scholarly journals Manufacture and Characterization of Biofoam Based On Composite of Taro Leaves Powder Reinforced Polyvinyl Acetate

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Arini Ulfah M.R ◽  
Syahrul Humaidi ◽  
Kurnia Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Leaf Powder

Biofoam material has been made for application of styrofoam substitute food packaging material from a mixture of raw materials: taro leaf powder and PVAc through a hot compaction method with variations of the composition of taro leaf powder: PVAc (80:20)% wt, (75:25)% wt, (70 : 30)% wt, (65:35) wt%, (60:40) wt%, (55:45)% wt, (50:50)% wt and (45:50)% wt. The first stage of taro leaves was blended and sifted with 100 mesh particle size. The second stage of the leaf powder of taro mixed with wet mixing was then mixed with PVAc as a matrix. The third stage of the homogeneous mixture was then put into the mold then compressed by heat to make it more dense with a pressure of 100 MPa and held for 10 minutes at 60 oC. Each biofoam sample that is ready to be characterized includes: physical properties (density, water absorption, functional groups and biodegredability), mechanical properties (tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elongation) and thermal properties (melting points). The characterization results showed that taro leaf powder: the optimum PVAc was (45: 55) wt% with a density value of 0.744 x 103 kg/m3, water absorption capacity of 1.765%, composed of OH and CH groups of PVAc and cellulose and C = C groups of lignin so that it has degrading properties of 91.2% for 50 days. Mechanical properties with tensile strength of 0.357 MPa, elastic modulus of 1.449 MPa, and elongation of 246.416%. Thermal properties with a melting point of 350.21 oC whose results have met the standards of conventional brand Synbra Technology. The results of biofoam material based on composite taro leaves and PVAc can be applied as food packaging.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BENTONIT TERMODIFIKASI SEBAGAI PENGISI TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN PENYERAPAN AIR KOMPOSIT EPOKSI

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Alvian ◽  
Kenrick ◽  
Iriany
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Modified Bentonite ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Ftir Characterization ◽  
Scaning Electron Microscopy

Research about the application of modified bentonite as filler in epoxy has been done for the purpose of getting the best composition of modified bentonite as filler at epoxy composite to obtain the best mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and the water absorption. In this research, epoxy resin mixed with bentonite which have been modified using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant with various concentrations of 0,05M, 0,1M, and 0,15M. Modified bentonite filler and TiO2 then mixed with epoxy resin with various concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of filler from the total mass of the composite and then the composite was produced with hand lay-up method. The result of FTIR characterization showed that the bond between matrix and the filler produced was only interfacial bonding. The result of the mechanical properties test indicated that 5% of filler composition with 0,1M of surfactant concentration obtained the maximum value of tensile strength and mechanical strength respectively 33,667 MPa and 12564,9 J/m2. The result of mechanical properties test was supported by analysis of Scaning Electron Microscopy (SEM). On the test of water absorption, the water absorption capacity increased along with the increased of filler composition.

scholarly journals Fabrication and experimental study of corn starch based vetiver cellulose reinforced bio-composite film for food packaging application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Arpitha ◽  
Akarsh Verma ◽  
M R Sanjay ◽  
Abeer Mohamed Alosaimi ◽  
Anish Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity

Abstract Established applicability of biocomposites in the field of automotive, construction and structural industries has led to a hope to utilize them in the near future for further applications such as food packaging and lightweight coatings. Due to their global abundance, natural fibers and starch have been the most widely tested and used raw materials for use as the bio-composite reinforcements. Here in this work, composites based on corn starch (CS) and vetiver cellulose fibers (VCF) are fabricated using the solution casting method. Alpha-cellulose was synthesized from the vetiver roots post converted into nano-cellulose using the ball milling. Various compositions of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (by weight) of this α-cellulose were introduced as the reinforcement to commercially available corn starch matrix. Tensile tests for the fabricated composites were done in accordance with the American Standard for Testing and Materials standard procedure. Crystallinity and failure morphology of the composites was studied using the X-Ray Diffraction techniques and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Water absorption capacity test, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, and determination of contact angle of the films were also done to evaluate the film properties. Results reveal that the incorporation of vetiver cellulose fiber in the starch enhances the mechanical properties of bio-composites. Also, the water absorption capacity and the contact angle decreased and increased, respectively; thereby predicting the composites application as a lightweight food packaging material.

Mechanical Properties and Resistance to Water Ingress of Cement Concrete Made with Non-Cyclic Alkanes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1054 ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Jaskulski ◽  
Wojciech Kubissa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Paraffin Wax ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Water Ingress ◽  
Capacity Reduction ◽  
Cyclic Alkanes

The goal of presented research is an assessment of fundamental mechanical properties and resistance to water ingress of concrete with non-cyclic alkanes. Compressive and tensile strength, water absorption capacity and sorptivity of concrete made with and without an admixture of non-cyclic alkanes has been analysed. The paraffin enriched concretes have been made with 1% (C1F and C1C) and 3% (C3F and C3C) volume addition of paraffin wax. The paraffin wax has been used in two grades of comminution: fine (FP) in CxF concretes and coarse (CP) in CxC concretes. A significant (35%) loss of compressive strength of concretes with admixtures has been noticed and no loss in tensile strength was observed. Up to 25% of water absorption capacity reduction and irrefutable (8 times) sorptivity reduction has been also noticed, but only in the case of concrete made with admixture of FP.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characteristic and Water Absorption Property of Bio Composite from Sago Starch and Jute Fiber (Boehmeria Nivea) as the filler

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Rozanna Dewi ◽  
Oktaviani Oktaviani ◽  
Zainuddin Ginting ◽  
Novi Sylvia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Water Absorption Property

Environmentally friendly plastics can be degraded biologically in an anaerobic environment. This plastic is synthesized from starch such as sago starch which is available in abundance. In the form of bioplastics, its mechanical properties are still not compared to conventional plastics derived from crude oil, so its application is limited. The incorporation of filler material increases its mechanical properties, one of the selected fillers is hemp fiber as used in this study. Thermoplastic starch from sago with flax fiber as a filler and the addition of Polypropylene to improve mechanical properties with a certain composition to maintain its natural biodegradability. The mechanical properties analyzed were tensile strength, elongation and modulus of elasticity. Water absorption tests were also carried out to observe the water resistance properties. The results of the tensile strength test showed that the best tensile strength value of 9.32 Mpa was obtained at the addition of 35% fiber with a TPS: PP ratio of 1:1.5. The same conditions were obtained for the percent elongation with the results of 10.16% and the modulus of elasticity was 91.73 Mpa. Water absorption showed that 55% filler gave the lowest water     absorption, namely 4.41% at a ratio of TPS: PP 1:0.5. The addition of fiber filler into the bio-composite affects the tensile strength,    elongation and modulus of elasticity, the higher the volume of filler entering the bio-composite, the lower the value of tensile strength, elongation and modulus of elasticity, or vice versa. The ratio of addition of polypropylene matrix is also influential, the higher the ratio contributes to the tensile strength, elongation and higher modulus of elasticity. High water absorption capacity will reduce the performance of biocomposite, so the lower the water absorption ability, the better the quality of the biocomposite product and the wider its application

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT DURIAN (Durio zibethinus) DAN KULIT CEMPEDAK (Artocarpus integer) SEBAGAI EDIBLE FILM

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desi Mustika Amaliyah
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Yield Result ◽  
Pre Treatment

Durian (Durio zibethinus) and cempedak (Artocarpus integer) peels waste are not used by the society. The research aim is to extract pectin from durian and cempedak peels and to formulate the pectin into edible films for food packaging. The research stages were first pre-treatment of durian and cempedak peels, pectin extraction, pectin drying, and  pectin application as edible films with concentration of 0%, 5%, and 15%. Based on this research it was concluded that pectin can be extracted from durian and cempedak peels with yield result of 27.97 % and 55.58 %, respectively. Edible film obtained has  similar characteristics between raw materials cempedak and durian peels. The higher concentration of cempedak peel  pectin increased the thickness, but decreased the tensile strength and elongation at a concentration of 15%. While in edible films from durian peel pectin, the higher concentration of pectin decreased the thickness of edible film on pectin concentration of 15%, lowered tensile strength and raised the edible film elongation.Keywords: waste, durian, cempedak, pectin extraction, edible film

scholarly journals Effects of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hybrid natural fibre/phenol formaldehyde composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sekar Sanjeevi ◽  
Vigneshwaran Shanmugam ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Velmurugan Ganesan ◽  
Gabriel Sas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Dry Conditions

AbstractThis investigation is carried out to understand the effects of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hybrid phenol formaldehyde (PF) composite fabricated with Areca Fine Fibres (AFFs) and Calotropis Gigantea Fibre (CGF). Hybrid CGF/AFF/PF composites were manufactured using the hand layup technique at varying weight percentages of fibre reinforcement (25, 35 and 45%). Hybrid composite having 35 wt.% showed better mechanical properties (tensile strength ca. 59 MPa, flexural strength ca. 73 MPa and impact strength 1.43 kJ/m2) under wet and dry conditions as compared to the other hybrid composites. In general, the inclusion of the fibres enhanced the mechanical properties of neat PF. Increase in the fibre content increased the water absorption, however, after 120 h of immersion, all the composites attained an equilibrium state.

scholarly journals Influence of Alumina Nanofibers Sintered by the Spark Plasma Method on Nickel Mechanical Properties

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Agureev ◽  
Valeriy Kostikov ◽  
Zhanna Eremeeva ◽  
Svetlana Savushkina ◽  
Boris Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Average Size

The article presents the study of alumina nanoparticles’ (nanofibers) concentration effect on the strength properties of pure nickel. The samples were obtained by spark plasma sintering of previously mechanically activated metal powders. The dependence of the grain size and the relative density of compacts on the number of nanofibers was investigated. It was found that with an increase in the concentration of nanofibers, the average size of the matrix particles decreased. The effects of the nanoparticle concentration (0.01–0.1 wt.%) on the elastic modulus and tensile strength were determined for materials at 25 °C, 400 °C, and 750 °C. It was shown that with an increase in the concentration of nanofibers, a 10–40% increase in the elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength occurred. A comparison of the mechanical properties of nickel in a wide range of temperatures, obtained in this work with materials made by various technologies, is carried out. A description of nanofibers’ mechanisms of influence on the structure and mechanical properties of nickel is given. The possible impact of impurity phases on the properties of nickel is estimated. The tendency of changes in the mechanical properties of nickel, depending on the concentration of nanofibers, is shown.

scholarly journals Numerical Studies of the Effects of Water Capsules on Self-Healing Efficiency and Mechanical Properties in Cementitious Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoliang Huang ◽  
Guang Ye
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Healing Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

In this research, self-healing due to further hydration of unhydrated cement particles is taken as an example for investigating the effects of capsules on the self-healing efficiency and mechanical properties of cementitious materials. The efficiency of supply of water by using capsules as a function of capsule dosages and sizes was determined numerically. By knowing the amount of water supplied via capsules, the efficiency of self-healing due to further hydration of unhydrated cement was quantified. In addition, the impact of capsules on mechanical properties was investigated numerically. The amount of released water increases with the dosage of capsules at different slops as the size of capsules varies. Concerning the best efficiency of self-healing, the optimizing size of capsules is 6.5 mm for capsule dosages of 3%, 5%, and 7%, respectively. Both elastic modulus and tensile strength of cementitious materials decrease with the increase of capsule. The decreasing tendency of tensile strength is larger than that of elastic modulus. However, it was found that the increase of positive effect (the capacity of inducing self-healing) of capsules is larger than that of negative effects (decreasing mechanical properties) when the dosage of capsules increases.

Graphite/Bio-Based Epoxy Composites: The Mechanical Properties Interface

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus ◽  
Nur Munirah Abdullah ◽  
M.F.L. Abdullah ◽  
M. Izzul Faiz Idris
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Dispersion Condition ◽  
Strong Interfacial Bonding

Graphite reinforced bio-based epoxy composites with different particulate fractions of graphite were investigated for mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elastic modulus and elongation at break. The graphite content was varied from 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 25 wt.%, 30 wt.% by weight percent in the composites. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the composites mainly depend on dispersion condition of the treated graphite filler, aggregate structure and strong interfacial bonding between treated graphite in the bio-based epoxy matrix. The composites showed improved tensile strength and elastic modulus with increase treated graphite weight loading. This also revealed the composites with increasing filler content was decreasing the elongation at break.

Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Structural Adhesives

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 814-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Deng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Joint Specimen ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Better Than

One of the greatest drawbacks to predicting the behaviour of bonded joints has been the lack of reliable data on the mechanical properties of adhesives. In this study, methods for determining mechanical properties of structural adhesive were discussed. The Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and tensile strength of the adhesive were tested by dogbone specimens (bulk form) and butt joint specimens (in situ form). The shear modulus and shear strength were test by V-notched specimens (bulk form) and thick adherend lap-shear (TALS) joint specimens (in situ form). The test results show that the elastic modulus provided by the manufacturer is too low, the dogbone specimen is better than the butt joint specimen to test the tensile strength and elastic modulus and the TALS joint specimen is better than the V-notched specimen to test the shear strength.

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