scholarly journals Genetic and molecular analysis of soybean cyst nematode virulence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Michael N. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Host Resistance ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Transcriptome Assembly ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Highly Virulent

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines is the most economically important pathogen of soybean, capable of causing large scale yield loss on a global scale. Current management practices utilize host resistance, but commercial resistance is limited to three main sources, the soybean plant introductions (PI) 54802 (Peking), 88788, and 437654. More than 95% of soybean grown in the north central United States have resistance derived from PI 88788 and repeated use of this resistance has led to the development of highly virulent nematode populations capable of infecting these resistant plants and causing yield losses. In order to identify the mode of inheritance for virulence on the three primary sources of resistance to SCN a controlled crossing study was performed, mating a highly virulent nematode (TN20) with an avirulent nematode (PA3). By monitoring the offspring of this cross it was found that depending on the source of host resistance, virulence is inherited in a dominant or a recessive manner except for virulence on PI 437654, which is likely a multigenic trait dependent on multiple recessive genes. A de novo transcriptome assembly was then generated for SCN and mined for novel stylet-secreted effectors, identifying a new pool of candidates that may play a role in virulence. Finally, a comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed across multiple SCN populations to identify conserved expression patterns and genes associated with virulence. Results from these studies will be used to improve current management practices for SCN and provide new potential targets for improving SCN resistance.

Soybean Plant Introductions with Resistance to Races 4 or 5 of Soybean Cyst Nematode

Crop Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Anand ◽  
K. M. Gallo ◽  
I. A. Baker ◽  
E. E. Hartwig
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Plant Introductions

scholarly journals Reaction of Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistant Plant Introductions to Root-Knot and Reniform Nematodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Dong Lee ◽  
Hyun-Jee Kim ◽  
Robert T. Robbins ◽  
James A. Wrather ◽  
Jason Bond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Resistant Plant ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Reniform Nematodes

Classification methods and identification of reniform nematode resistance in known soybean cyst nematode resistant soybean genotypes

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Usovsky ◽  
Robert Robbins ◽  
Juliet Fultz Wilkes ◽  
Devany Crippen ◽  
Vijay Shankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Reniform Nematode ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Scn Resistance ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Plant parasitic nematodes are a major yield-limiting factor of soybean in the United States and Canada. It has been indicated that soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) and reniform nematode (RN, Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) resistance could be genetically related. For many years fragmentary data has shown this relationship. This report evaluates RN reproduction on 418 plant introductions (PIs) selected from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection with reported SCN resistance. The germplasm was divided into two tests of 214 PIs reported as resistant, and 204 PIs moderately resistant to SCN. The defining and reporting of RN resistance changed several times in the last 30 years, causing inconsistencies in RN resistance classification among multiple experiments. Comparison of four RN resistance classification methods was performed: (1) ≤10% as compared to the susceptible check, (2) using normalized reproduction index (RI) values, and transformed data (3) log10 (x) and (4) log10 (x+1), in an optimal univariate k-means clustering analysis. The method of transformed data log10 (x) was selected as the most accurate for classification of RN resistance. Among 418 PIs with reported SCN resistance, the log10 (x) method grouped 59 PIs (15%) as resistant, and 130 PIs (31%) as moderately resistant to RN. Genotyping of a subset of the most resistant PIs to both nematode species revealed their strong correlation with rhg1-a allele. This research identified genotypes with resistance to two nematode species and potential new sources of RN resistance that could be valuable to breeders in developing resistant cultivars.

The soybean cyst nematode: pervasive and destructive to soybean production in the mid-western United States.

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Tylka
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Future Outlook ◽  
Damage Symptoms

Abstract This chapter focuses on the economic importance, host range, geographical distribution, damage symptoms and biology and life cycle of the soyabean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, a pervasive and destructive pest to soyabean production in the mid-western USA. Some information on its interaction with other plant pathogens, the efficacy and optimization of some recommended integrated nematode management practices and future outlook and research requirements are also presented.

Nematicidal activity of ethanol solutions on soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Luma A. Pedroso ◽  
Vicente P. Campos ◽  
Aline F. Barros ◽  
Julio C.P. Silva ◽  
Gustavo M. Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Low Concentrations

Summary The cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, is a major pathogen of soybean in tropical regions, which demands novel sustainable management practices. In this work, the use of ethanol against H. glycines was evaluated as both a solution and a fumigant. On second-stage juveniles (J2) of H. glycines, ethanol at low concentration was more effective by direct dipping than by only fumigating the J2. Hatching was significantly reduced by direct dipping in ethanol solutions. Fumigation of H. glycines-infested soil with ethanol reduced infectivity by almost 100% and the number of eggs by about 67% at ethanol concentrations of 48% and 72%, respectively. Only the ethanol at 48% concentration significantly reduced the J2 lipid content, while J2 infectivity and the number of eggs were reduced by dipping at 6% ethanol. The J2 were internally altered by the ethanol solutions. Therefore, ethanol is toxic to H. glycines at low concentrations and affects its pathogenic behaviour rather than simply reducing the lipids.

scholarly journals Chromosome‐level reference genome of X12, a highly virulent race of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1637-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Lian ◽  
He Wei ◽  
Jinshe Wang ◽  
Chenfang Lei ◽  
Haichao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Reference Genome ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Highly Virulent ◽  
Chromosome Level

scholarly journals Accessions of Perennial Glycine Species With Resistance to Multiple Types of Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines)

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (7) ◽  
pp. 1201-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wen ◽  
C. Yuan ◽  
T. K. Herman ◽  
G. L. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Glycine Species ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines; HG) is a widely occurring and damaging pathogen that limits soybean production. Developing resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective method for managing this disease. Genes conferring SCN resistance in soybean have been identified; however, there are SCN populations that overcome known resistance genes. In order to identify additional sources of resistance and potentially new resistance genes, 223 plant introductions (PIs) of G. tomentella and 59 PIs of 12 other perennial Glycine species were inoculated with HG Types 0, HG 2, and HG 1.2.3, and then 36 PIs out of this set were further evaluated with HG Type 1.2.3.4.5.6.7, a population that overcomes all the resistance genes in soybean. Of 223 G. tomentella PIs evaluated, 86 were classified as resistant to three HG types, 69 as resistant to two HG types, and 22 as resistant to one HG type. Of the other 12 perennial Glycine species, all PIs of G. argyrea and G. pescadrensis were resistant to all three HG types. Of the 36 PIs challenged with HG Type 1.2.3.4.5.6.7, 35 were resistant with 16 showing no cyst reproduction. Our study confirms that there are high levels of resistance to SCN among the perennial Glycine species. This represents an untapped resource for use in genetic studies and for improving resistance to SCN in soybean.

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