The Importance of Helping Professionals from the Point of View of Economic Theory Development

The article written by the well-known theorists and historians of economic thought contains a detailed overview of the Cambridge capital controversy, which had raged from the mid-1950-s through the mid-1970-s. The authors track the origins of the controversy and cover arguments of both sides in chronological order. From their point of view, the discussion hasnt been resolved, and its main underlying aspects were ideological beliefs and fundamental methodological controversies on the nature of equilibrium and on the role of time in economic theory. The article is published with comments written by other leading theoreticians.

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CAREER CAPITAL. CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES

RSUH/RGGU Bulletin Series Philosophy Social Studies Art Studies ◽

10.28995/2073-6401-2021-1-78-88 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 78-88

Author(s):

Irina P. Popova ◽

Keyword(s):

Professional Training ◽

Management Practices ◽

Theory Development ◽

Point Of View ◽

Organizational Strategies ◽

Social And Cultural Capital ◽

Career Capital ◽

Principal Directions ◽

Interdisciplinary Interaction ◽

Career Research

This article considers approaches to studying the career capital in the interdisciplinary career studies from the point of view of the creating conditions issues for professional development of employees. The concept was formed within the framework of the interdisciplinary career research, based on the concepts of the human, social and cultural capital, as one of the tools for understanding new processes in the field of labor. The content of those processes determines, among other things, the growing variety of career models and the need to adapt them to organizational strategies. Attention is focused on studying those concepts in two principal directions: considering it as a tool for management practices in modern organizations and considering it in the perspective of the career theory development. Conclusions are drawn that approaches to considering career capital are based on interdisciplinary interaction and understanding of the multilevel context of a career in the organizations research. Groups of environmental infrastructure factors are identified for the development of professional promotion opportunities; professional training of employees; individual career success.

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Client Importance, Nonaudit Services, and Abnormal Accruals

The Accounting Review ◽

10.2308/accr.2003.78.4.931 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 931-955 ◽

Cited By ~ 483

Author(s):

Hyeesoo Chung ◽

Sanjay Kallapur

Keyword(s):

Economic Theory ◽

Corporate Governance ◽

Theory Development ◽

Auditor Independence ◽

Big 5 ◽

Audit Firms ◽

Jones Model ◽

Nonaudit Services ◽

Abnormal Accruals

The economic theory of auditor independence (DeAngelo 1981b) suggests that auditors' incentives to compromise their independence are related to client importance. Using ratios of client fees and of nonaudit fees divided by the audit firm's U.S. revenues or a surrogate for the audit-practice-office revenues as measures of client importance, we investigate their association with Jones-model abnormal accruals. In a sample of 1,871 clients of Big 5 audit firms we do not find a statistically significant association between abnormal accruals and any of the client importance measures. Our theory development also suggests that auditor incentives to compromise independence should increase with the extent of client opportunities and incentives to manage earnings, and decrease with the strength of corporate governance and auditor expertise. We also do not find a statistically significant association between abnormal accruals and client importance in subsets of the samples partitioned by proxies for these factors.

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Energy-Saving Household Behavior as an Object of Research and Projects

Scientific Research and Development Russian Journal of Project Management ◽

10.12737/2587-6279-2020-16-22 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 16-22

Author(s):

Rais Burganov ◽

Liliya Urazbahtina

Keyword(s):

Economic Theory ◽

Energy Conservation ◽

Energy Saving ◽

Household Behavior ◽

Point Of View ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Current State ◽

Irrational Behavior ◽

Technological Concepts ◽

Saving Behavior

The energy-saving behavior of households has a huge and obvious role in the development of the economy and society. However, the theoretical approaches of economists on this topic are developing more slowly than its applied aspects. The aim of this work is to consider the energy-saving behavior of households from the angle of the main directions of economic theory. The research methodology is based on the principles of the implementation of areas of economic theory, as well as on the use of total energy, consisting of electric, thermal, solar, mechanical and other types of energy. The article proposes a classification of factors (main and secondary, main and auxiliary) that affect household behavior in the field of energy conservation and which should be taken into account when drawing up its mono and polyparametric mathematical models. Moreover, each variable can be positively or negatively reflected in the rational or irrational behavior of households in energy conservation. The paper gives the results of the consideration of problems in shaping the behavior of households from the point of view of the neoclassical direction of economic theory and institutionalism, as well as on the basis of its moral-educational and technological concepts. The current state of introducing the development of energy-saving and nature-friendly technologies into the everyday activities of households will transform the behavior of households in the field of consumption of any type of energy.

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Perils of road freight market deregulation: cabotage in the European Union

The International Journal of Logistics Management ◽

10.1108/ijlm-12-2018-0321 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 333-355

Author(s):

Henrik S. Sternberg ◽

Erik Hofmann ◽

Robert E. Overstreet

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Theory Development ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Point Of View ◽

The European Union ◽

Modal Shift ◽

Content Type ◽

Labour Unions ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Freight Market

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of the ongoing freight market deregulation in the European Union (EU). Specifically, this case study focuses on cabotage penetration rates in Germany, the largest logistics market in Europe. In light of the upcoming trade barriers, we intend to move this topic forward by emphasising its interdisciplinary nature.Design/methodology/approachBased on the analysis of Eurostat data, expert interviews and a review of related literature, we elaborate and discuss four propositions related to the factors affecting cabotage penetration, future cabotage levels and the effects on modal split and empty runs.FindingsWe found that cabotage in Germany plays a more important role than officially reported and has increased drastically since 2008. Given our analysis, increased cabotage penetration seems to thwart efforts within the EU to promote a modal shift from road to rail and increased national empty runs are the future outcome of current regulations. In Germany, the cabotage share is likely to reach 16% in the next five years.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper highlights the need for incorporating a more contextual understanding in freight carrier selection theory development in general as well as country-specific investigations in particular.Practical implicationsLogistics managers and policymakers looking at future strategies are advised to take the ongoing deregulation trend into consideration. European freight movement using cabotage operators may represent significant cost savings; however, these cost savings come at an environmental and social sustainability price as the modal shift to rail and fill rates suffer.Originality/valueThis paper represents an empirical and unbiased point of view, in contrast to the reports of the European Commission (pro-deregulation) or the reports of the haulage associations and labour unions (anti-deregulation).

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Economics: The Last Bastion of Rationality

The Tyranny of Utility ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691128177.003.0004 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Gilles Saint-Paul

Keyword(s):

Economic Theory ◽

Point Of View ◽

Competitive Markets ◽

Free Markets ◽

Global Efficiency ◽

Laissez Faire ◽

Theory Lead

This chapter examines how the assumptions underlying economic theory lead to a presumption of laissez-faire, and why this apparatus is fragile because those assumptions are not grounded on empirical observations but on methodological requirements instead. Many people traditionally think of economists as advocates of laissez-faire, that is, letting the free operation of markets determine how resources are allocated throughout society. This presumption comes from some central results of economic theory which predict that, in some sense, free markets lead to desirable outcomes from the point of view of global efficiency. Essentially, these results come from two observations. First, competitive markets allow all voluntary transactions to take place. Second, all voluntary transactions are mutually advantageous and therefore increase the welfare of both parties.

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