Temperamento, cefalea e psicopatologia in etŕ evolutiva

2012 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Elisa Salvi ◽  
Vincenzo Guideti ◽  
Andrea Lo Noce

Lo scopo di questo studio e stato quello di indagare il rapporto tra cefalea, temperamento, e comportamento in un campione di bambini reclutati presso gli ambulatori di Neuropsichiatria di Roma. Si tratta di 150 bambini, 90 maschi e 60 femmine, di eta compresa tra i 6-11 anni, durante il 2011-2012. I problemi di comportamento sono stati valutati attraverso la Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) e le dimensioni temperamento attraverso il "Questionario Italiano del Temperamento" (QUIT). QUIT e CBCL sono state somministrate ai genitori dei bambini. La diagnosi e stata effettuata in base ai criteri della Classificazione Internazionale della Cefalea (ICHD II). Emicrania e cefalea tensiva hanno mostrato punteggi simili per quanto riguarda le scale principali della CBCL, con differenze significative nella scale dei problemi internalizzanti, dove hanno riportato punteggi peggiori i bambini con cefalea tensiva, e in quella dei problemi esternalizzanti punteggi peggiori per i soggetti emicranici. La cefalea e uno dei sintomi neurologici piu comuni riportati durante l'infanzia, che porta ad alti livelli di assenze scolastiche e si associa a diverse patologie. In generale, emicrania e cefalea tensiva sono associate a depressione, disturbi d'ansia, e ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). I risultati, confermati dalla letteratura, sembrano sostenere l'ipotesi che ci sia una relazione tra cefalea e comportamenti psicopatologici. Lo sviluppo di una psicopatologia in soggetti con determinati profili temperamentali non e una regola. Dobbiamo porre attenzione nel lavoro quotidiano ad identificare i soggetti a rischio, sia per temperamento o fattori ambientali. L'identificazione precoce di questi fattori di rischio potrebbe dare la possibilita di interventi precoci che potrebbero tenere i bambini lontani dalla patologia.

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P Kelly ◽  
Paul McArdle

AbstractObjective: The report considers the utility of the Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist in the differential diagnosis of the disruptive behaviour disorders.Method: Subscale scores on the parent completed Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist were compared for three of 15 boys, the first diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, the second diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder and a third non-clinical control.Result: The attention subscale of the Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist was found to have a high level of sensitivity to children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but relatively poor specificity. The delinquent subscale was found to have limited sensitivity for oppositional defiant/conduct disorder group, but high levels of specificity. The aggressive subscale were found to have relatively high sensitivity for the oppositional defiant/conduct disorder group and relatively high specificity.Conclusion: The Achenbach Child Behaviour Checklist is useful in distinguishing between children with disruptive behaviour disorders and a non-clinical sample. The aggressive subscale appears to have potential clinical utility in the differential diagnosis of the disruptive behaviour disorders.


2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats H Mossin ◽  
Jens B Aaby ◽  
Christine Dalgård ◽  
Sine Lykkedegn ◽  
Henrik T Christesen ◽  
...  

Objective: To examine the association between cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D2+3 (25(OH)D) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in toddlers, using Child Behaviour Checklist for ages 1.5–5. Method: In a population-based birth cohort, a Child Behaviour Checklist for ages 1.5–5 questionnaire was returned from parents of 1233 infants with mean age 2.7 (standard deviation 0.6) years. Adjusted associations between cord 25(OH)D and Child Behaviour Checklist–based attention deficit hyperactivity disorder problems were analysed by multiple regression. Results The median cord 25(OH)D was 44.1 (range: 1.5–127.1) nmol/L. Mean attention deficit hyperactivity disorder problem score was 2.7 (standard deviation 2.1). In adjusted analyses, cord 25(OH)D levels >25 nmol/L and >30 nmol/L were associated with lower attention deficit hyperactivity disorder scores compared to levels ⩽25 nmol/L ( p = 0.035) and ⩽30 nmol/L ( p = 0.043), respectively. The adjusted odds of scoring above the 90th percentile on the Child Behaviour Checklist–based attention deficit hyperactivity disorder problem scale decreased by 11% per 10 nmol/L increase in cord 25(OH)D. Conclusion: An inverse association between cord 25(OH)D and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in toddlers was found, suggesting a protective effect of prenatal vitamin D.


2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona E. Hoath ◽  
Matthew R. Sanders

AbstractThe aim of this randomised controlled trial was to examine the efficacy of an Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-specific, Enhanced (Level 5) Group Triple P intervention. Twenty families with a child with clinically diagnosed ADHD aged between 5 and 9 years participated. Families were randomly assigned to either an enhanced intervention group (Enhanced Group Triple P; EGTP) or a wait list (WL) condition. Using parent reports of child behaviour, parenting practices and family functioning in addition to teacher reports of child behaviour in the school environment, parents in the EGTP condition reported significant reductions in intensity of disruptive child behaviour problems, aversive parenting practices and increases in parental self-efficacy when compared to the WL condition. Parents' reports at 3-month follow-up indicated the gains in child behaviour and parenting practices achieved at post-intervention were maintained.


2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Marie Angello ◽  
Robert J. Volpe ◽  
James C. DiPerna ◽  
Sammi P. Gureasko-Moore ◽  
David P. Gureasko-Moore ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Huang ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
Chiao-Ling Hung ◽  
Chia-Hao Shih ◽  
Tsung-Min Hung

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by a deviant pattern of brain oscillations during resting state, particularly elevated theta power and increased theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios that are related to cognitive functioning. Physical fitness has been found beneficial to cognitive performance in a wide age population. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness and resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations in children with ADHD. EEG was recorded during eyes-open resting for 28 children (23 boys and 5 girls, 8.66 ± 1.10 years) with ADHD, and a battery of physical fitness assessments including flexibility, muscular endurance, power, and agility tests were administered. The results indicated that ADHD children with higher power fitness exhibited a smaller theta/alpha ratio than those with lower power fitness. These findings suggest that power fitness may be associated with improved attentional self-control in children with ADHD.


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