scholarly journals Correlations between geochemical characteristics of source rocks and chemical compositions of crude oils from LD field, block 15-1/05, Cuu Long basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (T3) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Thanh Ngoc Do ◽  
Luan Thi Bui
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
North East

LD field is the second oil discovery on offshore Block 15-1/05, which is located 15 kilometres East-North East of the first discovery (LDN field). The major aim of this study is to evaluate correlations between accumulated hydrocarbons and source rocks of LD structure, in order to verify their potential for generating oil and gas. Therefore, the authors have synthesized and analyzed geochemical and biomarker characteristics, structures, and chemical compositions of crude oils and source rock extracts by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis to interpret hydrocarbon origins of the LD field. Oil samples and source rock hydrocarbon extracts were from LD-1X/LD-1Xst and LD-3X/LD-3Xbis well of the LD field. Based on biomarker distributions, five oil samples as well as nineteen studied extracts from source rocks indicated predominant non-marine algal organic substances as well as contributions of bacterial and higher plant input. Such samples are characterized by the presence of oleananes, high concentration of C27 steranes compared to C29 and C28 steranes, and the presence of 4-methyl C30-steranes low to moderate concentration. Those evidences show that the oil samples are derived from a single source unit.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions of Ligusticum chuanxiong Oil and Lemongrass Oil and Their Joint Action against Aphis citricola van der Goot (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Runqiang Liu ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Zhiqing Ma ◽  
Xing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Joint Action ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Ligusticum Chuanxiong ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Lemongrass Oil ◽  
Aphis Citricola

In order to develop novel botanical insecticides, the joint action of Ligusticum chuanxiong oil (LCO) and lemongrass oil (LO) against Aphis citricola van der Goot was determined systematically indoors and outdoors. The chemical profiles of LCO and LO as determined by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry analysis revealed that main compounds from LCO were Z-Ligustilide (44.58%) and Senkyunolide A (26.92%), and that of LO were geranial (42.16%) and neral (32.58%), respectively. The mixture of LCO and LO showed significant synergy against A. citricola, with a common-toxicity coefficient (CTC) value of 221.46 at the optimal ratio of LCO to LO (4: 1, w/w). Based on the results of solvents and emulsifiers screening, L. Chuanxiong oil · Lemongrass oil 20% emulsifiable concentrate (20% LCO · LO EC) was developed, which was confirmed to meet the requirements of a commercial pesticide by quality test. Field trials indicated that the insecticidal activity of the diluted 20% LCO · LO EC (1000 fold dilution) was comparable to conventional pesticide (20% imidacloprid EC) on A. citricola 7 days after application. Thus, the mixture of LCO and LO has the potential to be further developed as a botanical pesticide.

AGE DETERMINATION OF CRUDE OILS IN THE BARROW SUB- BASIN USING PALAEOCLIMATE RELATED VARIATIONS IN HIGHER PLANT BIOMARKERS

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
B.G.K. van Aarssen ◽  
T.P. Bastow ◽  
R ◽  
Alexander ◽  
R.I. Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Oil Source ◽  
Migration Pathways

Variations in higher-plant-derived biomarkers in sedimentary sequences reflect changes in the palaeoclimatic conditions at the time of deposition. It is thought that changes in climate affect the distribution of higher plant populations growing on the hinterland, thus changing the contribution of these plants into the sediments. These variations can be measured using the abundances of three aromatic hydrocarbons: retene, cadalene and iP-iHMN. This was done for a Jurassic sedimentary sequence from the Koolinda–1 well in the Barrow Sub-basin, The obtained profile was related to an absolute time-scale. Measurement of the higher-plant-derived biomarkers in crude oils from the Barrow Sub-basin enabled accurate measurement of the age of their source rocks by using the Koolinda–1 profile as a reference. Most of these oils correlate with the Jurassic W. spectabilis dinoflagellate zone in the Oxfordian. Within this zone the oils fall into four age groups, reflecting four oil-prone intervals each separated by approximately 0.2 My. The oils that have been generated from each group can be found in specific reservoirs in the sub-basin, showing a pattern of migration away from the depocentre with decreasing age of the source rock. This method of determining the source rock age of crude oils enables detailed oil-source rock correlations. On a basin-wide scale it can provide insight into the location of major source rocks and migration pathways.

scholarly journals Assessment of the explosive chamber in the projector system of Hayabusa2 for asteroid sampling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Takano ◽  
Keita Yamada ◽  
Chisato Okamoto (Deceased) ◽  
Hirotaka Sawada ◽  
Ryuji Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Sampling Operation ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Future Sample

Abstract We report an assessment of the explosive chamber in the projector system used during the sampling operation of the Hayabusa2 project at the surface of the C-type asteroid Ryugu. Although the explosion process was designed as a closed system (cf. Sawada et al., Space Sci. Rev., 2017), volatile combustion gases and semivolatile organics were produced together with quenched carbonaceous products. The chemical compositions of the gases, organics, and inorganics were investigated in the screening analysis. A solid-phase microextraction technique and thermal desorption coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed that aliphatic ( three rings > four rings, resulting in abiogenic molecular patterns. The most intense inorganic fingerprints were due to potassium (K + ) and chloride (Cl – ) ions derived from the initial KTB explosive and RK ignition charge. We discuss quality control and quality assurance issues applicable to future sample processes during the Hayabusa2 project.

scholarly journals Chemical assessment of the explosive chamber in the projector system of Hayabusa2 for asteroid sampling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Takano ◽  
Keita Yamada ◽  
Chisato Okamoto (Deceased) ◽  
Hirotaka Sawada ◽  
Ryuji Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Sampling Operation ◽  
Chemical Assessment ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Abstract We report a chemical assessment of the explosive chamber in the projector system used during the sampling operation of the Hayabusa2 project at the surface of the C-type asteroid Ryugu. Although the explosion process was designed as a closed system (cf. Sawada et al., Space Sci. Rev., 2017), volatile combustion gases and semivolatile organics were produced together with quenched carbonaceous product. The chemical compositions of the gases, organics, and inorganics were investigated in the screening analysis. A solid-phase microextraction technique and thermal desorption coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed that aliphatic (<C20 n-alkanes) and aromatic (<pyrene) hydrocarbons were produced in the closed chamber system. The aromatic ring compositions of the latter showed a semilogarithmic decrease: one ring > two rings > three rings > four rings, resulting in abiogenic molecular patterns. The most intense inorganic fingerprints were due to potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl–) ions derived from the initial KTB explosive and RK ignition charge. We discuss quality control and quality assurance issues applicable to future sample processes during the Hayabusa2 project.

Spectrophotometry Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Hamilton Harbour Sediments

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P. Murphy ◽  
H. Brouwer ◽  
M.E. Fox ◽  
E. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Hamilton Harbour

Abstract Eighty-one sediment cores were collected to determine the extent of coal tar contamination in a toxic area of Hamilton Harbour. Over 800 samples were analyzed by a UV spectrophotometric technique that was standardized with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The coal tar distribution was variable. The highest concentrations were near the Stelco outfalls and the Hamilton-Wentworth combined sewer outfalls. The total concentration of the 16 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 48,300 m3 of near-surface sediments exceeded 200 µg/g.

scholarly journals Effective source rock selection and oil–source correlation in the Western Slope of the northern Songliao Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-415
Author(s):  
He Bi ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Yun Jiang ◽  
Jing-Jing Fan ◽  
Xiao-Yue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Oil Source

AbstractThis study considers the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Yaojia Formation, and the first member of the Nenjiang Formation in the Western Slope of the northern Songliao Basin. Dark mudstone with high abundances of organic matter of Gulong and Qijia sags are considered to be significant source rocks in the study area. To evaluate their development characteristics, differences and effectiveness, geochemical parameters are analyzed. One-dimensional basin modeling and hydrocarbon evolution are also applied to discuss the effectiveness of source rocks. Through the biomarker characteristics, the source–source, oil–oil, and oil–source correlations are assessed and the sources of crude oils in different rock units are determined. Based on the results, Gulong and Qijia source rocks have different organic matter primarily detrived from mixed sources and plankton, respectively. Gulong source rock has higher thermal evolution degree than Qijia source rock. The biomarker parameters of the source rocks are compared with 31 crude oil samples. The studied crude oils can be divided into two groups. The oil–source correlations show that group I oils from Qing II–III, Yao I, and Yao II–III members were probably derived from Gulong source rock and that only group II oils from Nen I member were derived from Qijia source rock.

scholarly journals Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of fenvalerate by Citrobacter freundii CD-9

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Tang ◽  
Dan Lei ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Qiong Hu ◽  
Qing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

Abstract Fenvalerate is a pyrethroid insecticide with rapid action, strong targeting, broad spectrum, and high efficiency. However, continued use of fenvalerate has resulted in its widespread presence as a pollutant in surface streams and soils, causing serious environmental pollution. Pesticide residues in the soil are closely related to food safety, yet little is known regarding the kinetics and metabolic behaviors of fenvalerate. In this study, a fenvalerate-degrading microbial strain, CD-9, isolated from factory sludge, was identified as Citrobacter freundii based on morphological, physio-biochemical, and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Response surface methodology analysis showed that the optimum conditions for fenvalerate degradation by CD-9 were pH 6.3, substrate concentration 77 mg/L, and inoculum amount 6% (v/v). Under these conditions, approximately 88% of fenvalerate present was degraded within 72 h of culture. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, ten metabolites were confirmed after the degradation of fenvalerate by strain CD-9. Among them, o-phthalaldehyde is a new metabolite for fenvalerate degradation. Based on the identified metabolites, a possible degradation pathway of fenvalerate by C. freundii CD-9 was proposed. Furthermore, the enzyme localization method was used to study CD-9 bacteria and determine that its degrading enzyme is an intracellular enzyme. The degradation rate of fenvalerate by a crude enzyme solution for over 30 min was 73.87%. These results showed that strain CD-9 may be a suitable organism to eliminate environmental pollution by pyrethroid insecticides and provide a future reference for the preparation of microbial degradation agents and environmental remediation.

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