scholarly journals Organizational and Legal Principles of Soviet Militia Dispatch Center’s Functioning during 1969–1991

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
D. V. Halkin ◽  
O. M. Halkina
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Made In

The normative and legal provision, organization and activity of militia dispatch centers of Soviet Ukraine in 1969–1991 have been studied. Various forms, methods and directions of activity of militia dispatch centers in 1961–1991 have been analyzed; and the activity of the militia in ensuring the protection of public order and the fight against crime has been reconsidered. The author has characterized the functions of militia dispatch centers, which were performed by them in the period from 1969 to 1991. The peculiarities of personnel and logistical provision of the militia dispatch centers in the specified historical period have been highlighted. The analysis of archival materials has demonstrated that the implementation of the function of the dispatch center was associated with the implementation of an increased number of tasks. However, the combination of the duties of a duty officer with performing the duties in another position led to the overburdening of a militiaman, which had a negative impact on law enforcement activity. Improving the organizational forms of the Soviet militia dispatch centers was carried out in several areas: 1) the creation of regular police units in all militia agencies, the number of which depended on the population, as well as changes in the operative situation; 2) increase in the number of regular shifts; 3) bringing the premises, equipment and logistics of dispatch centers in line with the established requirements; 4) the introduction of additional structures within dispatch centers, caused by an increase in the workload on dispatch centers as a result of the growth in crime rates; 5) increase of requirements to personnel of dispatch centers. In terms of reforming the law enforcement system, miscalculations and mistakes of the past years should be avoided. The specifics of dispatch centers’ activity is that it represents the interests of all services, combines the goals and objectives of public order, prevention and detection of crimes, as well as coordinates their actions in case of emergencies. The efficiency of crime detection, assistance to victims and detention of perpetrators depends on the effective organization of interaction between services and units. Thus, the creative use of obtained experience to improve the activities of the dispatch centers of internal affairs agencies will to some extent avoid mistakes and miscalculations made in previous historical periods.

scholarly journals Forms of Interaction of the National Police with the Public in the Field of Ensuring Public Safety and Order

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
А. В. Комзюк
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
National Police

Interaction is a necessary and important part of the work of the National Police, including in the field of public safety and order. Due to the interaction we achieve the coordination of actions and joint activities of the National Police with other entities. Existing forms and methods of the interaction between the National Police and the public do not meet the current requirements and need to be refined or finding new forms and methods. Therefore, there is the need to conduct a thorough study of the problems of the interaction of the National Police with other entities of ensuring public safety and order. The author of the article has analyzed the importance and legal principles of the interaction of citizens with the police in the field of public order protection and combating crime. The concepts and forms’ types of the specified interaction have been defined. It has been concluded that there is a lack of scientific research focused on the problems of the interaction of the National Police with the public in the field of public safety and order, in particular on finding its new forms. To achieve this purpose, the author has revealed the essence of the interaction of the National Police with the public in the field of public safety and order, their relations, as well as has defined the classification of forms of the interaction of the National Police with citizens and their associations in the field of public safety and order. The scientific novelty of the study is that it improves the understanding of the nature and types of forms of the interaction between the National Police and the public in the field of public safety and order. Summarizing the above, we can conclude that the effective implementation of the authorities in the field of public safety and order by the National Police of Ukraine requires the establishment of effective interaction with citizens and public associations. The author has offered some new forms of the interaction between the National Police and the public for the implementation, the use of which can improve the state of law enforcement and the fight against crime.

scholarly journals Some questions of the history of the formation of the system of criminalistic knowledge

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
V. O. V. O.
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Special Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Periods

The article discusses the problematic issues of the historical preconditions for the formation of the system of criminalistics knowledge. Analyzed the scientific works of scientists and practitioners of law enforcement agencies regarding the system of criminalistics knowledge and criminalistics science. The importance of taking into account the historical period regarding the formation of the structure and system of criminalistics knowledge is emphasized. Systematization of criminalistics knowledge took place in several stages. Thus, one of the first to summarize and classify criminalistics knowledge was Hans Gross. Similarly, SM Tregubov and RA Reiss attempted to form a system of criminalistics knowledge in their scientific works. A. I. Vinberg and B. M. Shaver in their work argued for the need to distinguish in criminalistics science of the general and special part. In certain historical periods, different views were proposed on the formation of a system of criminalistics knowledge, which is associated with the historical development of society at that time, the state of scientific research on the detection, detection and investigation of criminal offenses. Depending on the historical stages, practitioners and scientists offered their own system of criminalistics knowledge and criminalistic science.

scholarly journals Personnel support of the police of the Irkutsk province during the period of anti-Bolshevik power in 1918–1919

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sinichenko ◽  
Dmitriy Kaveckiy
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Material Supply ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject

The article aims to study the activities of the police of the Irkutsk province during the Civil War. The object of the study in the article was the units of the people’s (civilian) police, created in early March 1917 and acting on the basis of the Regulation adopted on April 17, 1917 by the Provisional Government. On October 28 (November 10), 1917, the PKIB of the RSFSR issued a new decree «On the Workers’ Police», but after the overthrow of Soviet power in the summer of 1918 in the east of the country, the eastern regions returned to the Regulation of April 17. The functioning of the police in 1918–1919, based on the principles of the Provisional Government and became the object of analysis in this work. The subject of the study is the personnel work carried out during this period in the law enforcement agencies of the Baikal region. Along with general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction etc.), the work used problem-chronological and comparative methods that revealed the dynamics of historical events in Eastern Siberia, their impact on politics, on decision-making, and revealed similarities and differences in the forms, organization and manifestation of police actions operating in eastern Russia in the indicated historical period of time. It is concluded that the activities of the authorities of the Irkutsk province to recruit police units were unskilled. Of course, leaders at various levels, to the extent of their limited resources, tried to strengthen the public order authorities, but the lack of systemic organization of law enforcement work had a negative impact on the activities of the police. Neither the Omsk government, nor the civilian and military authorities of the Irkutsk province, could provide at the proper level not the material supply of the police, nor its personnel support. As a result, the police of the Irkutsk province not only did not defend the authorities against the Bolsheviks, but also could not cope with the functions of law enforcement. The increase in criminal criminality in 1918 and 1919 is recorded by all printed publications of the Irkutsk province of that time, as well as statistical reports of the provincial police.

scholarly journals How Far the Authorities are Going to go on Tackling Political Motive Hoax Spreading

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Anton Hendrik Samudra
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

This paper identifies hoax as a cyberspace social problem which can have a negative impact toward public order, both in cyberspace and real life. It also elaborates how a hoax is different from fake news for its characteristic. A hoax could cause horizontal conflict, especially in Indonesia when it is about the most recent common political commodities, which are race, ethnicity, religion, intergroup (SARA). Every government has interest on maintaining public order to keep the sustainability of society. Criminal law is designed to be the ultimate tool of social engineering through deterrence effect. The problem is how far the law enforcement is going to go to eradicate the hoax spreading, because the issues of freedom of speech/information.The research is conducted by using a conceptual approach in a normative legal study. Secondary data also provided in this paper to grasp the factual problems as the threat that needed to be encountered. The first part of the paper elaborates the freedom of speech/information, cyberspace, and social media. The second part is explanation of profile of hoax in Indonesia. The third part is elaboration of criminal statutes of hoax distribution using information communication technology. The last part is on how far the government and law enforcement synergize and how far they going to go in handling hoaxes and the sources to prevent and contain further damage. The findings are the blocking and taking down is not just about depraving internet user’s rights, but balancing between the freedom and public order. In order to be justifiable and balanced, the government needs to consider objectively whether the content was a threat that disrupting public order (moreover, national security), while the law enforcement could confiscate the electronic system involved and it should have been through appropriate criminal procedure.

RECYCLED BRICK SOUNDPROOF TEST AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Hendrico Firzandy Latupeirissa ◽  
Gierlang Bhakti Putra ◽  
Niki Prastomo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Comfort ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Coarse Grains ◽  
Made In

Brick debris that makes up the majority of construction waste has not received proper waste disposal in Indonesia. On the other hand, brick debris could be potentially reused as non-structural building materials to reduce its negative impact on the environment. This study aims to test the effectiveness of soundproofing on recycled brick debris. The soundproof test was carried out on brick debris in the form of fine and coarse grains. The simulation box is then used as a support for the brickwork material and then the box is exposed to a sound source with a certain level of noise that is considered disturbing human comfort. Noise level measurements are made in the outside and inside the box. These measurements are tabulated and then analyzed to see the success of the two aggregates in reducing noise. Basically, the brickwork material has succeeded in becoming a recycled building material that can absorb noise, although further research must be carried out to be able to state that this material is truly ready to be used as an alternative building material with good acoustic capabilities.

Public Order: Concept and Category Content

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
R. G. Kalustov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of

The article discusses the emergence and development, as well as existing approaches to understanding the concept of “public order”. The history of the formation of this category is examined by analyzing regulatory legal acts. This method allows you to track the change in value and determine how to correctly understand the “public order” today. Revealing the concept, ambiguity arises in understanding this category, in connection with which the most applicable approach is currently determined for use in practice by law enforcement agencies.

EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES IN THE FIELD OF ORGANIZING ACTIVITIES FOR THE PROTECTION OF PUBLIC ORDER WITH SERVICE DOGS

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
С.А. Лукашев
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Service Dogs ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Special Means

В статье рассматривается такой вид специальных средств, как служебные собаки, которые используются сотрудниками правоохранительных органов зарубежных стран при охране общественного порядка. This article addresses the type of special means such as service dogs, which are used by law enforcement officers of foreign countries in public order. There were analyzed cases of their use by various law enforcement agencies in consideration of this topic.

Doctrinal principles of law: concept and specificity

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Vera A. Iliukhina
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Positive Law

Based on the understanding of the doctrinal principles of law as socially significant ideas formulated by scientists, practitioners, politicians in scientific works and other texts, as well as in public speeches and have not found a normative consolidation, the peculiarities of the doctrinal principles of law are highlighted. It is proposed to delimit the doctrinal principles of law from legal axioms and normatively enshrined principles of law (principles of positive law). The similarity between the doctrinal principles of law and legal axioms is that they are ideas. It is substantiated that their differences lie in the fact that legal axioms are always ideas that are socially important and tested by historical experience, and doctrinal principles can be absolutely any, including new ones, coinciding or not coinciding with the needs of society; doctrinal principles are always not normatively fixed (this is their main specific feature), and legal axioms may or may not have normative consolidation. The main differences between doctrinal and normatively enshrined principles of law are highlighted. Three ways are established for the implementation of doctrinal ideas to the level of sectoral, inter-sectoral or general legal principles. The position is substantiated that doctrinal principles have enormous social significance and play an important role in the legal system of Russia, since are the basis for innovative changes in law, are a driving force for the development of legislation, based on the level of development of scientific knowledge and the needs of society in a specific historical period.

Diverging incentives for reforming China’s restrictions on digital innovations

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Francesca Ferracane ◽  
Hosuk Lee-Makiyama
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State Owned Enterprise ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
New Perspective

Purpose This paper aims to investigate China’s policy on digital trade with the objective to highlight the rationales behind such policy. Design/methodology/approach China’s policy on digital trade is assessed by analysing the main regulations imposed in the country in the period from 1985 to 2016 that have an impact on digital trade. Findings It was found that there are more than 70 measures imposed today that have a negative impact on digital trade. The measures are diverse and can be justified with several policy objectives, namely, industrial policy, public order and national security, and these support China’s fiscal and state-owned enterprise structure. Originality/value This paper analyses China’s policy on digital trade from a new perspective and provides insights on the rationales behind this policy.

Race, class and persistent coloniality: US policing as liberal pacification

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Kienscherf
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Legal Equality ◽  
Strategic Focus ◽  
Colonial Order ◽  
Class Divisions ◽  
Theoretical Apparatus

This article argues that US policing ends up maintaining and reinforcing substantive intersecting racial and class divisions, precisely because of its avowed formal neutrality. The article is divided into two main sections. The first section sets up a theoretical apparatus for conceptualising the seeming contradiction between general and specific social control. This section argues that US policing has a colonial genealogy but now serves to reproduce a neo-colonial order characterised by both formal legal equality and substantive racial and class inequalities. Moreover, this section shows that the transition from a colonial to a neo-colonial order has been effected by a change in policing’s strategic focus from classical colonial pacification to liberal pacification, which combines coercion with developmentalism. Through a genealogy of US policing, the second section will demonstrate empirically how US policing’s shift towards a strategy of liberal pacification has enabled and continues to facilitate the (re)production of a neo-colonial social order. Since this genealogical section covers quite a long historical period, it will primarily draw on secondary sources. By developing a more nuanced and finely grained policing-as-pacification model that highlights both the colonial genealogy and the contemporary neo-colonial ontology of US policing, this article helps us better understand how and why formally neutral law enforcement ends up producing and reproducing racial and class divisions.

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