scholarly journals Relationships of Otolith Dimension with Body Length of European Eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) from Adriatic catchment of Montenegro

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Kanjuh ◽  
Danilo Mrdak
Keyword(s):  
Linear Function ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
European Eel ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Sagittal Otolith ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between the sagittal otolith morphometric variables (length, height and weight) and body growth of the European eel. Eels that were studied ranged in total length from 11.2 to 79.5 cm. The relationships between the sagittal otolith variables and fish somatic growth were described with a non-linear function. The resulting coefficients of determination \((r^2)\) ranged from 0.782 to 0.914. The variable most strongly related to fish size was found to be the sagittal otolith length (OL) with 91.4 % of the variability. The results of this study provide the first comprehensive data regarding the relationship between the sagittal otolith morphometric variables with the body length of Anguilla anguilla.

scholarly journals Seasonal maturation of Glypthelmins vitellinophilum (Trematoda: Digenea) in Lysapsus limellus (Anura: Pseudidae) from an Argentinian subtropical permanent pond

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (1a) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Hamann
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The Body ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Parasite Stage ◽  
Permanent Pond ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
The Relationship

From December 1995 to November 2000, the seasonal maturation of Glypthelmins vitellinophilum Dobbin, 1958, in its definitive host, the frog Lysapsus limellus Cope, 1862, was studied in a subtropical permanent pond in northeastern Argentina. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine the infrapopulation dynamics of the parasite, analyzing the seasonal maturation cycle throughout the years; and 2) to examine the relationship between the intensity of trematode infection in different developmental stages (recruitment, growth and maturation) and the host's body length. Of a total of 1,400 frogs examined over 60 months (5 years), 38% were found to be infected with G. vitellinophilum, and the intensity of infection was 1-15 trematodes per frog. Specimens of G. vitellinophilum were present in L. limellus throughout the years, but did not show a pronounced seasonal maturation cycle. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed with reference to climatic fluctuations and biotic factors. The infective period of the parasite (stage I) occurred in summer, autumn and spring, coinciding with the time each frog cohort appeared. These infections were found principally in small body sizes (classes 1 and 2) of L. limellus. Juvenile and nongravid specimens of worms (stage II and III) were found in frogs of different body sizes throughout the period of investigation. Gravid specimens of the parasite (stage IV) were generally recorded in autumn, winter and spring, mainly in the bodies of larger frogs. The body length of Trematodes in stages I and IV was significantly and positively correlated with that of the frogs.

scholarly journals Factors associated with parasite dominance in fishes from Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Cristina Fernandes do Amarante ◽  
Wagner de Souza Tassinari ◽  
Jose Luis Luque ◽  
Maria Julia Salim Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The present study used regression models to evaluate the existence of factors that may influence the numerical parasite dominance with an epidemiological approximation. A database including 3,746 fish specimens and their respective parasites were used to evaluate the relationship between parasite dominance and biotic characteristics inherent to the studied hosts and the parasite taxa. Multivariate, classical, and mixed effects linear regression models were fitted. The calculations were performed using R software (95% CI). In the fitting of the classical multiple linear regression model, freshwater and planktivorous fish species and body length, as well as the species of the taxa Trematoda, Monogenea, and Hirudinea, were associated with parasite dominance. However, the fitting of the mixed effects model showed that the body length of the host and the species of the taxa Nematoda, Trematoda, Monogenea, Hirudinea, and Crustacea were significantly associated with parasite dominance. Studies that consider specific biological aspects of the hosts and parasites should expand the knowledge regarding factors that influence the numerical dominance of fish in Brazil. The use of a mixed model shows, once again, the importance of the appropriate use of a model correlated with the characteristics of the data to obtain consistent results.

REGULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLASMA CALCIUM AND INORGANIC PHOSPHATE IN THE EUROPEAN EEL (ANGUILLA ANGUILLA L.)

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. O. CHAN ◽  
I. CHESTER JONES
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
European Eel ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Corpuscles Of Stannius ◽  
Freshwater Eel ◽  
Ionic Calcium ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARY The amounts of ionized, complexed and protein-bound calcium and total inorganic phosphate were measured in the plasma of the eel. Groups comprised freshwater, seawater and distilled water eels; treatment with corticotrophin (ACTH), cortisol, aldosterone or oestrogen; adrenalectomized and hypophysectomized eels and those with the corpuscles of Stannius removed. In the intact animal, the amounts of ultrafiltrable and ionic calcium and inorganic phosphate in the plasma were very constant despite wide variation in the electrolyte composition of the external medium. In the freshwater eel, 1 week after removal of the corpuscles of Stannius, there was a rise in the level of ultrafiltrable calcium and a decline in that of inorganic phosphate. At 3 weeks after operation, although total calcium concentration remained elevated, ultrafiltrable and ionic calcium concentrations returned to control values. Adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy of the freshwater eel resulted in a decline in total calcium concentration with change in the levels of ultrafiltrable calcium or inorganic phosphate. In the seawater eel, adrenalectomy or removal of the corpuscles of Stannius resulted in an increase in total and ultrafiltrable calcium concentrations. Injection of ACTH, cortisol or aldosterone did not affect calcium concentrations but gave a slight decline in inorganic phosphate levels. Injection of oestrogen increased total calcium concentration without affecting ultrafiltrable or ionic calcium concentrations. The relationship of the amounts of ultrafiltrable calcium and inorganic phosphate to the solubility product [ultrafiltrable calcium] × [phosphate] is discussed and attention drawn to the importance of protein-binding in calcium homeostasis.

scholarly journals PENGUKURAN PANJANG TUBUH CACING NIPAH PENDEK Namalycastis abiuma (POLYCHAETA: NEREDIDAE) DARI PERAIRAN MANGROVE SUNGAI KAPUAS KALIMANTAN BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Junardi Junardi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

AbstrakCacing Nipah Pendek Namalycastis abiuma memiliki tubuh yang elastis dan mudah putus sehingga diperlukan pendekatan morfometri tubuh lain untuk menentukan panjang tubuh sesungguhnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan panjang tubuh total cacing nipah pendek dengan menggunakan bobot tubuh, jumlah total segmen berseta, panjang tiga segmen anterior pertama (L3) dan lebar segmen berseta atau setiger ke-10 (S-10). Spesimen yang digunakan dipilih hanya individu yang lengkap dan utuh. Pengukuran dilakukan dibawah mikroskop dengan lensa okular yang dilengkapi dengan mikrometer. Data dianalisis dengan analisis korelasi. Cacing yang digunakan sebanyak 258 individu yang terdiri atas 190 immature, 54 submature dan 14 mature dengan ukuran panjang tubuh rata-rata berturut-turut 108,62±34,80 mm, 172,27±42,78 mm dan 123,14±57,40 mm. Cacing betina ditemukan memiliki ukuran tubuh lebih besar dari jantan. Panjang tubuh N. abiuma dapat diduga dengan bobot tubuh, panjang L3 dan lebar S-10 dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) berturut-turut 0,82, 0,73 dan 0,78. Pendekatan morfometri dapat digunakan untuk menentukan ukuran tubuh N. abiuma.Abstract The short nypa palm worm Namalycastis abiuma has an elastic and fragile body. Therefore, an alternative approach of morphometrical techniques is needed to determine the total body length. This research aimed to estimate the total body length of the short nypa palm worm based on body weight, the total number of segments, the length of the first three anterior segment (L3) and the tenth setiger width (S10). Body measurement was done using stereomicroscope fitted with the micrometer. Correlation analysis was done to describe the relationship between the length of L3 and the width of S10. A total of 258 complete and whole specimens consisted of 190 immature, 54 submature, and 14 mature individuals. The average body length of immature individuals was 108.62±34.80 mm, 172.27±42.78 mm for sub mature individuals, and 123.14±57.40 mm for mature individuals. Based on sexual dimorphism, the female body size is larger than male. The body length of N. abiuma can be estimated by body weight, the length of L3, and the  width of S10, with  correlation coefficient (r) of 0.82, 0.73 and 0.78, respectively. Morphometry approach can be used to determine the body size of N. abiuma. 

The relationship between the body shape of living pigs and their carcass morphology and composition

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Doeschl ◽  
D. M. Green ◽  
C. T. Whittemore ◽  
C. P. Schofield ◽  
A. V. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe conformation, tissue composition, and chemical composition of three types of pigs, given food ad libitum and slaughtered over a nominal live weight range of 35 to 115 kg, was assessed in relation to data provided on the live animals by a visual image analysis (VIA) system. The pig types were named as ‘3⁄4 Landrace’, ‘1⁄2 Pietrain’, and ‘1⁄4 Meishan’ types, representing ‘attenuated’, ‘blocky’, and ‘flabby’ types. Three analyses of the shape, conformation and composition data were performed. First, the relationship between conformation and age/size was assessed using linear regression of logarithmically transformed VIA and carcass data. In relation to age, ‘1⁄2 Pietrain’ pigs were found by both VIA and carcass measurements to have the widest shoulders. Both analyses also found this type to have the widest ham, trunk, and shoulders in relation to body length across most of the body length range studied, although the greatest rate of increase in ham width in relation to body length was found in the ‘1/4 Meishan’ type pigs. Second, the relationship between composition and VIA shape was examined using linear regression of transformed and standardized data. Significant relationships were found between fat, lipid, muscle, and protein weight and VIA shape, although relationships were weaker for protein and muscle weight. For fat and lipid, the VIA shape measures from the trunk region proved the most informative, whereas the VIA ham measures proved the most informative for muscle and protein. Third, detrended measures of composition/conformation and shape were used to remove the effect of animal size from the data. Removal of the variation due to growth generally led to substantial decreases in the adjusted R2statistics and in the R2-like statistics for prediction. Although in the models without detrending, relative fat and lipid weight had been found most strongly correlated with VIA shape, relative muscle was found most strongly correlated with shape in the detrended data. This was considered to result from the low between-animal variation in the data set combined with greater across-weight variation in fat and lipid weights than muscle and protein weights in the data without trend removal. Future trials with greater between-animal variation imposed would allow more precise determination of the relationship between conformation and shape.

Sources of Variation in Growth of the European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Estimated from Otoliths

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Panfili ◽  
Marie-Claude Ximénès ◽  
Alain J. Crivelli
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
European Eel ◽  
Otolith Growth ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Natural Pond

Tetracycline labelling of otoliths was used for studying the growth of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla), which has strong individual variability. Two groups of eels were injected with tetracycline and released into a natural pond (Camargue, south of France) in spring 1989 and in autumn 1989. The marginal growth of otoliths between marking (tetracycline mark) and capture (otolith margin) was measured for all fish sampled until spring 1990. Comparisons of otolith growth rates were made according to fish size, age, sex, and growth period (ANCOVA). The results showed a great variability. After 15 mo of growth, the mean growth in length (back-calculated) was 6.6 cm. The three main factors tested, age, sex, and seasonal growth period, had a significant effect on otolith growth and therefore on somatic growth, since the relation between fish length and that of the otolith is highly significant (r2 = 0.802). There was also a very significant effect of size at marking on otolith growth. It is difficult to rank qualitative importance of these various factors, even though there are no interactions among them. The best absolute growth in Mediterranean lagoons could be attained by 2-yr-old female fish growing in the summer months.

scholarly journals Pre-release processes influencing short-term mortality of glass eels in the French eel (Anguilla anguilla, Linnaeus 1758) stocking programme

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Josset ◽  
T. Trancart ◽  
V. Mazel ◽  
F. Charrier ◽  
L. Frotté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
The Body ◽  
European Eel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Good Body Condition ◽  
Short Term Mortality ◽  
Glass Eels

Abstract The decline in the European eel has led the European Union to require that its Member States establish an Eel Management Plan, which includes a set of measures to help preserve and restore the wild eel populations. Stocking has been conducted in France since 2011 as part of this Management Plan. This stocking programme is based on a protocol designed by the French National Museum of Natural History and includes an assessment of the short-term (15 d after release) mortality and three recapture surveys at 6, 12, and 36 months after release. The present study aims to assess the different processes influencing the short-term mortality to provide recommendations to reduce mortality and increase the efficiency of the releases. A linear model was built to examine the different variables selected modelling. The resulting model explained 56.4% of the total deviance; the main factor in terms of explained deviance was the operation (31.2%), which actually includes a number of handling parameters. The other factors influencing the short-term mortality were the release year, the fishmonger that provided the glass eels, the duration of stalling (period of captivity) before release, the body condition, the marking, and the type of mortality test. It appears that some of these variables could be adjusted to reduce the short-term mortality. For instance, selecting the most suitable release sites to stock or selecting glass eels with good body condition, adjusting the duration of stalling, or limiting the marking should help reduce short-term mortality.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of the relationship between stature and ultrasound dimensions of internal organs in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Valerii O. Yerkudov ◽  
Andrey P. Pugovkin ◽  
Aleksej J. Volkov ◽  
Oksana I. Musaeva ◽  
Dmitriy J. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Average Group ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was a comparative characteristic of the size of internal organs according to ultrasonography data in subjects with various deviations in stature, determined using international standardized norms. Materials and methods. The stature was measured in 93 adolescents, aged 13 to 17 years. Based on the measurements, the Z-score of body length was calculated according to the WHO Growth Reference, 2007 and three groups were formed for comparing the sizes of internal organs: average, above average, below average. Ultrasonography data of the internal organs dimensions and thyroid gland was performed using a Toshiba Aplio 500 ultrasound scanner. Results. There were statistically significantly lower values of the liver span and the longitudinal size of the gallbladder in the examined subjects from the below average group compared to the rest of the subjects. The length of the spleen and the total volume of the thyroid gland were statistically significantly different in subjects from all three groups, with the highest values in volunteers from the above average group. A weak direct correlation was shown between the Z-score of body length and liver span, the length of the cauda of the pancreas, and the width of the spleen. An average direct statistical relationship was found between the Z-score of stature and the length of the spleen, as well as the total volume of the thyroid gland. Conclusion. To a greater extent, body length is associated with the size of the parenchymal organs with a pronounced connective tissue frame - the liver and spleen, as well as the thyroid gland due to the relationship of its volume with hormones that regulate growth and development. Clinical substantiation of the relationship between the structure of the body and internal organs opens up the possibility of creating anatomical standards that allow ultrasound morphometric assessment of internal organs, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patients body size.

scholarly journals Predicting body weight from body measurements of pre-pubertal Ayrshire heifers

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi Mäntysaari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Actual Body ◽  
Body Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Actual Body Weight ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between heart girth, wither height, body length and body weight in 3- to 9.5-month-old pre-pubertal Finnish Ayrshire heifers gaining 600-650 g/d was analysed (experiment I). Regression analysis showed that heart girth was the trait most highly correlated to body weight (R2 = 0.969). Including body length or wither height as a second term in the regression, increased R2 values only slightly. When the relationship between heart girth and body weight was used to predict the body weight of heifers reared at two feeding levels (experiment II), the precision of prediction was affected by the plane of nutrition. Actual body weight for a given heart girth was slightly higher on the high than on the low feeding level. It is, nevertheless, concluded that the equations presented in the paper can be used to estimate accurately the body weight of pre-pubertal (95-140-cm heart girth) Ayrshire heifers gaining 550-700 g/d.

scholarly journals BIOREPRODUKSI DAN HUBUNGAN PANJANG-BOBOT TERHADAP FEKUNDITAS PADA IKAN LALAWAK (Barbonymus balleroides)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irin Iriana Kusmini ◽  
Fera Permata Putri ◽  
Vitas Atmadi Prakoso
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gonad Weight ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Egg Diameter ◽  
The Relationship

Eksploitasi ikan lalawak (Barbonymus balleroides) yang berlebihan dari alam mengakibatkan langkanya jenis ikan ini di beberapa perairan aslinya. Sebelum ikan ini diperkenalkan sebagai komoditas budidaya, masih diperlukan lebih banyak lagi informasi mengenai aspek bioreproduksi ikan lalawak yang telah dipelihara pada lingkungan budidaya. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi produktivitas ikan lalawak yang dipelihara pada lingkungan budidaya melalui pengamatan bioreproduksi dan hubungan panjang-bobot terhadap fekunditas. Sampel induk ikan lalawak betina yang diambil sebanyak 15 ekor, kemudian dipilih lima ekor induk betina yang telah matang gonad dengan ciri-ciri seluruh badannya terasa kasar apabila diraba, perut membesar ke arah posterior dan terasa lunak, genital mengembang, serta berwarna kemerahan. Data yang dikoleksi berupa panjang total, bobot badan, bobot gonad, fekunditas, diameter telur, dan indeks kematangan gonadnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kisaran fekunditas ikan lalawak adalah 1.920-2.236 butir/g bobot gonad, dan 83-352 butir/g bobot badan induk dengan rata-rata diameter telur 0,87-1,10 mm. IKG berkisar 3,73%-18,36% dari kisaran bobot induk 85,32-264,8 g. Hubungan antara bobot badan dengan bobot gonad ikan lalawak digambarkan dengan persamaan linear y= 5,829ln (x) + 0,691 (r= 0,874); sedangkan hubungan panjang badan terhadap bobot gonad digambarkan dengan persamaan y= 28,52ln (x) - 38,10 (r= 0,7487). Pada ikan lalawak, hubungan bobot badan dengan fekunditas lebih erat dibandingkan dengan hubungan panjang badan terhadap fekunditas. Hasil pengamatan juga menyimpulkan bahwa ikan lalawak tergolong ikan yang memijah secara parsial.Over-exploitation of lalawak (Barbonymus balleroides) from its natural habitat had significant negative impacts on its availability. Before it is introduced as aquaculture commodity, more information about its reproductive biology in aquaculture environment needs to be well observed. The aim of this study was to determine the productivity of lalawak reared in aquaculture environment through observation of bioreproductionand relationship between fecundity and body length-weight of lalawak. Samplewas randomly taken from fifteen individuals female. From those samples, gonads were taken from five mature females for reproduction observation, by which the mature females were selected following specific criteria such as : their body feels rough if touched;enlarged abdomen posteriorly and felt soft; fluffy and reddish genital. Data collection consisted of measurement of the total length, body weight, gonad weight, fecundity, egg diameter and gonadosomatic index (GSI). The results revealed that the fecundity of lalawak ranged from 1,920 to 2,236 eggs/gof gonad weight and 83 to 352 eggs/g of body weight with average diameters of eggs ranged from 0.869 to 1.10 mm. GSI values ranged from 3.73 to 18.36% of 85.32 to 264.8g of body weight. The relationship between body weight and gonad weight of lalawak was described by the linear equation of y= 5,829ln (x) + 0.691 (r= 0.874), while the body length relationship to the gonad weight was described by the equation of y= 28,52ln (x) - 38.10 (r= 0.7487). Fecundity relationship with body weight of lalawak was closer than the length. The observations also concluded that lalawak is classified as partial spawning.

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