scholarly journals Enhanced survival of spray-dried microencapsulated Lactobacillus casei in the presence of mix-prebiotic

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Dong My Lieu ◽  
Hoai Van Bui ◽  
Huong Thuy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Spray Dry ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Dry Conditions

In this study, the effect of Galactooligosaccharide (GOS) (0% và 2% w/v) on microencapsulated L.casei in whey protein 10% (w/v) and maltodextrin 5% (w/v) by spray dry method were investigated. The physical characterization included analysis of morphology, particle size. The viable cell counts of the microcapsule were determined during storage for 50 days at 10oC and in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and intestinal fluid (SIF). All microcapsules with (WMG sample) or without GOS (WM sample) in this study showed similar morphology and particle size, between 3 to 11µm. There no differences between WMG and WM sample in cell viability were observed. For spray dry conditions tested in this work the cell viable yield with WM sample about 86.14% whereas for WMG sample about 86.78%. The viability of the microcapsules in WMG and WM were reduced about 0.44 and 0.63 log(CFU/g), respectively and remained > 6 log(CFU/g) after 2 hour in SGF or 4 hour in SIF incubating. Microcapsules made by spray dry method with whey protein 10% (w/v) and maltodextrin 5% (w/v) as encapsulating which enhancing L.casei survival, maltodextrin’s role not only as a wall material in microencapsulation but also as a prebiotic potential, eventually leading to added GOS was not necessary.

scholarly journals The The Effect of Alginate, Chitosan, and Nano Chitin as Encapsulation Materials of L. casei Probiotic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djaenudin ◽  
Endang Saepudin ◽  
Muhamad Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Encapsulation Process ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Extrusion Method

Alginate, nano chitin, and chitosan polymers can be used to protect the Lactobacillus casei  from gastric conditions. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of alginate, nano chitin, and chitosan as encapsulation materials of  L. casei  on their survivability in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The encapsulation  process in this study was carried out by the extrusion  method. The resulted beads were soaked  in SGF (pH of 1.2 and 3) for 1 and 60  min at 37°C. In SGF pH 1.2 for 60 min, the survivability of L.casei in all variations of the experiment was 0% except those encapsulated from alginate (1%), nano chitin (0.2%), and chitosan (0.2) % of 75.35%. In SGF pH 3 for 60 min, the survivability of L.casei was 0% for beads unencapsulation and encapsulation made from alginate, while the highest survivability of L.casei was 81.22% obtained in various encapsulation experiments using alginate (1%), nano chitin (0.2%), and chitosan (0.2%). The addition of nano chitin or chitosan to L.casei encapsulation material can increase the survivability of L.casei, also showed that the combination of alginate, nano chitin, and chitosan  in the encapsulated material significantly increased the survivability of L.casei at SGF pH 1.2 and 3.

scholarly journals INTEND, DEPICTION IN VITRO AND IN VIVO APPRAISAL OF GLIPIZIDE FLOATING MICROSPHERES USING ETHYL CELLLULOSE AND HYDROXYL PROPYL METHYL CELLULOSE AS POLYMER BY SUBSTANTIALLY MODIFIED METHOD

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Rishikesh Gupta ◽  
Sk Prajapati ◽  
Snigdha Pattnaik ◽  
Peeyush Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Release Study ◽  
Tapped Density ◽  
Vitro Release

ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of this research was to formulate and evaluate floating microsphere of glipizide.Methods: Glipizide microsphere containing ethyl cellulose (EC) and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) were prepared by solvent evaporationmethod. Polymer to drug ratio affected characteristics of microspheres. Microspheres were discrete, spherical, and perforated form. The microspheresexhibited good floating property and achieved good gastric retention.Result: In vitro performance was evaluated by the usual pharmacopoeial and other tests such as drug polymer compatibility (Fourier transforminfrared scan), yield (%), micrometric properties such as tapped density (%). Compressibility particle size analysis (by optical microscopy), drugentrapment efficiency, surface topography (scanning electron microscope), and in vitro release study. On the basis of results, increasing the polymerratio increased the particle size (195.6±20.24 to 200.89±16.61), increased tapped density (maximum 0.29.60±0.00037 HGF4, batch), and decreased% compressibility (2.13±0.188). Drug loaded floating microspheres were found to be float more than 12 hrs on simulated gastric fluid (pH-1.2).Maximum drug entrapment was found in batch HGF3 (Drug:HPMC:EC) (1:1:3). Electron microscopy showed its perforated surface with hollowness.After 10 hrs, maximum release was found to be 78.0% (batch-GF1).Conclusion: The release study was performed in simulated gastric fluid with 0.02% tween80. The best release result was obtained at the ratio ofdrug: polymer (1:1).Keywords: Floating microspheres, Glipizide, Gastrorentensive system, In vitro release.

scholarly journals Development of milk powder containing Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826 immobilized with prebiotic hi-maize starch and survival under simulated gastric and intestinal conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronamae Bradford ◽  
Vondel Reyes ◽  
Franklin Bonilla ◽  
Federico Bueno ◽  
Bennett Dzandu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Simulated Intestinal Fluid ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Free Cells

Abstract The objectives of this study were to develop a probiotic milk powder containing Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826 immobilized with prebiotic Hi-maize starch and to analyze cell viability after spray drying and exposure to simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. Milk powders containing free L. plantarum and cells immobilized with Hi-maize starch were assessed. Powders were evaluated during storage at 4 °C for 15 days. After spray drying, at 0 and 15 days of storage both treatments had over 8 log CFU/g of viable cells and there were higher viable counts found for immobilized cells compared to free cells after 120 min in simulated gastric fluid. At 15 days of storage, immobilized cells had higher viable counts than free cells after exposure to simulated intestinal fluid for 120 min. The combined probiotic and prebiotic milk powder had stable viable cell counts at refrigerated storage conditions and under simulated gastric and intestinal transit. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals The influence of homogenization and storage time on the viability of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidumin ice cream

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (K1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Lieu My Đong ◽  
Dang Thi Kim Thuy ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Huong
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Simulated Intestinal Fluid ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Storage

Bifidobacterium bifidum or Lactobacillus casei were added independently into ice cream with or without homogenization. The viability of probiotic bacteria during storage, in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) was investigated. The results showed that the viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei in ice cream samples was significantly decreased during 100 days of storage. The homogenization in ice cream processing was a significant effect on the survival of L.casei and B.bifidum during frozen storage time. In addition, frozen storage time affected the viability of these strain when incubating in SGF and SIF conditions. The longer storage time, the more sensitive probiotic in SGF and SIF condition. The result also indicated, in SGF condition, the difference between homogenization and non-homogenization samples was only statistically significant (p<0,05) after 100 days of storage.

scholarly journals Entrapment of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Molecules in Beads Prepared from Isolated Denatured Whey Protein

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1001
Author(s):  
Joanne Heade ◽  
Robert Kent ◽  
Sinead B. Bleiel ◽  
David J. Brayden
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Sodium Fluorescein ◽  
Fast Green

The oral route of administration is by far the most convenient route, especially in the treatment of chronic conditions. However, many therapeutics present formulation difficulties which make them unsuitable for oral delivery. Recently, we synthesized a denatured whey protein isolate (dWPI) bead entrapped with insulin. Our present goal was to assess the suitability of this delivery system to the delivery of other potential molecules, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. Beads of 1.2–1.5 mm in diameter were entrapped with four payloads representing a range of solubilities. The water-soluble payloads were sodium fluorescein (SF) and FITC dextran 4000 Da (FD4), while the hydrophobic ones were Fast Green and curcumin. Encapsulation efficiency (EE) was 73%, 84%, 70%, and 83% for SF, FD4, Fast Green, and curcumin-loaded beads, respectively. The corresponding loading capacity for each bead was 0.07%, 1.1%, 0.75%, and 1.1%, respectively. Each payload produced different release profiles in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluids (SIF). SF released steadily in both SGF and SIF. FD4 and curcumin release was not substantial in any buffers, while Fast Green release was low in SGF and high in SIF. The differences in release behaviour were likely due to the varying properties of the payloads. The effect of proteolysis on beads suggested that enzymatic degradation of the whey bead may promote payload release. The beads swelled rapidly in SGF compared to SIF, which likely contributed to the release from the beads, which was largely governed by solvent diffusion and polymer relaxation. Our results offer a systematic examination of the behaviour of hydrophilic and hydrophobic payloads in a dWPI delivery system. These beads may be further designed to orally deliver poorly permeable macromolecules and poorly soluble small molecules of pharmaceutical interest.

FABRICATION OF CURCUMIN LOADED GUAR GUM MICROPARTICLES FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE BY EMULSION GELATION TECHNIQUE

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
G Roopa ◽  
◽  
C. Jayanthi ◽  
R Karki ◽  
H. Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Simulated Intestinal Fluid ◽  
Dsc Studies

Cross-linked guar gum microparticles of curcumin were prepared for controlled release by emulsion gelation method using glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent. Morphology and surface characteristics of the formulations were assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Particle size of the guar gum microparticles was determined by optical microscopy. The mean particle size ranged from 82 to 250 μ. The % drug loading was found to be in the range of 20 to 51% while the percentage encapsulation efficiency was ranging between 29 to 86%. FT-IR and DSC studies revealed the compatibility of the drug with the polymer. Formulation CGMP3 exhibited maximum % EE of 84%, In vitro drug-release studies were performed in simulated gastric fluid (without enzymes) for 2 h followed by simulated intestinal fluid (without enzymes) for 6 h and continued for 24 h. Formulation CGMP3 exhibited relatively more sustained release profile than the other formulations. All formulations of 1.5% guar gum (CGMP2, CGMP3 and CGMP4) have shown retarded release than 1.0 % guar gum formulations (CGMP6, CGMP7 and CGMP8). Optimal glutaraldehyde concentration was found to be 2%. The optimized formulation subjected to stability studies was found to be stable when observed for particle size and drug content.

scholarly journals Biofilm-isolated Listeria monocytogenes exhibits reduced systemic dissemination at the early (12–24 h) stage of infection in a mouse model

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingjian Bai ◽  
Dongqi Liu ◽  
Luping Xu ◽  
Shivendra Tenguria ◽  
Rishi Drolia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Sessile Cells

AbstractEnvironmental cues promote microbial biofilm formation and physiological and genetic heterogeneity. In food production facilities, biofilms produced by pathogens are a major source for food contamination; however, the pathogenesis of biofilm-isolated sessile cells is not well understood. We investigated the pathogenesis of sessile Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) using cell culture and mouse models. Lm sessile cells express reduced levels of the lap, inlA, hly, prfA, and sigB and show reduced adhesion, invasion, translocation, and cytotoxicity in the cell culture model than the planktonic cells. Oral challenge of C57BL/6 mice with food, clinical, or murinized-InlA (InlAm) strains reveals that at 12 and 24 h post-infection (hpi), Lm burdens are lower in tissues of mice infected with sessile cells than those infected with planktonic cells. However, these differences are negligible at 48 hpi. Besides, the expressions of inlA and lap mRNA in sessile Lm from intestinal content are about 6.0- and 280-fold higher than the sessle inoculum, respectively, suggesting sessile Lm can still upregulate virulence genes shortly after ingestion (12 h). Similarly, exposure to simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 3) and intestinal fluid (SIF, pH 7) for 13 h shows equal reduction in sessile and planktonic cell counts, but induces LAP and InlA expression and pathogenic phenotypes. Our data show that the virulence of biofilm-isolated Lm is temporarily attenuated and can be upregulated in mice during the early stage (12–24 hpi) but fully restored at a later stage (48 hpi) of infection. Our study further demonstrates that in vitro cell culture assay is unreliable; therefore, an animal model is essential for studying the pathogenesis of biofilm-isolated bacteria.

Immobilization of Oat Bran Polyphenols in Complex Coacervates of Whey Protein and Malthodextrin

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-469
Author(s):  
Damir Zyaitdinov ◽  
Alexandr Ewteew ◽  
Anna Bannikova
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Kinetics Of

Introduction. Bioactive compounds are a very popular topic of modern food science, especially when it concerns obtaining polyphenols from cereals. The antiradical, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of these ingredients allow them to inhibit and prevent coronary, artery, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as several types of cancer. Encapsulation is an effective technology that protects bioactive ingredients during processing and storage. In addition, it also prevents any possible interaction with other food constituents. The research objective was to obtain effective tools of controlled delivery of bioactive compounds. The study featured whey protein as a wall material in combination with maltodextrin to encapsulate the bioactives from oat bran. Study objects and methods. The processed material was oat bran. The technology of its biotransformation was based on ultrasound processing and enzymatic hydrolysis. The antioxidant properties were determined using a coulometer of Expert – 006-antioxidants type (Econix-Expert LLC, Moscow, Russia). Separation and quantitative determination of extract were followed using a Stayer HPLC device (Akvilon, Russia) and a system column Phenomenex Luna 5u C18(2) (250×4.6 mm). The total phenolic content was measured by a modified Folin-Ciocalteu method. To prepare microcapsules, whey protein concentrate (WPC) and maltodextrin (MD) solutions were mixed at ratios 6:4, 4:6, and 5:5. After that, the mixes were treated by ultrasonication and 10% w/w of guar gum solution as double wall material. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) was determined as a ratio of encapsulated phenolic content to total phenolic content. A digestion protocol that simulates conditions of the human gastric and intestinal tract was adapted to investigate the release kinetics of the extracts. Results and discussion. Ferulic acid is the main antioxidant in cereals. Its amount during extraction was consistent with published data: 9.2 mg/mL after ultrasound exposure, 9.0 mg/mL after enzymatic extraction, and 8.6 mg/mL after chemical treatment. The antioxidant activity of the obtained polyphenols was quite high and reached 921 cu/mL. It depended on the concentration of the preparation in the solution and the extraction method. The polyphenols obtained by ultrasonic exposure and enzyme preparations proved to have a more pronounced antioxidant activity. The highest EE (95.28%) was recorded at WPC:MD ratio of 60:40. In vitro enzymatic hydrolysis protocol simulating digestion in the gastrointestinal tract was used to study the effect of capsule structural characteristics on the kinetics of polyphenol release. The percentage of o polyphenols released from capsules ranged from 70% to 83% after two hours of digestion, which confirmed the effectiveness of microencapsulation technology. Conclusion. The research confirmed the possibility of using polyphenols obtained by the biotechnological method from oat bran as functional ingredients. Eventually, they may be used in new functional products with bifidogenic properties. Whey protein can be used to encapsulate polyphenols as the wall material of microcapsules.

scholarly journals Formulation of Quaternized Aminated Chitosan Nanoparticles for Efficient Encapsulation and Slow Release of Curcumin

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Omer ◽  
Zyta M. Ziora ◽  
Tamer M. Tamer ◽  
Randa E. Khalifa ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
Drug Encapsulation Efficiency

An effective drug nanocarrier was developed on the basis of a quaternized aminated chitosan (Q-AmCs) derivative for the efficient encapsulation and slow release of the curcumin (Cur)-drug. A simple ionic gelation method was conducted to formulate Q-AmCs nanoparticles (NPs), using different ratios of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as an ionic crosslinker. Various characterization tools were employed to investigate the structure, surface morphology, and thermal properties of the formulated nanoparticles. The formulated Q-AmCs NPs displayed a smaller particle size of 162 ± 9.10 nm, and higher surface positive charges, with a maximum potential of +48.3 mV, compared to native aminated chitosan (AmCs) NPs (231 ± 7.14 nm, +32.8 mV). The Cur-drug encapsulation efficiency was greatly improved and reached a maximum value of 94.4 ± 0.91%, compared to 75.0 ± 1.13% for AmCs NPs. Moreover, the in vitro Cur-release profile was investigated under the conditions of simulated gastric fluid [SGF; pH 1.2] and simulated colon fluid [SCF; pH 7.4]. For Q-AmCs NPs, the Cur-release rate was meaningfully decreased, and recorded a cumulative release value of 54.0% at pH 7.4, compared to 73.0% for AmCs NPs. The formulated nanoparticles exhibited acceptable biocompatibility and biodegradability. These findings emphasize that Q-AmCs NPs have an outstanding potential for the delivery and slow release of anticancer drugs.

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