scholarly journals Sublingual Tablets : An Overview

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Rohit S. Nikam ◽  
Rahul P. Jadhav ◽  
Dr. Prakash D. Jadhav ◽  
Vishal D. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Peroral Administration ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Evaluation Parameters ◽  
Pass Metabolism

<p>Drug delivery via the oral mucous membrane is considered to be a promising alternative to the oral route. Sublingual route is a rapid onset of action and better patient compliance than orally ingested tablets. Sublingual literally meaning is 'under the tongue', administrating substance via mouth in such a way that the substance is rapidly absorbed via blood vessels under tongue. Peroral administration of drug has disadvantages such as Hepatic first pass metabolism and enzymatic degradation within the GI tract that limits oral administration of certain classes of drug like peptides and proteins. So, other absorptive mucosa is considered as potential sites for drug administration. Trans-mucosal routes of drug delivery (i.e. the mucosal linings of the nasal, rectal, vaginal, ocular, and oral cavity) offer several advantages over peroral administration for systemic delivery. This review highlights the sublingual dosage forms for the treatment of migraine, advantages, Disadvantages, various evaluation parameters and commercially available sublingual dosage forms.</p>

scholarly journals Sublingual route for systemic drug delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 340-343
Author(s):  
Poonam P Pawar ◽  
Hemant S Ghorpade ◽  
Bhavana A. Kokane
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Sublingual Gland ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Systemic Drug Delivery ◽  
Sublingual Delivery

Drug delivery via the oral mucous membrane is considered to be a promising alternative to the oral route. Sublingual route is a rapid onset of action and better patient compliance than orally ingested tablets. Sublingual literally meaning is “under the tongue”, administrating substance via mouth in such a way that the substance is rapidly absorbed via blood vessels under tongue. The portion of drug absorbed through the sublingual blood vessels bypasses the hepatic first‐pass metabolic processes giving acceptable bioavailability.  Sublingual technology is convenient for dosing in geriatric, pediatric and psychiatric patients with dysphagia. Sublingual drug delivery shows fast therapeutic action than orally ingested drugs with fewer side effects. This review highlights advantages, disadvantages, different sublingual Gland, sublingual formulation such as tablets, films drops, sprays etc, evaluation parameters. Keywords: Sublingual delivery, dysphagia, sublingual gland, improved bioavailability, evaluations.

scholarly journals Sublingual Tablets : An Overview

2020 ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Rohit S. Nikam ◽  
Smita P Borkar ◽  
Prakash D Jadhav ◽  
Vishal D. Yadav ◽  
Apurva V Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Mouth Area ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Oral Mucous Membrane

Drug delivery via the oral mucous membrane is considered to be a promising alternative to the oral route. Sublingual route is a useful when rapid onset of action is desired with better patient compliance than oraly ingested tablets. In terms of permeability, the sublingual area of the oral cavity (i.e. the floor of the mou) is more permeable than the buccal (cheek) area, which in turn is more permeable than the palatal (roof of the mouth) area. A rapid onset of pharmacological effect is often desired for some drugs, especially those used in the treatment of acute disorders. Sublingual tablets disintegrate rapidly and the small amount of saliva present is usually sufficient for achieving disintegration of the dosage form coupled with better dissolution and increased bioavailability.

Pharmacokinetic peculiarities of drugs used in the form of rapidly dispersible tablets (oral delivery system)

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Zhanna Kozlova ◽  
Ivan Krasnyuk ◽  
Yuliya Lebedeva ◽  
Ekaterina Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Mucosal Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Pass Metabolism

Oral mucosal drug delivery is an alternative method of systemic delivery with several advantages over both injectable and enteral methods. Drugs that are absorbed through the oral mucosa directly enter the systemic circulation, passing through the gastrointestinal tract and first-pass metabolism in the liver due to oral mucosa being highly vascularised. This results in rapid onset of action for some drugs because of a more comfortable and convenient way of delivery than the intravenous one. But not all drugs can be administered through the oral mucosa due to characteristics of the oral mucosa and physical and chemical properties of the drug.

scholarly journals Sublingual spray: a new technology oriented formulation with multiple benefits

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2875-2885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravindhanthan V ◽  
Anjali P B ◽  
Arun Radhakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Delivery Technology ◽  
Pass Metabolism

Sublingual drug delivery system was a well-established platform for delivering the drug that need to exhibit quick action without any first-pass metabolic effect, but various pitfall in the regular sublingual drug delivery systems such as a tablet, capsule etc., that can be overcome by novel sublingual drug delivery technology such as particulate sublingual spray. Sublingual spray for drug administration has gained attention in the market since it proved its propensity to by-pass the first-pass metabolism and to initiate a rapid onset of action due to its atomized micro particulate nature, which is significantly higher than the other sublingual formulations. The approval of sublingual spray by the regulatory agencies may commence further research in this field by subsuming various essential drugs for indications such as cancer pain, cardiovascular issue etc. This article comprises a detailed study on the drawback of conventional sublingual drug delivery system and the approach by which these drawbacks can be overruled by spray technology in the sublingual area and the, in-depth mechanism of drug delivery through sublingual with the help of atomization followed by the entire formulation strategy along with evaluation and industrial perspective of the sublingual spray dosage form as a future tool of patient-friendly drug delivery.

scholarly journals Orodental Local Drug Delivery

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandita Ahanthem ◽  
Nikhat Gazge
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Rapid Repair ◽  
First Pass Metabolism ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Pass Metabolism ◽  
Systemic Drug

ABSTRACT Oral mucosal diseases are the most common diseases affecting humans and these can be treated with the use of various drugs. These drugs can be administered via many routes to produce its pharmacological bioeffects. One such site is the oral cavity, where both local and systemic deliveries of drug can take place. Oral route has been the most convenient and commonly employed route of drug delivery. The oral mucosa's accessibility, excellent blood supply, bypass of hepatic first pass metabolism, rapid repair, and permeability profile make it an attractive site for local and systemic drug deliveries. Local drug delivery allows topical treatment of various oral mucosal diseases, as it provides a more targeted and efficient drug-delivery option than systemic delivery. This review highlights various methods of drug delivery and important aspects of mucoadhesive drug delivery and drug dosage for treatment of orodental diseases. How to cite this article Ahanthem N, Basavaraju SM, Pachipulusu B, Gazge N. Orodental Local Drug Delivery. J Health Sci Res 2015;6(2):41-46.

scholarly journals INSIGHTS INTO FORMULATION TECHNOLOGIES AND NOVEL STRATEGIES FOR THE DESIGN OF ORALLY DISINTEGRATING DOSAGE FORMS: A COMPREHENSIVE INDUSTRIAL REVIEW

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMED M. AGIBA ◽  
AHMED B. ELDIN
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Drug Dose ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Onset Of Action

Among the various routes of administration, the oral route remains the most convenient and commonly employed route for drug delivery. The oral conventional drug delivery systems have some drawbacks, such as possibility of gastrointestinal destruction of labile molecules, low absorption of macromolecules, slow onset of action, and unavoidable fluctuation in the concentration of drugs which can either lead to under- or over medication with concomitant adverse effects, especially for drugs with small therapeutic index. Therefore, it became essential to design novel oral drug delivery systems to achieve quick dissolution, absorption, rapid onset of action and reduction of drug dose. Among those novel drug delivery systems are oral disintegrating tablets (ODTs). The purpose of this review article is to report the recent advances in ODT systems with emphasis on their preparations, characterizations and applications.

A Review on Fast Dissolving Tablet

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar T. Malsane ◽  
Smita S. Aher ◽  
R. B. Saudagar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Orally Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Oral route is presently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most economical and most convenient method of drug delivery resulting in highest patient compliance. Over the past three decades, orally disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have gained considerable attention due to patient compliance. Usually, elderly people experience difficulty in swallowing the conventional dosage forms like tablets, capsules, solutions and suspensions because of tremors of extremities and dysphagia. In some cases such as motion sickness, sudden episodes of allergic attack or coughing, and an unavailability of water, swallowing conventional tablets may be difficult. One such problem can be solved in the novel drug delivery system by formulating “Fast dissolving tablets” (FDTs) which disintegrates or dissolves rapidly without water within few seconds in the mouth due to the action of superdisintegrant or maximizing pore structure in the formulation. The review describes the various formulation aspects, superdisintegrants employed and technologies developed for FDTs, along with various excipients, evaluation tests, marketed formulation and drugs used in this research area.

An Insight into delivery of drug through The Skin: Transdermal Drug Delivery system

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Usha Ayalasomayajula ◽  
M. Kusuma Kumari ◽  
Radha Rani Earle
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery System ◽  
First Pass Metabolism ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Pass Metabolism

In the recent days about 75% of the drugs taken orally are does not show the desired therapeutic effect. Oral conventional dosage forms have several disadvantages such as poor bioavailability due to hepatic first pass metabolism and tendency to produce rapid blood level spikes (Both high and low). Thus, rapid drug levels in the plasma leads to a need of high and/or frequent dosing, which can be both uneconomical and inconvenient. To overcome such disadvantages transdermal drug delivery system was developed. TDDS is such a delivery system which has been explored extensively over the last two decades, with therapeutic success. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are the drug delivery systems which involves transportation of drug to epidermal and dermal tissues of the skin for local therapeutic action while major fraction of the drug is transported into the systemic blood circulation. Topical administration of therapeutic agents offers vast advantages over conventional oral and invasive methods of drug delivery. Some of the advantages of transdermal drug delivery include limitation of hepatic first pass metabolism, enhancement of therapeutic efficiency and maintenance of steady state plasma level concentration of the drug. This study includes a brief overview of TDDS, its advantages over conventional dosage forms, drug delivery routes across human skin, permeation enhancers, and classification, formulation, methods of preparation and evaluation of transdermal patches.

scholarly journals FAST DISSOLVING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: FORMULATION, PREPARATION TECHNIQUES AND EVALUATION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satbir Singh ◽  
Tarun Virmani ◽  
Reshu Virmani ◽  
Geeta Mahlawat ◽  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Fast Disintegrating Tablets

The Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery Systems sets a new benchmark was an expansion that came into existence in the early 1980’s and combat over the use of the different dosage form like tablets, suspension, syrups, capsules which are the other oral drug delivery systems. Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery System (FDTS)  has a major advantage over the conventional dosage forms since the drug gets rapidly disintegrated and dissolves in the saliva without the use of water .In spite of the downside lack of immediate onset of action; these oral dosage forms have valuable purposes such as self medication, increased patient compliance, ease of manufacturing and lack of pain. Hence Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTS) technology has been gaining importance now-a-days with wide variety of drugs serving many purposes. Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTS) has ever increased their demand in the last decade since they disintegrate in saliva in less than a minute that improved compliance in pediatrics and geriatric patients, who have difficulty in swallowing tablets or liquids. As fast dissolving tablet provide instantaneous disintegration after putting it on tongue, thereby rapid drug absorption and instantaneous bioavailability, whereas Fast dissolving oral films are used as practical alternative to FDTS. These films have a potential to deliver the drug systemically through intragastric, sublingual or buccal route of administration and also has been used for local action. In present review article different aspects of fast dissolving  tablets and films like method of preparations, latest technologies, evaluation parameters are discussed. This study will be useful for the researchers for their lab work.  

Recent Developments in Medicated Lozenges: A Promising Dosage Form for the Effective Delivery of Therapeutic Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Gurmeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Drug Targeting ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Background: The delivery of therapeutic agents through the oral route remains the most favorable one as compared to other routes of drug administration. However, numerous disadvantages are encountered in conventional formulations such as low bioavailability, first-pass metabolism, gastric irritation, delayed onset of action, bitter taste, low retention time, frequent dosing, and non-localized drug targeting. All these problems encountered guide the various pharmaceutical industries to manufacture and develop a novel solid oral dosage form called lozenges. Lozenges are solid oral dosage forms of medicament, meant to be dissolved within the mouth or pharynx. It may consist of one or more than one medicinal agent contained in a sweetened and flavored base material. Objective: The present review is focused on various types, compositions, methodologies used to prepare the medicated lozenges and on different evaluation parameters that establish its safety and efficacy. It also put a light on different commercially available and reported medicated lozenges formulation. Method: The various review and research articles reported by different researchers were studied extensively by using the databases of Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and various commercial websites that were also investigated for information regarding new products. Results: Lozenges provides various advantages in terms of patient compliance, rapid onset of action, prolonged retention time, enhancement of bioavailability, ease of manufacturing, localized drug targeting, sustained or controlled effect, and reduced dosing frequency. It has also the ability to incorporate the drugs belong to different therapeutic classes for treating various disorders related to oral cavities like gingivitis, dental plaque, mouth ulcers, throat pain, oral thrush, throat infection, periodontitis, and pharyngitis. However, its applicability is not only limited to localized action, but it has also been employed to deliver the drug systemically for the conditions such as cough, decongestion, runny nose, nausea, vomiting, allergy, low immunity, fever, body ache, the killing of worms and smoking cessation. Conclusion: It was concluded that it has been played an important role in the field of drug delivery and will continue to perform in the same way in the future as well.

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