scholarly journals Visual Encryption Using Block based Scrambling Followed by Affine Encryption Technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 579-583
Author(s):  
Durgesh Kumar Maurya ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Pathak ◽  
Komal Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Prime Numbers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Adjacent Pixel ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Pixel Correlation

This article reports the Block based cipher concept followed by the affine cipher technique. The Image considered was grouped into squared (16, 32 and 64) pixel blocks then each column was shifted by specific values. These values were randomly generated prime numbers and worked as the key for scrambling. These images were investigated for their quality of scrambling using histogram and adjacent pixel correlation. The adjacent pixel correlations for 16, 32 and 64 pixel-based ciphered images were found as 0.7907, 0.7292, and 0.4783 respectively. The analysis gave the information that the level of scrambling was not satisfactory, therefore; the affine cipher technique was applied to each of the images. These images were converted into the matrix format and each element was transformed using the affine cipher. This transformed matrix is again converted inform from the image to visualize. The Histogram and adjacent pixel correction for these images were much improved.

Effect of mechanical restraint on the rate of corrosion in concrete

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Hearn ◽  
J Aiello
Keyword(s):  
Mix Design ◽  
Concrete Repair ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion Tests ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Relationship

Experimental work on prismatic concrete specimens was conducted to determine the relationship between mechanical restraint and the rate of corrosion. The current together with the changes in strain of the confining frame were monitored during the accelerated corrosion tests. The effect of mix design and cracking on the corrosion rates was also investigated. The results show that one-dimensional mechanical restraint retards the corrosion process, as indicated by the reduction in the steel loss. Improved quality of the matrix, with and without cracking, reduces the rate of steel loss. In the inferior quality concrete, the effect of cracking on the corrosion rate is minimal.Key words: corrosion, concrete, repair.

scholarly journals Microencapsulation of Flaxseed Oil—State of Art

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Asma Yakdhane ◽  
Sabrine Labidi ◽  
Donia Chaabane ◽  
Anita Tolnay ◽  
Arijit Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
The Matrix

Microencapsulation is a well-known technology for the lipid delivery system. It prevents the oxidation of fatty acids and maintains the quality of lipid after extraction from oil seed and processing. In flaxseed oil, the amount of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids are 39.90–60.42% and 12.25–17.44%, respectively. A comprehensive review article on the microencapsulation of flaxseed oil has not been published yet. Realizing the great advantages of flaxseed oil, information about different technologies related to the microencapsulation of flaxseed oil and their characteristics are discussed in a comprehensive way, in this review article. To prepare the microcapsule of flaxseed oil, an emulsion of oil-water is performed along with a wall material (matrix), followed by drying with a spray-dryer or freeze-dryer. Different matrices, such as plant and animal-based proteins, maltodextrin, gum Arabic, and modified starch are used for the encapsulation of flaxseed oil. In some cases, emulsifiers, such as Tween 80 and soya lecithin are used to prepare flaxseed oil microcapsules. Physico-chemical and bio-chemical characteristics of flaxseed oil microcapsules depend on process parameters, ratio of oil and matrix, and characteristics of the matrix. As an example, the size of the microcapsule, prepared with spray-drying and freeze-drying ranges between 10–400 and 20–5000 μm, respectively. It may be considered that the comprehensive information on the encapsulation of flaxseed oil will boost the development of functional foods and biopharmaceuticals.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS BADAN USAHA MILIK PETANI (BUMP) PT PADI ENERGI PROKLAMASI DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG, JAWA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doni Sahat Tua Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
Weighted Score ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Currently some areas of Indonesia are being developed Badan Usaha Milik Petani (BUMP) as a form of institutional agribusiness, especially in the central area of rice production. Karawang regency is one of the regions in Indonesia who have great potential in rice production. BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi is one that stands in the Karawang regency, West Java. This research aims to identify environmental external factors into opportunities and threats as well as the company's internal environmental factors that the company's strengths and weaknesses, formulate alternative strategies that the company can run according to environmental conditions and analyze the company's strategic priorities that can be run by enterprises in accordance with the company's environmental conditions. Data analysis was carried out qualitative and quantitative descriptive with EFE matrix-IFE, IE Matrix, SWOT matrix and QSPM. EFE matrix evaluation results in a score of 3.148 indicates that the BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi respond both opportunities and threats that exist in the industry well. Based on the matrix IFE total weighted score is 3.684. The results obtained from processing QSPM priority strategies that can be run by BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi is improving the quality of services to members through the existing facilities and infrastructure as well as government policies and others who support the business with the highest value that is equal to TAS 7.147. Keywords : Strategy, Institutional Agribusiness, BUMP PT Padi Energi Proklamasi

scholarly journals Investigation of Effective Mechanical Characteristics of Nanomodified Carbon-Epoxide Composite by Numerical and Analytical Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-541
Author(s):  
M.O. Kaptakov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Fullerene Soot ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Numerical And Analytical Methods ◽  
Composite Samples

In this work, the mechanical properties of composite samples prepared using a conventional and nanomodified matrix were studied. The thickness of the monolayers in the samples was 0,2 μm. It was found in experiments, that the addition of fullerene soot as a nanomodifierled to an increase in the mechanical properties of the samples along the direction of reinforcement. At the same time, an improvement in the quality of the contact of the matrix with the fibers in the samples with the nanomodifier was observed: on the fracture surface, the nanomodified matrix envelops the fibers, while the usual matrix completely exfoliates. The obtained effects of changing the strength of composites can be associated, among other things, with a change in the level of residual stresses arising in composites during nanomodification. Analytical and numerical modeling methods are used to explain these effects.

Short Carbon Fibers Composites With High Filler Contents Rheology and Mechanical Properties

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Schmitt ◽  
C. Paulick ◽  
Y. Bour ◽  
F. X. Royer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Complex Geometries ◽  
Small Ratio ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Short Carbon

Abstract The control of the quality of mixture based on very short carbon fibers and epoxyde resins leads to suitable mixture for molding of complex geometries. A gain in fluidity is obtained if the suspensions are treated by ultrasounds and simultaneously stirred under vacuum. Addition in a very small ratio of microbubbles in the mixture allows to obtain a viscosity less than those of the matrix alone. For many polymer materials the gain of fluidity can be of 20 to 25% with size and concentration of the microspheres thoroughly chosen. A certain number of new resins is developped to elaborate composite materials with specific mechanical properties close to standard aluminium. Tensile test an ultimate stress are used to quantify the improvements of the mechanical properties. Fillers concentrations up to 30 % are obtained.

Knowledge-Intensive Entrepreneurship in the Economy of the European Union

2014 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
G. Olevsky
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Eu

The article studies role of knowledge in business and analyzes tendencies of the formation of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (business) in the EU. It is shown that for small and medium-sized enterprises prospects of expansion of knowledge production and sales of products and services are associated with the internationalization of business. The author proposes the matrix of decision-making entrepreneurs, depending on the completeness and quality of information at their disposal on the market.

Grid Quality Measures for PEBI Grids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Mishev ◽  
Ruslan Rin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Approximation Properties ◽  
Approximation Quality ◽  
Flux Approximation ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Eventual Loss ◽  
Dynamic Measures ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Combining the Perpendicular Bisector (PEBI) grids with the Two Point Flux Approximation (TPFA) scheme demonstrates a potential to accurately model on unstructured grids, conforming to the geological and engineering features of real grids. However, with the increased complexity and resolution of the grids, the PEBI conditions will inevitably be violated in some cells and the approximation properties will be compromised. The objective is to develop accurate and practical grid quality measures that quantify such errors. We critically evaluated the existing grid quality measures and found them lacking predictive power in several areas. The available k-orthogonality measures predict error for flow along the strata, although TPFA provides an accurate approximation. The false-positive results are not only misleading but can overwhelm further analysis. We developed the so-called "truncation error" grid measure which is probably the most accurate measure for flow through a plane face and accurately measures the error along the strata. We also quantified the error due to the face curvature. Curved faces are bound to exist in any real grid. The impact of the quality of the 2-D Delaunay triangulation on TPFA approximation properties is usually not taken into account. We investigate the impact of the size of the smallest angles that can cause considerable increase of the condition number of the matrix and an eventual loss of accuracy, demonstrated with simple examples. Based on the analysis, we provide recommendations. We also show how the size of the largest angles impacts the approximation quality of TPFA. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of the change of the permeability on the TPFA approximation. Finally, we present simple tools that reservoir engineers can use to incorporate the above-mentioned grid quality measures into a workflow. The grid quality measures discussed up to now are static. We also sketch the further extension to dynamic measures, that is, how the static measures can be used to detect change in the flow behavior, potentially leading to increased error. We investigate a comprehensive set of methods, several of them new, to measure the static grid quality of TPFA on PEBI grids and possible extension to dynamic measures. All measures can be easily implemented in production reservoir simulators and examined using the suggested tools in a workflow.

Business Support as Ongoing Policy Helping Permanency Companies in the State of Colima in Mexico

2017 ◽  
pp. 404-415
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽  
José Octavio Estrada Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
The State ◽  
Sequential Design ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Continuous Support ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Start Ups

The objective of this chapter is to propose the implementation of a plan of continuous support from the government of the State of Colima in Mexico to start-ups and micro-enterprises classified as belonging to the trade and services sector, policy public, to increase the economic units that manage to stay beyond three years and thereby derive social benefits such as employment generation, greater wealth and improving the quality of life of the population of the state. This proposal is given based on the sequential design procedure policies. The method used is the analysis of the national situation. It can be concluded from the analysis on the proposal for a design process of public policy based on the matrix of policy alternatives under the assumption that continuity and permanence of the companies will be positively impacted in the current rates of survival if companies born have the support of the government.

Denoising Ultrasound Medical Images

2017 ◽  
pp. 761-775
Author(s):  
A.S.C.S. Sastry ◽  
P.V.V. Kishore ◽  
Ch. Raghava Prasad ◽  
M.V.D. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Speckle Noise ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Medical Ultrasound ◽  
Soft Thresholding ◽  
Block Based

Medical ultrasound imaging has revolutioned the diagnostics of human body in the last few decades. The major drawback of ultrasound medical images is speckle noise. Speckle noise in ultrasound images is because of multiple reflections of ultrasound waves from hard tissues. Speckle noise degrades the medical ultrasound images lessening the visible quality of the image. The aim of this paper is to improve the image quality of ultrasound medical images by applying block based hard and soft thresholding on wavelet coefficients. Medical ultrasound image transformation to wavelet domain uses debauchee's mother wavelet. Divide the approximate and detailed coefficients into uniform blocks of size 8×8, 16×16, 32×32 and 64×64. Hard and soft thresholding on these blocks of approximate and detailed coefficients reduces speckle noise. Inverse transformation to original spatial domain produces a noise reduced ultrasound image. Experiments on medical ultrasound images obtained from diagnostic centers in Vijayawada, India show good improvements to ultrasound images visually. Quality of improved images in measured using peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), image quality index (IQI), structural similarity index (SSIM).

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