questionnaire to assess for any clinical or behavioural changes. Data were collected between January 2019 and March 2020 from blood donors enrolled in an animal blood bank programme. Results Of 3690 blood donations from 1792 feline donors assessed, post-donation reactions were reported in 1.14% (n = 42): 0.22% (n = 8) were acute reactions, which included weakness, pallor, tachypnoea and open-mouth breathing; and 0.92% (n = 34) were delayed post-donation reactions, with 0.16% involving cutaneous (haematomas and skin rashes, n = 6), 0.68% involving behavioural (n = 25) and 0.08% involving digestive (emesis and inappetence, n = 3) signs. Conclusions and relevance The low incidence of post-donation reactions in this study is encouraging, suggesting that a well-established protocol and competent staff can help to ensure a high level of safety in a feline donor programme and, in turn, increase the confidence of cat owners.

PERFORMANCE OF DWARF BROILER BREEDERS IN LAYING CAGES AND FLOOR PENS AND OF NORMAL BREEDERS IN FLOOR PENS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. STRAIN ◽  
A. P. PILOSKI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Feed Costs

Dwarf broiler breeders in single-bird cages (DC), in floor pens (DF) and normal broiler breeders in floor pens (NF) were compared for their own and their offspring’s performance. No differences were observed in rate of egg production at 147–329 days of age between the NF and DF birds (48 vs. 47%) whereas the DC birds laid at the rate of 40%. Hen-housed egg numbers for the same period followed the same general pattern (NF, 81; DF, 82; DC, 70 eggs/bird). DF and DC birds consumed less feed per dozen eggs than the NF birds (3.4 vs. 4.3 kg/doz). Egg weights in the early part of the production cycle were not significantly different among the groups but at 294 days of age the normal birds laid larger eggs than the dwarfs (65 vs. 62 g). Dwarfs in cages reached 50% production earlier than the DF or NF birds. Female offspring from the three groups grew at the same rate and weighed 1.7 kg at 56 days of age but there were significant differences in feed conversion (NF, 2.46; DF, 2.43; DC, 2.53 kg/kg body weight produced). Male offspring had small but not statistically significant differences in body weight at 56 days (NF, 2.16; DF, 2.12; DC, 2.09 kg) or feed conversion (NF, 2.30; DF, 2.29; DC, 2.34 kg/kg body weight). Mortality in the offspring ranged from 2.7 to 9.2% but did not differ significantly. Income over feed costs per broiler started did not differ from the three groups regardless of the meat price – feed price combination considered. However, when profit was computed on a breeder hen basis, the DF females were more profitable than either the NF or DC females.

Impact of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic, organic acids or their combination on growth performance, carcass traits, economic efficiency, jejunum histomorphometry and some blood indices of broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman S. Salah ◽  
Mahmoud S. El-Tarabany ◽  
Mohamed A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Blood Constituents

The objective was to explore the possible impacts of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic, organic acids or their combination on the growing efficiency, carcass traits and some blood constituents in broilers. In total, 160 1-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into four equal groups (40 birds with 8 replicates). The control group received the basal diet with no supplements, while diets of the treated groups were supplemented with organic acids (OA; 1 g/kg), a synbiotic (S; 1 g/kg) and an equal mix of OA and the synbiotic (OS; 2 g/kg). The dietary supplementation with OA decreased the feed intake (P = 0.011) and bodyweight gain (P = 0.011) when compared with other experimental groups. However, the dietary supplementation with the synbiotic plus OA resulted in a considerable improvement in the overall feed conversion rate when compared with the control and OA-supplemented groups (P = 0.001). Groups fed the diets supplemented with the synbiotic or the synbiotic plus OA showed significantly higher net profits and the profit to cost ratio than did the CON and OA-supplemented groups (P = 0.010 and 0.005 respectively). Birds in the S and OS groups had a significantly higher jejunum villus height (P = 0.001), and carcass (P = 0.012) and breast meat (P = 0.001) yields than did those in the control and OA groups. However, the synbiotic-supplemented group produced significantly lower abdominal fat percentage (P = 0.021). The dietary supplementation with the synbiotic or the synbiotic plus OA decreased the lymphocyte counts (P = 0.003) and the serum reduced glutathione concentration (P = 0.001), but significantly decreased the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.001), and the serum cholesterol (P = 0.014) and oxidised glutathione (P = 0.002) concentrations compared with the control and OA-supplemented groups. The present findings showed that dietary supplementation with a synbiotic or a synbiotic plus OA can improve the growth performance, carcass traits, serum antioxidant activity and blood-related indices in broilers.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs Which Can Prognosticate Aggressiveness of Bladder Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Marta Borkowska ◽  
Tomasz Konecki ◽  
Michał Pietrusiński ◽  
Maciej Borowiec ◽  
Zbigniew Jabłonowski
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
High Death Rate ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
High Death ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Bladder cancer (BC) is still characterized by a very high death rate in patients with this disease. One of the reasons for this is the lack of adequate markers which could help determine the biological potential of the tumor to develop into its invasive stage. It has been found that some microRNAs (miRNAs) correlate with disease progression. The purpose of this study was to identify which miRNAs can accurately predict the presence of BC and can differentiate low grade (LG) tumors from high grade (HG) tumors. The study included 55 patients with diagnosed bladder cancer and 30 persons belonging to the control group. The expression of seven selected miRNAs was estimated with the real-time PCR technique according to miR-103-5p (for the normalization of the results). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the feasibility of using selected markers as biomarkers for detecting BC and discriminating non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) from muscle invasive BC (MIBC). For HG tumors, the relevant classifiers are miR-205-5p and miR-20a-5p, whereas miR-205-5p and miR-182-5p are for LG (AUC = 0.964 and AUC = 0.992, respectively). NMIBC patients with LG disease are characterized by significantly higher miR-130b-3p expression values compared to patients in HG tumors.

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