scholarly journals CONVERGENCE CO2 EMISSION IN ASEAN COUNTRIES: AUGMENTED GREEN SOLOW MODEL APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-578
Author(s):  
Edy Yusuf Agung Gunanto ◽  
Tri Wahyu ◽  
Jaka Aminata ◽  
Banatul Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Model Approach

ASEAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT IMPLEMENTATION FOR INDONESIAN TRADING PERFORMANCE: A GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuventus Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Population Exchange ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Model Approach

Salah satu tujuan dari pelaksanaan AFTA adalah untuk mengurangi hambatan perdagangan dengan mengurangi tarif impor antar anggota ASEAN dengan asumsi bahwa jika tarif lebih rendah atau nol, seharusnya terdapat peningkatan nilai perdagangan antara anggota ASEAN. Penelitian ini menguji apakah pelaksanaan AFTA memiliki dampak pada kinerja ekspor Indonesia dan kontribusi kendala di belakang perbatasan (behind the border constraints) terhadap kinerja ekspor Indonesia seperti administrasi bea dan cukai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan model gravitasi dengan analisis stochastic frontier yang berbeda dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya tentang kinerja perdagangan Indonesia yang menggunakan estimasi OLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, secara empiris, GDP , jarak, populasi, nilai tukar, tarif, dan keanggotaan di ASEAN signifikan mempengaruhi perdagangan Indonesia dengan negara partner. Lebih lanjut, hasil estimasi stochastic frontier menunjukkan bahwa kendala di belakang perbatasan menurun setiap tahunnya. Namun, ekspor Indonesia masih under trade dengan semua negara ASEAN yang mengindikasikan rendahnya pemanfaatan AFTA. Di sisi lain, ekspor Indonesia over trade dengan Cina dan hampir berada di tingkat yang optimal dengan Amerika Serikat, Jepang, dan Belanda. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pemerintah Indonesia harus mempromosikan lebih banyak ekspor dengan negara-negara ASEAN untuk mencapai tujuan dari deklarasi AFTA dua dekade lalu. One objective of the AFTA implementation is to reduce trading constraints by reducing import tariffs among ASEAN’s members with the assumption that if tariffs are lower or zero, there should be an increase in intra-trading value among ASEAN members. This study examines whether the implementation of the AFTA has had any impact on Indonesia’s export performance and ‘behind the border’ constraints contribution in Indonesia’s exports such as customs administrations. The study uses the gravity model approach with a stochastic frontier analysis which is different from previous research about Indonesia’s trading performance that uses OLS estimation. The results show that, empirically, GDP, distance, population, exchange rate, and membership in ASEAN significantly affect Indonesia’s trading with partner country. Furthermore, stochastic frontier analysis’ results show that ‘behind the border’ constraints decrease overtime. However, Indonesia’s exports is under trade with all ASEAN countries which indicates the low utilisation of AFTA. On the other hand, Indonesia’s exports are over trade with China and almost at optimal level of exports with the US, Japan, and the Netherlands. The implication of this study is that the Indonesian government should promote more exports with ASEAN countries to accomplish the objectives of the AFTA declaration two decades ago.

scholarly journals DOES CO2 EMISSION HAVE ANY LINK WITH THE CHANGE DEMOCRATIC CONDITIONS IN ASEAN COUNTRIES?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Phrakhruopatnontakitti Phrakhruopatnontakitti ◽  
Busakorn Watthanabut ◽  
Kittisak Jermsittiparsert
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Asean Countries

scholarly journals STUDI KOMPARASI TINGKAT INKLUSI KEUANGAN DI NEGARA ASEAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Raydhatul Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Asean Country ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Model Approach

Financial inclusion programs in Asia began to intensify with focus on improving public access, especially those who have not yet enjoyed banking services. This makes financial inclusion one of the focuses of development in the financial sector in various countries, especially ASEAN, as a sound financial system can promote economic growth. This study aims to see the comparison of financial nclusion rates and see the effect of socio-economic variables on financial inclusion in ASEAN countries 2010-2015. In order to see the comparison of nclusion level of finance in each ASEAN country, the Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI) method was developed by Sarma (2008), while to examine the relationshipbetween socio-economic variables to financial inclusion, the Ordinary Least quare (OLS) method was used estimation techniques in the Random Effects Model approach. The results show that in general, financial inclusion in ASEAN countries is mainly influenced by the dimension of a disorder. In addition, only per-capita GDP variables are not significant partially. While other variables, namely population over 15 years, unemployment rate, and the number of people n rural areas have a significant influence on index of financial inclusion.

scholarly journals Analysis of pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) and environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in selected Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Fouzia Latif Gill ◽  
Abid Rashid Gill ◽  
K. Kuperan Viswanathan ◽  
Mohd Zaini B Abid Karim
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Pollution Haven Hypothesis ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Pollution Haven ◽  
Integration Approach ◽  
Asean Countries

The Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) claims that following the international trade, developing countries tend to specialize and export pollution-intensive goods to advanced countries.  The current study examines the PHH claim in the context of exports of the six major ASEAN countries to Japan in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework for the period 1989-2017. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLOS) panel co-integration approach has been employed to estimate the coefficients of the EKC model. The results reveal that the EKC does exist while the exports of pollution-intensive goods from the ASEAN to Japan increase the CO2 emission. The study concludes that world pollution cannot be curtailed unless advanced countries reduce the consumption of pollution-intensive goods. Therefore, an integrated well-devised global program is imperative to tackle the alarming issue of global warming, and advanced countries should lead this program.

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