scholarly journals Voltammetric detection, transformation and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials in aqueous environment and application of micro-/nanomotors for environmental remediation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhe Teo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Voltammetric Detection

THE STUDY ON NOVEL MICROELECTRODE ARRAY CHIPS FOR THE DETECTION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATER POLLUTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1150002 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUI-XIN ZHAO ◽  
WEI CAI ◽  
DA HA ◽  
HAO WAN ◽  
PING WANG
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Mercury Film ◽  
Voltammetric Detection ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace heavy metals in aqueous environment are rapidly assuming significance along with the rapid development of industry. In this paper, gold microelectrode array (MEA) plated with mercury film was used for simultaneous voltammetric detection of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper ions in water. The electrochemical behavior and the actual surface area of the MEA were investigated by cyclic voltammetry in K3[Fe(CN)6] . Electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) was utilized to examine the deposition of mercury on the electrode surface. Based on anodic stripping voltammetry, mercury film– Au MEA was applied to the detection of heavy metals in artificial analyte, where good calibrate linearity was obtained for cadmium, lead and copper ions, but with zinc exhibiting poor linearity.

scholarly journals Developments in the Application of Nanomaterials for Water Treatment and Their Impact on the Environment

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleema Saleem ◽  
Syed Javaid Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Active Components

Nanotechnology is an uppermost priority area of research in several nations presently because of its enormous capability and financial impact. One of the most promising environmental utilizations of nanotechnology has been in water treatment and remediation where various nanomaterials can purify water by means of several mechanisms inclusive of the adsorption of dyes, heavy metals, and other pollutants, inactivation and removal of pathogens, and conversion of harmful materials into less harmful compounds. To achieve this, nanomaterials have been generated in several shapes, integrated to form different composites and functionalized with active components. Additionally, the nanomaterials have been added to membranes that can assist to improve the water treatment efficiency. In this paper, we have discussed the advantages of nanomaterials in applications such as adsorbents (removal of dyes, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and organic contaminants from water), membrane materials, catalytic utilization, and microbial decontamination. We discuss the different carbon-based nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, fullerenes, etc.), and metal and metal-oxide based nanomaterials (zinc-oxide, titanium dioxide, nano zerovalent iron, etc.) for the water treatment application. It can be noted that the nanomaterials have the ability for improving the environmental remediation system. The examination of different studies confirmed that out of the various nanomaterials, graphene and its derivatives (e.g., reduced graphene oxide, graphene oxide, graphene-based metals, and graphene-based metal oxides) with huge surface area and increased purity, outstanding environmental compatibility and selectivity, display high absorption capability as they trap electrons, avoiding their recombination. Additionally, we discussed the negative impacts of nanomaterials such as membrane damage and cell damage to the living beings in the aqueous environment. Acknowledgment of the possible benefits and inadvertent hazards of nanomaterials to the environment is important for pursuing their future advancement.

Emerging Sustainable Nanomaterials and their applications in Catalysis and Corrosion Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Bahadur Singh
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Corrosion Control ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Nanomaterials Synthesis ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
Sustainable Materials

Background: The different field of chemistry needs various greener pathways in our search toward attaining sustainability. True sustainability comes through circularity. Circular processes i.e., circular economy, circular chemistry, etc. are the only logical solution for all challenges/issues related to sustainability. Chemistry of matter changes with size. Nanoscale materials thus show magical properties and have broad range of applications. Objective: Nanomaterials always fascinate researchers because of its unique and novel properties. Engineered nanomaterials hold great promise for catalysis, corrosion control, medicine, electronics, environmental remediation, and other fields. But when the nanomaterials or any new/novel materials are synthesized without considering about environmental impacts at the beginning of the process, their long-term effects could undermine those advances. Sustainable nanomaterials have great capability to overcome the challenges associated with engineered nanomaterials. Sustainable materials are the need of present to sustain the life on the earth. Size and shape controlled synthesis of nanomaterials is a challenging factor to explore the various applications of nanomaterials. Conclusion: Application of nanomaterials in catalysis and protective coating of metals to prevent corrosion make it more sustainable. Present article, briefly reviewed the fundamental aspects of nanomaterials, sustainable approaches of nanomaterials synthesis, and their sustainable applications i.e., catalysis and corrosion control.

Coordination networks for the recognition of oxo-anions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Sougata Sinha ◽  
Venkata Krishnan ◽  
Rik Rani Koner
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Coordination Networks ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Oxo Anions ◽  
P Utilization

Utilization of luminescent crystalline coordination networks (LCPs/LMOFs) for the recognition of various oxo-anions in aqueous environment has received significant interest in the context of environmental remediation.

Prospects for scanned-probe microscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Revel
Keyword(s):  
High Vacuum ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Material Scientist ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Scanned Probe Microscopy

In the last 50+ years the electron microscope and allied instruments have led the way as means to acquire spatially resolved information about very small objects. For the material scientist and the biologist both, imaging using the information derived from the interaction of electrons with the objects of their concern, has had limitations. Material scientists have been handicapped by the fact that their samples are often too thick for penetration without using million volt instruments. Biologists have been handicapped both by the problem of contrast since most biological objects are composed of elements of low Z, and also by the requirement that sample be placed in high vacuum. Cells consist of 90% water, so elaborate precautions have to be taken to remove the water without losing the structure altogether. We are now poised to make another leap forwards because of the development of scanned probe microscopies, particularly the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The scanning probe instruments permit resolutions that electron microscopists still work very hard to achieve, if they have reached it yet. Probably the most interesting feature of the AFM technology, for the biologist in any case, is that it has opened the dream of high resolution in an aqueous environment. There are few restrictions on where the instrument can be used. AFMs can be made to work in high vacuum, allowing the material scientist to avoid contamination. The biologist can be made happy as well. The tips used for detection are made of silicon nitride,(Si3N4), and are essentially unaffected by exposure to physiological saline (about which more below). So here is an instrument which can look at living whole cells and at atoms as well.

A peek in the micro-sized world: a review of design principles, engineering tools, and applications of engineered microbial community

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Baizhen Gao ◽  
Rushant Sabnis ◽  
Tommaso Costantini ◽  
Robert Jinkerson ◽  
Qing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Global Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Synthetic Microbial Communities

Microbial communities drive diverse processes that impact nearly everything on this planet, from global biogeochemical cycles to human health. Harnessing the power of these microorganisms could provide solutions to many of the challenges that face society. However, naturally occurring microbial communities are not optimized for anthropogenic use. An emerging area of research is focusing on engineering synthetic microbial communities to carry out predefined functions. Microbial community engineers are applying design principles like top-down and bottom-up approaches to create synthetic microbial communities having a myriad of real-life applications in health care, disease prevention, and environmental remediation. Multiple genetic engineering tools and delivery approaches can be used to ‘knock-in' new gene functions into microbial communities. A systematic study of the microbial interactions, community assembling principles, and engineering tools are necessary for us to understand the microbial community and to better utilize them. Continued analysis and effort are required to further the current and potential applications of synthetic microbial communities.

On the Adsorption of Aspartate Derivatives to Calcite Surfaces in Aqueous Environment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stepic ◽  
Lara Jurković ◽  
Ksenia Klementyeva ◽  
Marko Ukrainczyk ◽  
Matija Gredičak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Binding Modes ◽  
Carboxylate Groups ◽  
Dissolved Ions ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

In many living organisms, biomolecules interact favorably with various surfaces of calcium carbonate. In this work, we have considered the interactions of aspartate (Asp) derivatives, as models of complex biomolecules, with calcite. Using kinetic growth experiments, we have investigated the inhibition of calcite growth by Asp, Asp2 and Asp3.This entailed the determination of a step-pinning growth regime as well as the evaluation of the adsorption constants and binding free energies for the three species to calcite crystals. These latter values are compared to free energy profiles obtained from fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. When using a flat (104) calcite surface in the models, the measured trend of binding energies is poorly reproduced. However, a more realistic model comprised of a surface with an island containing edges and corners, yields binding energies that compare very well with experiments. Surprisingly, we find that most binding modes involve the positively charged, ammonium group. Moreover, while attachment of the negatively charged carboxylate groups is also frequently observed, it is always balanced by the aqueous solvation of an equal or greater number of carboxylates. These effects are observed on all calcite features including edges and corners, the latter being associated with dominant affinities to Asp derivatives. As these features are also precisely the active sites for crystal growth, the experimental and theoretical results point strongly to a growth inhibition mechanism whereby these sites become blocked, preventing further attachment of dissolved ions and halting further growth.

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