scholarly journals Prevention of Negative Impact of Pesticides and Other Toxic Substances on Reproductive Function of Animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salimov Y
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

Morphological features of endo- and myometrium in patients with uterine leiomyoma and infertility

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
M.A. Flaksenberg ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Blastocyst Implantation

The objective: determination of morphofunctional features of leiomatous nodes and endometrium in women with uterine leiomyoma and infertility to restore reproductive function and prevent recurrence of the underlying disease. Materials and methods. In order to restore reproductive function and prevent recurrence of the underlying disease, morphofunctional features of leiomatous nodes and endometrium in women with uterine leiomyoma and infertility were determined. Thirty samples of leiomyomatous nodes and endometrium were examined, among which 15 were obtained from women with multiple uterine leiomyoma and infertility and 15 samples from women with uterine leiomyoma with isolated uterine leiomyoma. During the study, a general-histological method was used for staining with hematoxylin-eosin and picrofuxin by van Gizon, as well as immunohistochemical methods. Histological examination of the endometrium was performed according to conventional protocol, taking into account the day of the menstrual cycle and R.W. Noyes criteria. Results. In the morphological examination of leiomyomatous nodes in the vast majority of cases the presence of uterine leiomyomas of simple and cell types or their combination was established. In women with multiple uterine leiomyoma, simple-type leiomyoma (53.3%) was predominant, and in patients with isolated leiomyoma the signs of cellular uterine leiomyoma (66.7%) were more frequently found. In 80.0% of women with uterine leiomyoma revealed pathology of the endometrium, such as glandular and glandular-fibrous polyps, simple and complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia, which confirms the theory about the only pathogenetic mechanisms of the emergence of hyperplastic processes of female organs. In 66.7% of women with multiple leiomyomas, signs of chronic endometritis have been found, which exacerbates the pathological process and can have a negative impact on the reproductive function, such as secretory endometrial transformation and impaired blastocyst implantation, and explains a much higher percentage of infertility in the group. Conclusion. In women with impaired reproductive function, patients with uterine leiomyoma, it is necessary to conduct a study of the receptivity of the reproductive organs, namely - the endometrium and leiomatous nodes. This will make it possible to use one or another method of treatment in order to restore reproductive function and prevent recurrence of the underlying disease. Keywords: infertility, uterine leiomyoma, endometrium, receptive apparatus.

The Issue of Plastic and Microplastic Pollution in Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Constanta Tudor ◽  
Dorina Nicoleta Mocuta ◽  
Ruxandra Florina Teodorescu ◽  
Dragos Ion Smedescu
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Toxic Substances

Soil pollution with plastics represents a great threat to plants, animals, but especially to humans, as a very small quantity of the plastic which is discarded daily is recycled or incinerated in waste facilities, much of it reaching landfills where their decomposition lasts up to 1000 years and during this time the toxic substances penetrate the soil and the water. If, initially, the pollution with plastics has been identified and recognized in the aquatic environment, recent studies show that plastics residues exist in huge quantities in the soil. The present study focuses on the analysis of factors that pollute soil, so the various studies that have been carried out claim that soil pollution with plastic is much higher and increases in an aggressive manner, being estimated to be 4 to 23 times higher than water pollution with plastics, and the accumulation of microplastics in the soil has a negative impact on soil biota. Thus, once the plastic material accumulates in the soil, it is assimilated to organic matter and the mineral substitutes of the soil and persists for several hundred years.

scholarly journals Menstrual and reproductive function repair in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity by correcting of glucose intolerance

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
O I Lineva ◽  
M V Glukhova
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Total Treatment

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sibutramine on metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS and obesity. Materials and methods. The study included 53 women aged 18 to 35 years (mean age 31,3 ± 1,1 years) with PCOS and obesity. All patients received therapy with sibutramine. The total treatment duration was 6 months. The treatment was evaluated monthly nature of the menstrual cycle, anthropometric parameters (body weight, BMI, ON, ON, ON / OF). The Results. The studies found that after 3 months of treatment with weight loss was 8,1 ± 0,31 kg, after 6 months - 13,1 ± 0,78 kg (p 0,05). Results of the survey of women included in this study strongly support the negative impact of obesity on the functional state of the reproductive system, evidenced by the high incidence of anovulation, rhythm disturbances of menstruation (amenorrhea up to), infertility. Conclusions. The obtained results once again confirm the high efficacy and safety of sibutramine to reduce body mass, suggest correction of metabolic, hormonal disorders and positive impact on women's reproductive health. This allows us to consider the use of sibutramine in women with PCOS and obesity as a way to restore the endocrine function of the reproductive system.

scholarly journals Reviewing Effective Factors of Alimentary Deficiency in Animals Reproductive Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
Pavlo Skliarov ◽  
Serhiy Fedorenko ◽  
Svitlana Naumenko ◽  
Oleksandr Onyshchenko ◽  
Alina Pasternak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Animal Reproduction ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Impacts

Animal reproduction is one of the main factors limiting the efficiency of livestock production. Its optimal level is possibly achieved when certain conditions are created for animals. As reproduction is a complex reflex process depending on neuroendocrine regulatory mechanisms, the character and strength of stimuli, which, in turn, is due to a number of factors. Under normal conditions, the body of animals is affected by many different factors, which are appropriately transformed and specified by positive or negative reactions. Inhibitory factors include air pool, saturated with harmful substances and gases, ionizing radiation, poor water quality along with altered redox properties, hypokinesia combined with poor unbalanced feeding, systematic chronic stress, presence of toxic substances in feed, and the deficiency of vitamins and other bioantioxidants in feed or their excessive spending. Of the wide range of genetic and paratypic factors of negative impacts on reproductive capacity, the most common one is alimentary, which causes impaired reproductive function due to deficiencies in the rules, regulations, and feeding regime of animals. In particular, the alimentary can be associated with both general malnutrition (starvation) and overfeeding (obesity). However, the alimentary form of infertility mostly occurs due to low-quality diets when the diet lacks vital components (mainly vitamins, macro-, and micronutrients) or the quantitative ratios of the ingredients are violated. This is possible even if the total nutritional value of the diet meets the established requirements for the physiological needs of the body. Vitamins, micro-, and macronutrients are ecologically deficient factors of disturbance of animal reproductive function, the influence of which is observed on all processes of reproduction, from fertilization to the postpartum period and the preservation of young animals. The pathogenesis of their insufficiency is associated with the violation of steroido-, gameto-, and embryogenesis and the emergence of ante-, intra-, neo- and postnatal pathologies, respectively. Therefore, treatments and prevention measures should be aimed at providing animals with biologically complete balanced feeding and replenishment of the body with vitamins and minerals. However, all these issues remain incompletely studied and need further research.

Pesticidal Pollution

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-176
Author(s):  
Rizwana Mobin ◽  
Hamida-Tun-Nisa Chisti ◽  
Tauseef Ahmad Rangreez ◽  
Rafia Bashir ◽  
Altaf Ahmad Najar
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Ecology And Environment ◽  
Pesticide Runoff ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

The development and application of pesticides has contributed in a long way in making the “Green Revolution” possible. These newer pesticides have synergetic effect over the control of pests that otherwise have negative impact on the quality and quantity of food. The toxicity, persistence, and environmental pathway are some important criteria that determine the impacts on ecology and environment. The generalization of the impact of pesticides on different organisms is difficult as these are of broad spectrum chemical nature. However, the major problem that arises due to widespread use of pesticides is the contamination of water by pesticide runoff. The chemically contaminated water in turn leads to the much aggravated problems of bio-concentration and bio-magnification of these chemicals. While the bio-concentration describes the transfer of a chemical from surrounding into the tissue/body of organism, the bio-magnification is related to the increased concentration of such a chemical along a food chain.

scholarly journals Migration of mercury in the food chains of the Beloosipovo biocenosis (part 1)

2021 ◽  
pp. 324-334
Author(s):  
Alexander Prosekov
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Test Soil ◽  
Main Components

Introduction. Mercury and its compounds are among the most dangerous toxic substances, which makes mercury pollution one of the most urgent environmental issues. The present research objective was to study the accumulation of mercury and its impact on the terrestrial ecosystems in the area of the Beloosipovo mercury deposit (Kemerovo Region, West Siberia, Russia). Study objects and methods. The study used standard methods to test soil, herbs, herpetobiont insects, and small mammals. The sampling was conducted at 13 points in the cardinal directions at 0.5, 1.5, and 3 km from the pollution source. The method of atomic absorption was employed to measure the concentration of mercury in the samples prepared by the wet mineralization method. Results and discussion. The main components of terrestrial ecosystems revealed no excessive concentration of mercury in the soil. However, the water samples from the Belaya Osipova river demonstrated an excess in the maximum permissible concentration of mercury from 5 to 20% (0.00056–0.00074 mg/L). Further up the food chains, the concentration of mercury in organisms decreased by 1–2 orders of magnitude, depending on the sampling point. The study also revealed Siberian trout lily (Erythronium sibiricum (Fisch. et C. A. Mey) Kryl.), which is protected at the federal and regional levels, as well as several nemoral tertiary relics. Conclusion. The decreasing concentration of mercury in the food chains means the ecosystem is under no severe negative impact.

Alternative fuels in public transport and restrictions contained on their use

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 441-451
Author(s):  
Marek Ziembicki ◽  
Dariusz Pyza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Zero Emission ◽  
Communication Lines

European transport policy assumes reducing the negative impact of transport on the natural environment and improving the energy efficiency of means of transport. European cities undertake numerous activities aimed at limiting the use of diesel-powered vehicles and introducing solutions free of toxic substances. The first part of the paper is devoted to the attempt to find an answer to the question at what stage of development there are currently low and zero emission vehicles in public transport. The second part will present the current research on the use of low-emission vehicles in public transport on the example of the largest carrier in Poland. The paper presents the results of research and statistics collected since 2015, mainly electric buses running every day on various routes of communication lines in Warsaw.

Reproductive Toxicity Testing: Evaluating and Developing New Testing Systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Test System ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
In Vitro Techniques

Reproductive toxicity testing systems are used by national and international regulatory agencies. Protocols have not been standardized between agencies or even within certain agencies. Although there have been efforts at standardization, a certain amount of the differences between testing protocols is a reflection of the needs of the particular agency. New developments in in vitro techniques might lead to new test systems, but reproductive function is dependent upon the interaction of various cells and organs that cannot presently be copied in the test tube; this makes whole-animal testing systems a necessity. The present whole-animal models used by the Food and Drug Administration include the 3 segment reproduction studies used for testing drug safety and the multigeneration studies used for food additives. The Environmental Protection Agency has adopted 2 similar versions of a 2-generation study for the Office of Pesticide Programs and the Office of Toxic Substances. The National Toxicology Program, although not a regulatory agency, has taken a prominent role in reproductive toxicity testing, test system development, and test system evaluation. A new testing system, Fertility Assessment by Continuous Breeding (FACB), is currently being studied as a cost-effective and reliable alternative test system. The FACB protocol houses male and female mice as breeding pairs and removes offspring as soon as they are born during the first 14 weeks to allow continuous mating. Each breeding pair normally has up to 5 litters, and the last litter is saved to evaluate the second generation. The efficiency, reliability, and expense of the protocol are being compared to the existing testing systems.

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