Solid state anaerobic digestion as a possible solution for managing existing mechanical biological treatment plants in a more efficient way: a real case analysis

2012 ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Maria
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Treatment Facilities

The exploitation of Mechanical Biological Treatment is quite diffused for treating fractions of Non-Differentiated Waste. A large part of the Italian Mechanical Biological Treatment facilities operate mainly by reducing and stabilizing the Non-Differentiated Waste mass before landfilling. This way of managing Mechanical Biological Treatment can be improved by the adopting a new treatment section, based on the Solid State Anaerobic Digestion process. In this way, the Waste Organic Fraction arising from the mechanical sorting of the Non-Differentiated Waste can be treated before the aerobic stabilization section of the existing Mechanical Biological Treatment. In Italy more than 40% of the working Mechanical Biological Treatment facilities have features suitable for being upgraded with a new Solid State Anaerobic Digestion section. In these plants the amount of the rapidly biodegradable fraction is about 1,100,000 tonnes per year, leading to the production of about 300 GWh of renewable energy. The results concerning a real case study show that, with the adoption of a new Solid State Anaerobic Digestion section, about 150 kWh of electric energy would be able to be produced per each tonne of Waste Organic Fraction. Furthermore, there would be a significant reduction in the Organic Load Rate [kgVS/m3*day] for the existing aerobic section of the plant, leading to additional savings of 160-320 kWh per day, depending on the amount of Waste Organic Fraction diverted from the Solid State Anaerobic Digestion. Results from the economic analysis show that the Solid State Anaerobic Digestion treatment cost ranges from about 6 up to 23 € per each tonne of Non-Differentiated Waste entering the existing Mechanical Biological Treatment plant.

scholarly journals Modeling of Electric Energy Consumption during Dairy Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Żyłka ◽  
Wojciech Dąbrowski ◽  
Paweł Malinowski ◽  
Beata Karolinczak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption

The intensification of biological wastewater treatment requires the high usage of electric energy, mainly for aeration processes. Publications on energy consumption have been mostly related to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The aim of the research was to elaborate on models for the estimation of energy consumption during dairy WWTP operation. These models can be used for the optimization of electric energy consumption. The research was conducted in a dairy WWTP, operating with dissolved air flotation (DAF) and an activated sludge system. Energy consumption was measured with the help of three-phase network parameter transducers and a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. The obtained models provided accurate predictions of DAF, biological treatment, and the overall WWTP energy consumption using chemical oxygen demand (COD), sewage flow, and air temperature. Using the energy consumption of the biological treatment as an independent variable, as well as air temperature, it is possible to estimate the variability of the total electric energy consumption. During the summer period, an increase in the organic load (expressed as COD) discharged into the biological treatment causes higher electric energy consumption in the whole dairy WWTP. Hence, it is recommended to increase the efficiency of the removal of organic pollutants in the DAF process. An application for the estimation of energy consumption was created.

scholarly journals Thermochemical Pretreatments of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste from a Mechanical-Biological Treatment Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3769-3782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alvarez-Gallego ◽  
Luis Fdez-Güelfo ◽  
María de los Angeles Romero Aguilar ◽  
Luis Romero García
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Fraction

Stages of launching a biological treatment plant at the wastewater treatment facilities with dosing easily oxidable organic matter

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
В.А. Кондрашев ◽  
С.Г. Метелица
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Numerous Experimental Data ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Equipment Configuration

Рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с проведением пусконаладочных работ биоблока станции очистки хозяйственно-бытовых и близких к ним по составу сточных вод при пробном пуске в эксплуатацию очистных сооружений. Подробно рассмотрены этапы пусконаладочных работ биоблока очистных сооружений с «затравкой» активным илом из действующих биологических очистных сооружений и с дозировкой легкоокисляемой органики. Описан состав оборудования станции КОС-9 производства «Гермес Групп». Рассмотрены все этапы пусконаладочных работ биоблока на примере запуска очистных сооружений КОС-9 с привлечением многочисленных опытных данных. Определены периоды этапов пусконаладки биоблока. Приведены проблемы наладки биоблока и пути их решения с достижением требуемого результата. Технология, используемая на станции, обеспечивает очистку сточных вод, соответствующую требованиям, предъявляемым к выпуску очищенных стоков в водоем рыбохозяйственного значения. Issues related to commissioning a biological treatment plant at the facilities for household and similar in composition wastewater treatment during the trial start of the treatment facilities are considered. The stages of commissioning a biological treatment plant at the wastewater treatment facilities with «inoculating» activated sludge from the operating biological treatment facilities and with dosing easily oxidable organic matter are considered in detail. The equipment configuration of the WWTP-9 produced by Germes Group is described. All stages of the biological treatment plant commissioning are considered through the example of the start-up of WWTP-9 with the use of numerous experimental data. The periods of biological treatment plant commissioning stages have been determined. The problems of adjusting the biological treatment plant and the ways of their elimination to achieve the required result are presented. The technology used at the WWT facilities provides for the effluent quality that meets the requirements for the discharge into a water body of commercial fishing importance.

scholarly journals Struvite Precipitation for Sustainable Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Anaerobic Digestion Effluents of Swine Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Duck Ryu ◽  
Do Young Lim ◽  
Sun-Jung Kim ◽  
Un-Il Baek ◽  
Eu Gene Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Struvite Precipitation ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Sustainable Recovery

In this study, we propose the application of struvite precipitation for the sustainable recovery of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from anaerobic digestion (AD) effluents derived from swine manure. The optimal conditions for four major factors that affect the recovery of N and P were derived by conducting batch experiments on AD effluents obtained from four AD facilities. The optimal conditions were a pH of 10.0, NH4-N:Mg:PO4-P molar ratio of 1:1.4:1, mixing intensity of 240 s−1, and mixing duration of 2 min. Under these optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies of NH4-N and PO4-P were approximately 74% and 83%, respectively, whereas those of Cu and Zn were approximately 74% and 79%, respectively. Herein, a model for swine manure treatment that incorporates AD, struvite precipitation, and biological treatment processes is proposed. We applied this model to 85 public biological treatment facilities in South Korea and recovered 4722 and 51 tons/yr of NH4-N and PO4-P, respectively. The economic analysis of the proposed model’s performance predicts a lack of profitability due to the high cost of chemicals; however, this analysis does not consider the resulting protection of the hydrological environment. Field-scale studies should be conducted in future to prove the effectiveness of the model.

Will anaerobic digestion of solid waste survive in the future?

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. De Baere
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
The Future ◽  
Viable Treatment

Anaerobic digestion has captured a significant share of the European market for the biological treatment of the organic fraction in municipal solid waste. Almost 4 million ton per year in digestion capacity has been installed through the construction of more than 120 full-scale plants. Not all plants have been equally successful, due to poor planning, design or bad operation. This, besides higher than expected investment and operating costs, may have slowed down the growth of anaerobic digestion of solid waste. However, an evaluation of the development of anaerobic digestion over the last 15 years shows that there is now a greater diversity in application, a wider range in types of systems and suppliers, and a continued increasing rate of implementation throughout most parts of Europe. New alternative treatment techniques have not seen the same level of success as anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion has been established as a viable treatment technology for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste and will most likely play an even more important role in the future.

scholarly journals Upgrade of a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant by an upflow anaerobic pond

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Noyola ◽  
H. Macarie ◽  
F. Varela ◽  
S. Landrieu ◽  
R. Marcelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Two Stages

A petrochemical plant producing terephthalic acid faced a saturation of its wastewater treatment facilities due to an increase in production. In fact, the plant has been growing in recent years, and the effluents have been treated by reproducing the original activated sludge design. However, owing to lack of space, as well as energy consumption and sludge production reaching a certain level, the plant considered other options for coping with the new effluent flow and organic load. Based on the authors' previous experience with this wastewater, the consultant designed a process consisting of modifying an existing pond, in order to add an anaerobic step before the aerobic tanks already in operation. The anaerobic pond is a three-stage process, all included in the same adapted basin, with a distribution system in the bottom of each stage that creates an upflow pattern. Terephthalic acid wastewater is a mixture of several organic acids, with different anaerobic degradation kinetics, acetic and benzoic acids being more rapidly removed; the staged design takes this into account. The first two stages have a plastic floating cover (5,813 m3 and 8,719 m3 volume, respectively), while the third one is a conventional UASB type reactor (6,276 m3 volume) with a gas-liquid-solid separation device on top. The design wastewater flow is 230 m3/h, with 10,300 mg/l COD, a pH of 4.5 and a temperature of 40 °C. There is an effluent recycling pump (510 m3/h) to control upflow velocities and eventual acidification problems in the first two stages. The reactor, seeded with anaerobically adapted waste sludge from the aerobic plant, is now under start up, with the expected performance.

scholarly journals Improvement of Biomethane Production from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) through Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) Pretreatment

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Alessio Siciliano ◽  
Carlo Limonti ◽  
Giulia Maria Curcio
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide

The organic fraction resulting from the separate collection of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is an abundant residue exploitable for biofuel production. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most attractive technologies for the treatment of organic wastes thanks to the generation of biogas with a high methane content. However, because of its complex composition, the direct digestion of OFMSW can be less effective. To overcome these difficulties, many pretreatments are under development. In this work, the efficacy of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) oxidation was assessed for the first time as a pretreatment of OFMSW to enhance its anaerobic biodegradability. In this regard, many AHP batch tests were executed at pH 9 and by changing the peroxide dosages up to 1 gH2O2/gCOD, under room temperature and pressure conditions. Afterwards, biomethane potential tests (BMP) were conducted to evaluate the performance of anaerobic digestion both on raw and pretreated OFMSW. The pretreatment tests demonstrated that AHP induces only a weak reduction in the organic load, reaching a maximum COD removal of about 28%. On the other hand, notable productions of volatile fatty acids (VFA) were found. In fact, by applying a peroxide dose of just 0.025 gH2O2/gCOD, there was a doubling in VFA concentration, which increased by five times with the highest H2O2 amount. These results indicate that AHP mainly causes the conversion of complex organic substrates into easily degradable compounds. This conversion made it possible to achieve much better performance during the BMP tests conducted with the pretreated waste compared to that carried out on fresh OFMSW. Indeed, a low methane production of just 37.06 mLCH4/gTS was detected on raw OFMSW. The cumulated CH4 production in the pretreated samples increased in response to the increase in H2O2 dosage applied during AHP. Maximum specific productions of about 463.7 mLCH4/gTS and 0.31 LCH4/gCODremoved were calculated on mixtures subjected to AHP. On these samples, the satisfactory evolution of AD was confirmed by the process parameters calculated by modeling the cumulated CH4 curves through a new proposed formulation of the Gompertz equation.

scholarly journals Impact of Operational Parameters on Bacterial Community in a Full-Scale Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGNIESZKA CYDZIK-KWIATKOWSKA ◽  
MAGDALENA ZIELIŃSKA ◽  
IRENA WOJNOWSKA-BARYŁA
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Organic Load Rate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidising Bacteria

A bacterial community in activated sludge from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant was monitored throughout the year with the use of FISH, RISA and DGGE techniques. In the investigated range of temperatures (11.9-21.6 degrees C), a rise in temperature resulted in a lower total bacteria richness, while organic load rate changes from 0.09 to 0.21 g COD x g TSS(-1) x d(-1) were positively correlated with the number of bands in RISA patterns. The most diverse pattern (29 different bands) was characteristic for the activated sludge sample collected at the end of January at wastewater temperature of 11.9 degrees C. The ammonia-oxidising bacteria community did not change during the study, and comprised of 4 different bacterial populations with one dominant species closely related to Nitrosospira sp. REGAU (GenBank accession number AY635572.1). The percentage of ammonia-oxidising bacteria in the activated sludge varied from 6.2 to 19.5% and depended on temperature (R = 0.61, p = 0:02) and organic load rate (R = -0.55, p = 0.04).

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