scholarly journals Eucalypt plantations reduce the diversity of macroinvertebrates in small forested streams

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cordero–Rivera ◽  
◽  
A. Martínez Álvarez ◽  
M. Álvarez ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalypt Plantations

Changing the face of short fiber –a review of the eucalyptus revolution

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER W. HART ◽  
RICARDO B. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Paper Manufacturing ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations

Eucalyptus plantations have been used as a source of short fiber for papermaking for more than 40 years. The development in genetic improvement and clonal programs has produced improved density plantations that have resulted in fast growing, increased fiber volume eucalypts becoming the most widely used source of short fibers in the world. High productivity and short rotation times, along with the uniformity and improved wood quality of clonal plantations have attracted private industry investment in eucalypt plantations. Currently, only a handful of species or hybrids are used in plantation efforts. Many more species are being evaluated to either enhance fiber properties or expand the range of eucalypt plantations. Eucalyptus plantations are frequently planted on nonforested land and may be used, in part, as a means of conserving native forests while allowing the production of high quality fiber for economic uses. Finally, eucalypt plantations can provide significant carbon sinks, which may be used to help offset the carbon released from burning fossil fuels. The development and expansion of eucalypt plantations represents a substantial revolution in pulp and paper manufacturing.

Variability in soil physical–chemical properties along the root-explored profile in deep Oxisols of commercial eucalypt plantations

2021 ◽  
Vol 494 ◽  
pp. 119334
Author(s):  
Vinicius Evangelista Silva ◽  
Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira ◽  
Cassio Hamilton Abreu-Junior ◽  
Arun Dilipkumar Jani ◽  
Salatier Buzetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations

scholarly journals Bark traits, decomposition and flammability of Australian forest trees

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Grootemaat ◽  
Ian J. Wright ◽  
Peter M. van Bodegom ◽  
Johannes H. C. Cornelissen ◽  
Veronica Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Forest Tree ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Physical Traits ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Tissues

Bark shedding is a remarkable feature of Australian trees, yet relatively little is known about interspecific differences in bark decomposability and flammability, or what chemical or physical traits drive variation in these properties. We measured the decomposition rate and flammability (ignitibility, sustainability and combustibility) of bark from 10 common forest tree species, and quantified correlations with potentially important traits. We compared our findings to those for leaf litter, asking whether the same traits drive flammability and decomposition in different tissues, and whether process rates are correlated across tissue types. Considerable variation in bark decomposability and flammability was found both within and across species. Bark decomposed more slowly than leaves, but in both tissues lignin concentration was a key driver. Bark took longer to ignite than leaves, and had longer mass-specific flame durations. Variation in flammability parameters was driven by different traits in the different tissues. Decomposability and flammability were each unrelated, when comparing between the different tissue types. For example, species with fast-decomposing leaves did not necessarily have fast-decomposing bark. For the first time, we show how patterns of variation in decomposability and flammability of bark diverge across multiple species. By taking species-specific bark traits into consideration there is potential to make better estimates of wildfire risks and carbon loss dynamics. This can lead to better informed management decisions for Australian forests, and eucalypt plantations, worldwide.

Perspectives for the management of eucalypt plantations under biotic and abiotic stresses

2013 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Laclau ◽  
José Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves ◽  
José Luiz Stape
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations

scholarly journals Expression of thenifHgene in diazotrophic bacteria inEucalyptus urograndisplantations

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marliane de Cássia Soares da Silva ◽  
Igor Rodrigues Mendes ◽  
Thiago de Almeida Paula ◽  
Roberto Sousa Dias ◽  
Sérgio Oliveira de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Nifh Gene ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

A large proportion of eucalypt plantations in Brazil are located in areas with low soil fertility. The actions of microorganisms are of great importance for the cycling of nutrients, including nitrogen (N), that are essential for plant metabolism. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to monitor and identify the total and active microorganisms involved in the N cycle in both the soil and root systems of a forest of Eucalyptus urograndis with sections that were fertilized with N or unfertilized. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of the nifH gene in N-fixing bacteria present in both the soil and root systems. According to the DGGE analysis, in the total and active populations of N-fixing bacteria, the presence and expression of the nifH gene were influenced by the winter and summer seasons and (or) N fertilization, respectively. DGGE band sequencing from total DNA samples showed that the most abundant group of diazotrophic bacteria belonged to Alphaproteobacteria in both the soil and root systems. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that nifH expression was higher in the soil samples, especially in those that did not receive N fertilization. The differences in the composition of the total and active diazotrophic populations highlight the importance of evaluating the active populations, because they are effectively responsible for the biogeochemical transformation of N and also control its’ availability to plants.

scholarly journals Resistance of Eucalyptus pellita to rust (Puccinia psidii)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisângela Rodrigues Santos ◽  
Lúcio Mauro da Silva Guimarães ◽  
Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende ◽  
Leonardo Novaes Rosse ◽  
Karina Carnielli Zamprogno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Puccinia Psidii ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Eucalypts rust (Puccinia psidii) is currently one of the major diseases in commercial eucalypt plantations in Brazil. The primary method of disease control is the use of resistant genotypes, and, among the different species of Eucalyptus, E. pellita is indicated as a promising source of resistance. In this work, the genetic control of rust resistance in E. pellita through inoculations under controlled conditions of 441 plants from four full-sibling families was studied. Inoculations were performed using the monopostular isolate UFV-2, race 1. All families tested segregated for rust resistance, and the number of resistant plants was higher than susceptible in all crosses. Inheritance models based on few genes did not fully explain the observed segregation patterns, and the narrow-sense heritability of rust resistance was estimated between 32.7% and 37.3%. The results suggested that rust resistance in E. pellita is complex and is controlled by major- and minor-effect genes.

Effect of bench terracing on ground dwelling arthropods 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana B Simões ◽  
Martinho A S Martins ◽  
João R L Puga ◽  
Jan J Keizer ◽  
Nelson Abrantes
Keyword(s):  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Spider Community ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
To Receive

<p>Eucalypt trees are the most planted tree in the world, and in Portugal these plantations occupy 26% of the forested area. The area of Eucalypt monoculture is growing since the 50’s due to the importance of this tree for the pulp and paste industry. With short rotation cycles, it is important to facilitate the cut and transport of the logged trees. In this sense, many forested areas in mountainous regions are being terraced with bulldozers.</p><p>Terracing is a well know soil conservation practice, reducing runoff peak flows, increasing water infiltration and subsequent low soil erosion rates. Nevertheless, the impacts of terracing for eucalypt plantations are still unknown, especially in terms of biodiversity of soil fauna. Hence, to address this research gap, the present study aimed to assess the impacts of terracing on the ground dwelling arthropods in eucalypt plantations.</p><p>This study took place in a mountain slope with old eucalypt trees that were logged (May 2019) and then terraced (July) as ground preparation to receive a new eucalypt plantation. The community of ground dwelling arthropods were accessed using pitfall traps.  The arthropods were collected before the terracing process, in Spring 2019, and then seasonally after terracing until the Spring of 2020Total abundance and richness at order level, as well as, abundance, richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou’s Evenness indexes, at Family level of Coleoptera, Araneae and Hymenoptera, were used to depict differences between pre- and post-terracing. The results showed that although terracing did not reduce the total abundance or richness, it changed the community structure. In particular, it was observed an increase in opportunist and generalist families after terracing such as Staphylinidae and Myrmicinae. The spider community also changed, with more hunter families captured after the terrace construction. In overall, the results of our study reveal that although the total abundance and richness of arthropods was not altered by the construction of terraces, their structure was modified.</p>

Eucalypt plantations in Tasmania

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Tibbits
Keyword(s):  
Eucalypt Plantations
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