scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antiproliferative and Larvicidal Activity of Gliricidia Sepium Leaves

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-217
Author(s):  
V. Malarvizhi ◽  
K. Sivagamasundari
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Anopheles Mosquitoes ◽  
Larvicidal Effect ◽  
Gastric Cells ◽  
Preliminary Study

Medicinal plants based drugs and chemicals used for curing enormous ailments and it help for the invention of modern pharmaceuticals. The target of this present study is to find out the bioactive compounds and to evaluate antiproliferative and larvicidal effect on Gliricidia sepium leaves. Phytochemical determination was oriented to search secondary metabolites and this preliminary study shows Gliricidia sepium it has alkaloid, flavanoids, phytosteroids, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, mucilage, and coumarins. In this Research a significant cytotoxic effect was observed in Gliricidia sepium methanolic extract against Adenocarcinoma gastric cells. The larvicidal activity was observed by using aqueous and methanolic plant extracts on Anopheles mosquitoes and shows a high mortality rate on 48 hours after the plant extracts exposure. The result of this study shows this plant has significant phytochemicals and potential antiproliferative and Larvicidal effects.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition, Larvicidal and Antiproliferative Effect of Canavalia Virosa

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
S. Suganthi ◽  
V. Malarvizhi
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Antiproliferative Effect ◽  
Anopheles Mosquitoes ◽  
Larvicidal Effect ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
Preliminary Study

Medicinal plants possess pharmacological effect due to the presence of bioactive compounds. The target of this presence study is find out the bioactive chemical constituents and to evaluate anti proliferative effect and also analyze the larvicidal effect of methanolic and aqueous extract of dried leaves of canavalia virosa. The preliminary study shows this plant contains the presence of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phytosteroids, steroids, tannins, terpenoids and coumarins. This research reports methanolic extract of canavalia virosa shows antiproliferative activity effect against Sk- Mel 2 cells. The larvicidal activity of canavalia virosa was performed against the 4th instar larvae of anopheles mosquitoes. The larvicidal mortality was observed after 48hours of plant extract exposure. This is an ecofriendly approach for mosquitoes control measure. The results of this present study shows the plant has potential effect against mosquitoes and has antiproliferative effect.

scholarly journals LARVACIDAL EFFECT OF SOME PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST TOMATO LEAF MINER (TUTA ABSOLUTA MEYRICK; LEPIDOPTERA: GELEHIIDAE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Pervin Erdogan ◽  
Zemran Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Larvicidal Effect ◽  
Tomato Leaf Miner ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelehiidae) is a significant tomato pest, and chemical pesticides are used extensively for its control. Because of the adverse effects of chemical pesticides, researchers have been paying attention more to biopesticides. In this study, the larvicidal effects of the extracts of Tanacetum vulgare (Asteracea), Aleo vera (L.) and (Liliaceae) Tagetes patula L. (Asteracea) was determined and trials were conducted by using leaf dipping and pot methods. The leaf dipping method was conducted in a climate chamber, whereas the potting experiment was performed in the greenhouse. In all of the experiments, second-stage larvae were used to determine the larvicidal effects. According to the results obtained, the highest larvicidal effect and mortality rate was observed at the highest concentration of T. vulgare extract (86%, effect: 86.55%). The lowest mortality rate and the larvicidal effect was observed at the same concentration of T. patula extract (mortality: 79%, effect: 78.55%). In the pot experiment, the highest yield was seen in the Neem Azal T/S, followed by T. vulgare, A. vera and T. patula extracts. On the first day counts, the lowest insecticidal effect was obtained with the lowest concentration of T. patula extract. The extract of A. vera, T. vulgare and T. patula was effective in experiments carried out in pot and laboratory conditions on T. absoluta. It is suggested that more research be done on using these extracts as a biopesticide to control T. absoluta. Keywords: Tomato leaf miner, plant extracts, larvacidal effect.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the insecticidal activity of the methanol extracts of Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) and Albizia lebbeck (Mimosaceae) on larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Modo Marc ◽  
Bakwo Fils Eric Moïse ◽  
Tatsimo Ndendoung Simplice Joël ◽  
Tamesse Joseph Lebel
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Positive Controls

Abstract Background Vector-borne diseases are mostly transmitted by mosquitoes. Therefore, these mosquitoes constitute a socio-economic scourge. Due to the resistance of mosquitoes to synthetic chemical insecticides and the pollution they generate, this study was conducted to assess the larvicidal activity of plant crude extracts on larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Results Bioassays performed on larvae shown that the extract of Calotropis procera at 0.6 mg/mL recorded the highest mortality rate of 100% for L1, L2 and L3. However, the extract of Albizia lebbeck at 0.7 mg/mL recorded the highest mortality rate of 100% for all the four stages of larvae. Negative and positive controls recorded 16% and 100% mortalities, respectively, after 24 h of exposure. The extract of Calotropis procera recorded LC50 values as follows: 0.194, 0.251, 0.258 and 0.284 mg/mL for L1, L2, L3 and L4, respectively. The LC90 of Calotropis procera were: 0.340, 0.433, 0.444 and 0.502 mg/mL for L1, L2, L3 and L4, respectively. In contrast, the extract of Albizia lebbeck recorded the following LC50: 0.238, 0.264, 0.290 and 0.316 mg/mL for L1, L2, L3 and L4, respectively. Also, its LC90 were: 0.456, 0.498, 0.531 and 0.580 mg/mL, respectively, to L1, L2, L3 and L4. Conclusion The larvicidal bioassays performed revealed that these plant extracts have significant larvicidal properties. In the framework of fighting against vector-borne diseases, these two plants constitute alternative products to control mosquitoes.

LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF SOME CERRADO PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. S. RODRIGUES ◽  
J. E. DE PAULA ◽  
N. DEGALLIER ◽  
J. F. MOLEZ ◽  
L. S. ESPÍNDOLA
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts

Preliminary Study on Cytotoxic Effect of Biodegradation of Magnesium on Cancer Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 769-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Ling Ren ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Xiao Lin ◽  
Huafu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Preliminary Study

scholarly journals LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OFTITHONIA DIVERSIFOLIALEAF EXTRACT ONPERI-URBAN MOSQUITO LARVEA INABAKALIKI; ALTERNATIVE TO INSECTICIDE DEVELOPMENT.

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1225-1228
Author(s):  
UHUO CA ◽  
OKEREKE CN ◽  
NWELE ED ◽  
OGBONNA S.U ◽  
NWANCHOR K.C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Anopheles Mosquito ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Dose Dependent

The bioassay activitiesofTithonia diversifolia leave extract was conducted on the larvae of Anopheles mosquito collected at peri-urban areas of Abakaliki Ebonyi State, using the concentrations of the extract in dilutions at 50/100ml, 40/100ml, 30/100ml and 20/100ml introduced with 10 Anopheles mosquito larvae each in four replicates and allowed for 3hrs. Mean mortality rate of the larvae were observed after the first hour, thus 30%, 10%, 05% and 0% respectively while in the 2nd hour were 60%, 40%, 20% and 10% and in the 3rd hour were 80%, 60%, 50% & 30% respectively. The result thus revealed that the treatment is dose dependent and that the studied specie has some bioactive compounds that can be exploited for insect pests control hence observed to be sensitive in anopheles mosquito larvae. Therefore Tithonia diversifolialeaf extract could be used as a bioassay for the control of mosquito due to its active properties as this has exhibited adverse effects on the larvae thereby reducing the mosquito population and thus reducing the malarious infection associated with the bite of mosquito.

scholarly journals Non-chemical based management of Tylenchulus semipenetrans, a major threat to the citrus industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Muhammad Wajid ◽  
Adil Mahmood ◽  
Haseeb Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Imran Hamid ◽  
Yannong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Citrus Industry ◽  
Percentage Mortality ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Citrus Nematode

There is a vast variety of microbes available in soil performing diverse functions for plants including root colonization for protection against pathogens and nutrient acquisition. In the present study, efficacy of rhizospheric microbial strains and plant extracts were evaluated against citrus nematode for their nematicidal activity. Three different concentrations of plant extracts were evaluated in vitro, results depicts that 10% solution of Tagetes erecta (root) has given 46% the highest percentage mortality at 48hrs followed by Tagetes erecta (leaf) and Datura stramonium killed 41% and 37% nematodes respectively, similarly for 20% of plant extract in distilled water, the highest mortality rate was recorded for T. erecta (root) 68% followed by D. stramonium 47% and Acacia nilotica 44% at 48hrs of application. While using a higher concentration 30% of SS. the percentage mortality elevated multifold i.e.  Marigold root has killed maximum 76% nematodes followed by Marigold leaves and Dhatura with mortality rate 69% and 58% respectively at 48 hrs of interval. While Eucalyptus killed lowest no of nematodes. Additionally, five bacterial isolates were evaluated for their nematicidal activity. Results indicated that for bacterial cell suspension, Pseudomonas putida has shown maximum mortality rate at 84% followed by Bacillus subtilis 73% & Pseudomonas geniculata 65% at 48hrs of interval. Similarly, in the 2nd set of experiment bacterial culture filtrates has exhibited promising results, maximum mortality rate was recorded for Bacillus spp. 81% followed by B. subtilis 76%, Ps putida 63%, after 48hrs of incubation. Moreover, an insight investigation of bacterial extracellular metabolites and plant extracts would enable researchers to develop purposeful products and compositions

scholarly journals Preliminary observations on the effect of sudden changes of temperature on survival of young Matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) under laboratory conditions

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Fonsêca Guimarães ◽  
Atílio Storti Filho
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Amazonian Fish ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Preliminary Study

Matrinxã is a very promising amazonian fish for fish culture in Brazil. This study is aimed at determining the approximate tolerated temperature range in this species. Groups of ten young matrinxã specimens (15.1±0.8 cm average length and 58.3±10.3 g average weight) were subjected to 9 different temperatures for 24 hours without previous acclimation. Fish were transferred from an initial temperature of 27ºC to those ranging from 12 to 39ºC at 3ºC intervals. Both 12ºC and 39ºC temperatures were lethal for this species with 100% mortality rate. Following 2 minutes of exposure to 39ºC fish changed behavior, showing an increase in opercular movements and erratic swimming; mortality reached 100% after 18 minutes. At 12ºC, fish lost equilibrium immediately after exposure and started swimming erratically; after only 4 minutes fish became lethargic and remained immobile on the bottom of the tank. Total mortality was only evident following 24 hours. At 15ºC matrinxã lost equilibrium after 5 to 6 minutes of exposure but mortality was only 20% after 24 hours. Fish tolerated well temperatures ranging from 18 to 36ºC with 100% survival after 24 hours. This preliminary study suggests that temperatures between 18 and 36ºC are the approximate range normally tolerated by this species, although survival at other temperatures may be increased by gradually acclimating fish to the more severe increases or decreases in temperature. In addition, it indicates that matrinxã may be cultivated over a wide geographical area.

Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of plant extracts from Clausena dentata (Willd) (Rutaceae) against dengue, malaria, and filariasis vectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 2475-2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murugesan Susitra Manjari ◽  
Sengodan Karthi ◽  
Govindaraju Ramkumar ◽  
Ranganathan Muthusamy ◽  
Devarajan Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts

Larvicidal activity of some Euphorbiaceae plant extracts against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abdul Rahuman ◽  
Geetha Gopalakrishnan ◽  
P. Venkatesan ◽  
Kannappan Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus
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