scholarly journals In vitro antagonistic activity of Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from soils of the Yucatan Peninsula against Macrophomina phaseolina and Meloidogyne incognita

Phyton ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Ruiz SE ◽  
AJ Crist骲al ◽  
RA Reyes ◽  
SJ Tun ◽  
RA Garc韆 ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula

Characterization of an antifungal soil bacterium and its antagonistic activities againstFusariumspecies

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiu-Kwok Chan ◽  
Wayne A McCormick ◽  
Keith A Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Head Blight

Bacteria were isolated from a cultivated soil and screened for antagonistic activity against Fusarium graminearum, a predominant agent of ear rot and head blight in cereal crops. Based on its in vitro effectiveness, isolate D1/2 was selected for characterization and identified as a strain of Bacillus subtilis by phenotypic tests and comparative analysis of its 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) sequence. It inhibited the mycelial growth of a collection of common fungal phytopathogens, including eight Fusarium species, three other ascomycetes, and one basidiomycete. The cell-free culture filtrate of D1/2 at different dilutions was active against macroconidium germination and hyphal growth of F. graminearum, depending on the initial macroconidium density. It induced the formation of swollen hyphal cells in liquid cultures of this fungus grown from macroconidia. A bioassay also demonstrated that D1/2 offered in planta protection against the damping-off disease in alfalfa seedlings caused by F. graminearum, while the type strain of B. subtilis was ineffective. Hence, B. subtilis D1/2 or its culture filtrate has potential application in controlling plant diseases caused by Fusarium.Key words: antifungal activity, Bacillus subtilis, biological control, biopesticide, Fusarium species.

scholarly journals BIOCONTROLE DE Macrophomina phaseolina E PROMOÇÃO DO CRESCIMENTO NA CULTURA DO GIRASSOL COM O USO DE Trichoderma sp. E RIZOBACTÉRIAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelrilene Pereira da Silva ◽  
Marta Cristina Corsi de Filippi ◽  
Fábio José Gonçalves ◽  
Alan Carlos Alves de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp

Fungos fitopatogênicos habitantes do solo como Macrophomina phaseolina são de difícil controle, principalmente por formarem estruturas de resistência. Por se tratar de uma espécie polífaga, faz-se necessário realizar estudos para se obter diferentes formas efetivas de controle. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a eficiência de microrganismos benéficos no controle biológico de M. phaseolina, e na promoção de crescimento à cultura do girassol. A presente pesquisa foi realizada em duas etapas, uma com ensaio in vitro e outra com ensaio in vivo. O ensaio in vitro foi conduzido no laboratório de análises microbiológicas AgroLab, onde realizou-se teste de pareamento de culturas com seis tratamentos e três repetições, sendo, (T1 - Trichoderma sp. + patógeno; T2 - Bacillus sp. + patógeno; T3 – B. pyrrocinia + patógeno; T4 – P. fluorescens + patógeno; T5 – B. subtilis + patógeno e T6 - somente o patógeno), avaliou-se a ocorrência de antibiose e selecionou-se os isolados mais promissores para o ensaio in vivo. O ensaio in vivo foi realizado na Unidade Experimental do laboratório AgroLab, em recipientes de 400 mL, em cultivo protegido, sendo conduzido em Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado com cinco tratamentos (T1 – controle; T2 - Trichodermil®; T3 - Trichoderma sp.; T4 - B. pyrrocinia e T5 - B. subtilis) em oito repetições. Foram avaliados a capacidade dos bioagentes em suprimir a severidade da doença e, sua eficiência como promotores de crescimento para a cultura do girassol. Os parâmetros avaliados nas análises de crescimento foram: comprimento de raiz e parte aérea e, biomassa da raiz e parte aérea. Os resultados mostraram diferença significativa entre si pelo teste de F (p < 0,05). Nos testes in vitro, os isolados de Trichoderma sp., Bacillus subtilis e B. pyrrocinia reportaram melhor atividade antagônica com 10,93%, 10,26% e 3,71% de inibição do crescimento micelial do patógeno, respectivamente. Na promoção de crescimento todos os tratamentos promoveram maior comprimento da raiz e aumento da biomassa da parte aérea. Não houve diferença significativa para comprimento da parte aérea em relação a testemunha, e os isolados de B. subtilis, B. pyrrocinia e Trichoderma sp. apresentaram maior biomassa da raiz. Na severidade da doença os tratamentos com B. subtilis, B. pyrrocinia, Trichoderma sp. e Trichodermil®, apresentaram 90,5%, 81,0%, 81,0% e 62,5% de supressão do patógeno, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que estes microrganismos apresentam potencial como promotores de crescimento e biocontroladores da doença, podendo tornar-se técnica viável a ser inserida ao Manejo Integrado de Doenças.

scholarly journals POTENCIAL ANTAGONÍSTICO DO ISOLADO BACTERIANO (BSV- 05) CONTRA OS PATÓGENOS RADICULARES DO FEIJOEIRO: Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, Macrophomina phaseolina e Rhizoctonia solani

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Sérgio Vieira ◽  
Hyann Markos Pereira Vieira ◽  
Luciana Alves de Sousa ◽  
Karoline Damasceno Ribeiro de Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
E 92

<p>Durante uma seleção de bactérias antagonistas realizada no Laboratório de Microbiologia e Fitopatologia da UFU, o isolado de <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, BSV – 05 se destacou. Diante disso, objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar o potencial antagonístico <em>in vitro</em> deste isolado bacteriano contra quatro patógenos radiculares do feijoeiro: <em>Fusarium solani </em>f. sp. <em>phaseoli, Fusarium oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>phaseoli, Macrophomina phaseolina </em>e <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>. Foram utilizadas as seguintes metodologias <em>in vitro </em>versus os patógenos citados:<em> </em>cultivo pareado, influência da inoculação conjunta, produção de metabolitos voláteis e não voláteis. Os percentuais de inibição do isolado BSV – 05 sobre <em>M. phaseolina, R. solani, F. solani,</em> <em>F. oxysporum</em>, foram de 61,43%; 50,36%; 13,74% e 7,7%, respectivamente, para a metodologia do cultivo pareado. O contato direto da bactéria com os patógenos inibiu em 100% o crescimento micelial de <em>M. phaseolina, R. solani</em>; e para <em>F. solani </em>e <em>F. oxysporum</em>, foram observadas inibições de 90 e 92 %, respectivamente. Possíveis metabólitos secretados pelo isolado BSV 05 apresentaram níveis de inibição de 100% para <em>R. solani</em>. Para <em>M. phaseolina</em>, observou-se uma porcentagem de inibição de 80,26%, e 45,31% e 47,80% para <em>F. solani </em>e <em>F. oxysporum</em>, respectivamente. A porcentagem de inibição da germinação de conídios de <em>F. solani </em>e <em>F. oxysporum </em>e<em> M. phaseolina</em> num meio de cultura contendo substâncias metabolizadas por BSV – 05 foi de 87,70; 91,28% e 100%, respectivamente. O isolado bacteriano BSV-05 não apresentou produzir nenhum metabólito volátil.</p>

scholarly journals Detection of novel and recognized RNA viruses in mosquitoes from the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico using metagenomics and characterization of their in vitro host ranges

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1729-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jermilia Charles ◽  
Chandra S. Tangudu ◽  
Stefanie L. Hurt ◽  
Charlotte Tumescheit ◽  
Andrew E. Firth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula

In vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity of native plants from the Yucatan Peninsula

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glendy Polanco-Hernández ◽  
Fabiola Escalante-Erosa ◽  
Karlina García-Sosa ◽  
Karla Acosta-Viana ◽  
Manuel J. Chan-Bacab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Plants ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Trypanocidal Activity ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula

Evaluation of Trichoderma virens and Burkholderia cepacia for antagonistic activity against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 871-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Massoud ◽  
Susan L.F. Meyer ◽  
Daniel Roberts ◽  
David Chitwood
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Trichoderma Virens ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Stage Juvenile

AbstractThe bacterium Burkholderia cepacia (strain Bc-2) and the fungus Trichoderma virens (strain Gl-3) were investigated for activity against the nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Culture filtrates from Bc-2 and Gl-3 contained extracellular factors that inhibited egg hatch and second-stage juvenile (J2) mobility. Size fractionation results and lack of detectable chitinase or protease activities from Bc-2 and Gl-3 culture filtrates suggested that the inhibitory factors in the in vitro assays were non-enzymic. Tomato root explant cultures of M. incognita treated with T.virens culture filtrate had 42% fewer eggs and J2 per g of roots than cultures treated with control medium that had not been inoculated with T. virens. In glasshouse tests with tomato, Bc-2 and Gl-3 were applied individually as seed coatings and as root drenches in both viable and non-viable formulations. At the 65-day harvest, non-viable B. cepacia was the only treatment that suppressed eggs and J2 per g of roots (29% suppression) compared to water controls. Evaluation de l'activité antagoniste de Trichoderma virens et Burkholderia cepacia envers le nématode Meloidogyne incognita - La bactérie Burkholderia cepacia (souche Bc-2) et le champignon Trichoderma virens (souche G1-3) ont été étudiés dans l'optique de leur action envers le nématode Meloidogyne incognita. Les filtrats de culture de Bc-2 et de G1-3 contiennent des facteurs extracellulaires inhibant l'éclosion et la motilité des juvéniles de deuxième stade (J2) du nématode. Les résultats de fractionnements relatifs à la taille et la nondétection d'une activité chitinasique ou protéasique dans les filtrats de culture de Bc-2 et G1-3 suggèrent que les facteurs inhibant présents lors des expériences in vitro ne sont pas de nature enzymatique. Des élevages de M. incognita sur explants de racines de tomate traités avec des filtrats de culture de T. virens produisent des oeufs et des J2 en nombre inférieur de 42% à celui d'élevages traités par un milieu témoin, non inoculé avec T. virens. Lors d'essais en serre sur tomate, Bc-2 et G1-3 ont été appliqués séparément, soit en pralinage des semences, soit sur la tranchée, et en formulation vivante ou non-vivante. A la récolte, après 65 jours, la formulation non-vivante de B. cepacia s'est révélée le seul traitement diminuant le nombre d'oeufs et de J2 par g de racines: moins 29% par rapport au témoin ne contenant que de l'eau.

scholarly journals The activity of native Bacillus subtilis strains in control of green mould disease of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Ivana Potocnik ◽  
Svetlana Milijasevic-Marcic ◽  
Olja Stanojevic ◽  
Tanja Beric ◽  
Slavisa Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Mushroom Production ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Green Mould ◽  
Antagonistic Potential

The study aimed to isolate potential biocontrol agents from mushroom substrate that could serve as an alternative to toxic chemicals commonly used for disease control in mushroom production. The antagonistic potential of ten native Bacillus subtilis strains against the causal agents of green mould disease of oyster mushroom, Trichoderma pleuroti and Trichoderma pleuroticola, was evaluated. The antagonistic potential of Bacillus spp. strains was quantified in vitro based on dual cultivation with the pathogen. Growth inhibition of T. pleuroti ranged from 54.44% to 62.22% and no significant differences in antagonistic activity were found between the tested B. subtilis strains. Inhibition of T. pleuroticola was slightly higher, ranging from 55.56% to 69.62% and B. subtilis strain B-358 induced the highest growth inhibition. This research confirmed mushroom substrate to be a good source of antagonistic microorganisms with potentials for use in biological control of green mould in oyster mushroom production.

scholarly journals THE IDENTIFICATION, PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NATTOKINASE, BACTERIOCIN FROM BACTERIAL SPECIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Lal Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Wide Range

The study was aimed at identification, production and characterization of nattokinase, bacteriocin from bacterial species. Nattokinase and bacteriocins finds a wide range of applications in Pharmaceutical industry, health care and medicine. Nattokinase is a highly active fibrinolytic enzyme secreted by Bacillus subtilis and bacteriocins are proteinaceous toxins produced by Lactobacillus to inhibit the growth of closely related bacterial strains. Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus isolates shown positive results to microscopic, biochemical analysis.  The nattokinase and bacteriocins were produced by optimizing the media. The enzymes were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and HPLC. The enzyme activity for nattokinase was found at 7 mg/ml, pH 8.0 and temperature 48 ºC and the enzyme activity for bacteriocin was found at 3.9 mg/ml, pH 6.5 and temperature 30 °C. Bacteriocins from Lactobacillus showed good antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria. Nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis played a significant role in thrombolytic and anti-coagulation at in vitro. The results indicated that the pure enzyme has a potential in dissolving blood clot.

scholarly journals Effects of cell suspension and cell·free culture filtrate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the control of root rot-root kont disease complex of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> strain IE-6 was tested for antagonistic activity towards <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i>, the root-knot nematode and soilbome root-infecting fungi viz., <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, <i>Fusarium solani</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Cell-free culture filtrate of the bacterium caused significant reduction in egg hatching of <i>M.javanica</i> and inhibited radial growth of fungi <i>in vitro</i>. Cell-free culture filtrate also caused lyses in mycelium of <i>F.solani</i>. Under greenhouse conditions, soil drenches with the aqueous cell suspension or cell-free culture resulted in a considerable reduction in nematode population densities in soil and subsequent root-knot development due to <i>M.javanica</i>. In addition to nematode control, rhizobacterium application also inhibited root-infection caused by soilborne root~infecting fungi with significant enhancement of growth of tomato seedlings.

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