An alternate approach to educational reform in the United Arab Emirates : exploring students' motivation through Pisa 2012

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Saad Yaaqeib
Keyword(s):  
Educational Reform ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Pisa 2012

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] For over a decade, the public education system in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has engaged in educational reform with varying degrees of success. The reform initiatives mainly targeted administrative, curricular and instructional areas. However, student-centered factors (e.g. achievement motivation) were not included. This study explores the UAE's students' achievement motivation towards mathematics to provide a preliminary student-centered angle in formulating educational reform programs. This study applied the Expectancy-Value Theory of achievement motivation on a student sample from the UAE. The sample was obtained from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2012). In addition to the overall motivational patterns, the findings revealed significant differences in achievement motivation beliefs between native and non-native students. The findings were discussed and interpreted in the UAE's cultural context.

Fabrication of interview data

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Blasius
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Pisa 2012 ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Copy And Paste ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Evidence from past surveys suggests that some interviewees simplify their responses even in very well-organized and highly respected surveys. This paper aims to demonstrate that some interviewers, too, simplify their task by at least partly fabricating their data, and that, in some survey research institutes, employees simplify their task by fabricating entire interviews via copy and paste. Design/methodology/approach Using data from the principal questionnaires in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 and the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) data, the author applies statistical methods to search for fraudulent methods used by interviewers and employees at survey research organizations. Findings The author provides empirical evidence for potential fraud performed by interviewers and employees of survey research organizations in several countries that participated in PISA 2012 and PIAAC. Practical implications The proposed methods can be used as early as the initial phase of fieldwork to flag potentially problematic interviewer behavior such as copying responses. Originality/value The proposed methodology may help to improve data quality in survey research by detecting fabricated data.

scholarly journals Examining school variables affecting PISA 2012 math achievement in Turkey and Shanghai-China

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kale
Keyword(s):  
International Student ◽  
Math Achievement ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Pisa 2012 ◽  
Math Scores ◽  
Model Research ◽  
School Variables ◽  
Research Population ◽  
The Difference

The main purpose of the research is to examine school variables that have effect on Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 math achievement in Turkey and Shanghai-China. The research was designed in casual comparison model. Research population was constituted by student in age group of 15 in Turkey and Shanghai-China in 2012.The sample consists of 4848 students and 170 schools in Turkey and 5177 students and 155 schools in  Shanghai-China that participated in PISA 2012. Two-leveled Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) was used to analyze data because the data collected in PISA 2012 had a hierarchical data structure. As a result of analysis, variability in math scores, 63% in Turkey and  47% in Shanghai-China, was found due to the difference between the mean math scores of schools. It was determined that  MACTIV, SCMATEDU and TCMORALE in Turkey and MACTIV, in Shanghai-China statistically affect on math achievement. Keywords: PISA, school administration, school variables, HLM

Student Achievement in Turkey, According to Question Types Used in PISA 2003-2012 Mathematic Literacy Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Yesim Ozer Ozkan ◽  
Nesrin Ozaslan
Keyword(s):  
Student Assessment ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Question Type ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Mathematical Literacy ◽  
Constructed Response ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Pisa 2012 ◽  
Question Types ◽  
Literacy Test

The aim of this study is to determine the level of achievement of students participating in Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2003 and PISA 2012 tests in Turkey according to questions in the mathematical literacy test. This study is a descriptive survey. Within the scope of the study, the mathematical literacy test items were classified as multiple-choice, complex multiple-choice and constructed response items according to the different question types. The ratio of correct and partially correct and incorrect response given to each question type has been determined. Findings show that the achievements of students differ according to different types of questions. While the question type with the highest success average in the PISA 2003 test was multiple-choice, students got the highest scores from complex multiple-choice questions in the PISA 2012 test. The questionnaire with the lowest success average was found to be complex multiple-choice questions in the PISA 2003 test while students got the lowest scores from constructed response items in the PISA 2012 test. According to the constructivist education approach effectuated in 2005-2006 academic year, it is expected to observe a rise in constructed response question type; however, findings of the study reveal that the success of constructed response questions is decreased according to the application years.

scholarly journals Repetência e indisciplina: evidências de Brasil e Portugal no Pisa 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (161) ◽  
pp. 614-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Abud Seabra Matos ◽  
Maria Eugénia Ferrão
Keyword(s):  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Pisa 2012

Resumo Este trabalho objetiva analisar o fenômeno da repetência escolar no Brasil e em Portugal, por meio dos dados do Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes [Programme for International Student Assessment] - Pisa 2012, e aplicar um modelo de regressão logística multinível tendo a repetência como variável dependente, no sentido de identificar características dos estudantes e das escolas que estejam associadas à probabilidade de repetência para estimar a variabilidade entre escolas. Dentre os principais resultados, a contribuição mais significativa deste estudo é explicitar uma clara associação entre repetência e indisciplina escolar. Pesquisas adicionais baseadas em dados longitudinais são necessárias para investigar aprofundadamente as características dos estudantes e das escolas que estejam associadas à mudança das condições de educação e que influenciam a probabilidade de repetência.

A Note on Construct Validity of the Anchoring Method in PISA 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazar Stankov ◽  
Jihyun Lee ◽  
Matthias von Davier
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Achievement Scores ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Anchoring Vignettes ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Pisa 2012 ◽  
Country Level

We examine construct validity of the anchoring method used with 12 noncognitive scales from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 project. This method combines individuals’ responses to vignettes and self-rated scores based on Likert-type items. It has been reported that the use of anchoring vignettes can reverse country-level correlations between academic achievement scores and noncognitive measures from negative to positive, and therefore align them with the typically reported individual-level correlations. Using the PISA 2012 data, we show that construct validity of this approach may be open to question because the anchored scales produce a different set of latent dimensions in comparison with nonanchored scales, even though both scales were created from the same set of individual responses. We also demonstrate that only one of three vignettes may be responsible for the resolution of the “paradox” highlighting that the choice of vignettes may be more important than what was previously reported.

scholarly journals Top-Performing Math Students in 82 Countries: An Integrative Data Analysis of Gender Differences in Achievement, Achievement Profiles, and Achievement Motivation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Keller ◽  
Franzis Preckel ◽  
Jacquelynne Eccles ◽  
Martin Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Integrative Data Analysis ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Math Students

The present integrative data analysis examined gender differences in achievement, achievement profiles, and achievement motivation in mathematics, reading, and science among 115,481 top-performing adolescent math students (top 5% in their respective countries). To do this, we applied the same analysis protocol to representative individual participant data from six cycles of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2000–2015, 82 countries) and integrated the results by using meta-analytical random coefficient models. We found that in the group of top-performing math students, male students were overrepresented (female-to-male ratio 1:1.50). Furthermore, female students possessed better reading skills (d = –0.23) and more positive reading attitudes (–0.64 ≤ d ≤ –0.38). Male students had stronger math self-efficacy (d = 0.32) and demonstrated mathematics-oriented achievement profiles, whereas female students’ profiles were more balanced across domains. Moreover, female students were more interested in organic and medical fields (–0.44 ≤ d ≤ –0.30), whereas male students showed greater interest in physics-related topics (0.39 ≤ d ≤ 0.54). Gender equality indicators moderated the proportion of female students in the top 5% in mathematics and explained variability in achievement profiles across countries. Results are explained by social role theory and expectancy–value theory, and implications for women’s underrepresentation in (specific) STEM fields are discussed.

Student Achievement in Turkey, According to Question Types Used in PISA 2003-2012 Mathematic Literacy Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesim Ozer Ozkan ◽  
Nesrin Özaslan
Keyword(s):  
Student Assessment ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Question Type ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Mathematical Literacy ◽  
Constructed Response ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Pisa 2012 ◽  
Question Types ◽  
Literacy Test

The aim of this study is to determine the level of achievement of students participating in Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2003 and PISA 2012 tests in Turkey according to questions in the mathematical literacy test. This study is a descriptive survey. Within the scope of the study, the mathematical literacy test items were classified as multiple-choice, complex multiple-choice and constructed response items according to the different question types. The ratio of correct and partially correct and incorrect response given to each question type has been determined. Findings show that the achievements of students differ according to different types of questions. While the question type with the highest success average in the PISA 2003 test was multiple-choice, students got the highest scores from complex multiple-choice questions in the PISA 2012 test. The questionnaire with the lowest success average was found to be complex multiple-choice questions in the PISA 2003 test while students got the lowest scores from constructed response items in the PISA 2012 test. According to the constructivist education approach effectuated in 2005-2006 academic year, it is expected to observe a rise in constructed response question type; however, findings of the study reveal that the success of constructed response questions is decreased according to the application years.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Educational Reform in Finland and Washington State, USA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Manns
Keyword(s):  
Educational Reform ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
Science Study ◽  
Childhood Poverty ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Mathematics And Science

This paper addresses aspects of global educational reform initiatives in the first two decades of the 21st century, comparing and contrasting these with the efforts of Finland, a nation in which students have recently and repeatedly outperformed other countries on international assessments. Utilizing the thesis that lessons from Finland can be used to support the educational reform work in the United States, a proposal for such implementation in Washington state is presented. Since strategies are often contextual, rooted in the history, beliefs, politics, and more of a country, such implementation must necessarily include sound analysis and adaptations to suit the new circumstances. While this paper focuses on educational efforts, an analysis of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) data by poverty identifies an important factor outside education that impacts academic achievement, namely, childhood poverty. The paper concludes with a practical look at possible next steps to improve education within the current educational context.

scholarly journals Examining Science Achievement in Chile: A Multilevel Model Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-116
Author(s):  
Noelia Pacheco Diaz ◽  
Louis Rocconi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Science Achievement ◽  
International Student ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
And Performance

This study employed data from the 2015 Chilean sample of the Programme for International Student Assessment to examine the factors that influence science achievement and factors that may reduce the gender gap in science achievement. Our research was guided by Eccles’ Expectancy-Value Theory, which focused on motivational factors that influence gender differences in students’ achievement choices and performance. Our results indicate that socioeconomic status (SES), motivation, enjoyment of science, expected occupational status, school SES, and class size are related to higher science achievement. Also, anxiety was negatively associated with science achievement. Implications for Chilean policymakers and school administrators to improve Chilean girls’ science achievement are discussed.

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