scholarly journals THE MODEL OF UPSTREAM INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO IN THE MATURE REGIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Liya R. Artemkina ◽  
Natalya Y. Sopilko ◽  
Olga Y. Myasnikova ◽  
Irina U. Eremina ◽  
Nataliya V. Bondarchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Investment Portfolio ◽  
Upstream Investment

scholarly journals THE MODEL OF UPSTREAM INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO IN THE MATURE REGIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Liya R. Artemkina ◽  
Natalya Y. Sopilko ◽  
Olga Y. Myasnikova ◽  
Irina U. Eremina ◽  
Nataliya V. Bondarchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Investment Portfolio ◽  
Upstream Investment

scholarly journals Investment Portfolio, Democratic Accountability, Poverty and Income Inequality Nexus in Pakistan: A Way to Social Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6411
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Hassan ◽  
Haider Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim Saeed ◽  
Tarek Tawfik Yousef Alkhateeb ◽  
Noman Arshed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
Investment Portfolio ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Short Run

Institutions help to streamline the economic activity-related procedures, where government intervention might be involved. Institutions also play a significant role in social sustainability. The findings using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach to cointegration for the period from 1984–2019 reveal that investment portfolio and democratic accountability reduce poverty in Pakistan both in the long and short run. Moreover, democratic accountability helps to reduce income inequality, but the investment portfolio’s role is not significant. The literacy rate helps to reduce income inequality, and inflation increases poverty and income inequality. The remittances increase income inequality, and urbanization increases poverty. To eradicate poverty and income inequality, the governments should be accountable for their actions to the general public while they remain in power. If they do not deliver as per their manifestoes, they will not be reelected in the next election. Moreover, there is a dire need to redefine the role of an investment portfolio to reduce the risk of investment. So, investments would increase economic activities and could reduce poverty and income inequality. This study contributes to the literature by inquiring about the role of the investment portfolio and democratic accountability in social sustainability by reducing poverty and income inequality. This study only considers Pakistan’s economy due to limitations of poverty data availability in other countries. The scope could further be broadened by accessing data for a wider Asia region to test the role of the investment portfolio and democratic accountability to reduce poverty and income inequality.

scholarly journals OPTIMAL CONTROL OF THE DECUMULATION OF A RETIREMENT PORTFOLIO WITH VARIABLE SPENDING AND DYNAMIC ASSET ALLOCATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Peter A. Forsyth ◽  
Kenneth R. Vetzal ◽  
Graham Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Asset Returns ◽  
Retirement Savings ◽  
Allocation Strategy ◽  
Investment Portfolio ◽  
Dynamic Asset Allocation ◽  
Dynamic Strategy ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Weighted Combination ◽  
Over Time

Abstract We extend the Annually Recalculated Virtual Annuity (ARVA) spending rule for retirement savings decumulation (Waring and Siegel (2015) Financial Analysts Journal, 71(1), 91–107) to include a cap and a floor on withdrawals. With a minimum withdrawal constraint, the ARVA strategy runs the risk of depleting the investment portfolio. We determine the dynamic asset allocation strategy which maximizes a weighted combination of expected total withdrawals (EW) and expected shortfall (ES), defined as the average of the worst 5% of the outcomes of real terminal wealth. We compare the performance of our dynamic strategy to simpler alternatives which maintain constant asset allocation weights over time accompanied by either our same modified ARVA spending rule or withdrawals that are constant over time in real terms. Tests are carried out using both a parametric model of historical asset returns as well as bootstrap resampling of historical data. Consistent with previous literature that has used different measures of reward and risk than EW and ES, we find that allowing some variability in withdrawals leads to large improvements in efficiency. However, unlike the prior literature, we also demonstrate that further significant enhancements are possible through incorporating a dynamic asset allocation strategy rather than simply keeping asset allocation weights constant throughout retirement.

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