scholarly journals An evaluation of historical fire occurrence, drought, and the El Nio Southern Oscillation in the greater Cross Timbers region, U.S.A.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Molly Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Cross Timbers ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Wildfire Occurrence ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
The Relationship

A concern over wildfire occurrence, and its relationship to drought and a changing climate has brought increased focus to the interface between the public and fire. Multiple factors, including an increase in fuel loading from decades of continuous fire suppression, changes in land use and ownership, and management strategies, are dampening the success of wildfire suppression rates in some ecosystems. Wildfire occurrence is influenced by many factors ranging from drought and climate oscillations at the regional level to fuel availability and land-use at the site level. This study evaluates and explores the extent, frequency, seasonality, and severity of fires across the Cross Timbers, and through time. Historical fire events were reconstructed at three new study sites in unrepresented geographic locations. Fire event chronologies were developed from fire scars spanning three centuries. These chronologies were compared with data from ten existing sites to evaluate fire regime characteristics and changes at a regional scale. Findings suggest that, while fire frequency has increased following EuropeanAmerican Settlement, fire severity has trended downward. Site differences in fire occurrence exist across the greater Cross Timbers region. The results of this study indicate a prevalence of dormant season fire across the greater Cross Timbers region. Fire events were 2-7 times more frequent when considered at a regional scale. Some of the strongest ENSO signals yet detected in any tree-ring data worldwide are in post oak chronologies of Texas and Oklahoma. Little is known about how the role of climate differs in driving fire occurrence at the site to regional scale. In this region, many studies have attempted to explore how climate drives fire at the site level, but inconsistencies in the results of these studies leave questions about the comparability of these conclusions, and the role of climate in altering climate activity at the regional scale. This study assessed the relationship between climate patterns on fire occurrence in the southcentral U.S. and evaluated the independent and interactive influences of drought and the ENSO on fire occurrences at both site and regional levels. The relationship between fire occurrence and drought was largely unclear at the site scale, but drought was found to be a significant driver of fire synchrony at the regional scale. Drier than expected conditions were observed in the year of fire events at the regional level. This relationship was less apparent in the post-European-American Settlement period.

scholarly journals FOREST CERTIFICATION AS A TOOL TO ENSURE THE BALANCE OF FORESTRY LAND USE

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Dankevych
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Forest Certification ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Forest Lands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The problem of ensuring the balanced use of forest lands determines the search for new economic and environmental tools that can influence this process. The need to improve the certification tool as part of the financial and economic mechanism for ensuring balanced forestry land use corresponds to the directions of state policy and European integration intentions of Ukraine, modern requirements of the ecological aspect of forestry land use. The work examines the practice in the field of forest certification in Ukraine from the point of view of balanced land use. Spatial-temporal analysis and assessment of the scale and dynamics of the spread of forest FSC certification in Ukraine has been carried out. The study was formed in three stages: (I) study of changes over time in the volume of forest certification on a national scale, (II) assessment of trends over time for indicators on a regional scale, (III) study of the relationship between individual indicators. The analysis of the impact of FSC-certification of forest management in Ukraine on the environmental indicators of forestry land use based on the results of the correlation between the statistical characteristics of certain economic and environmental indicators, such as the area of certified forests, capital investments, reforestation. Analysis of statistical data showed the relationship between environmental and economic performance over time and changes in specific characteristics on a regional scale. The study makes it possible, on the basis of an objectively existing causal relationship between phenomena and indicators, to identify the course of certain positive or negative processes in forestry land use. Forest certification can play a role in maintaining a balanced use of forest lands, preventing illegal logging, forest degradation and contributing to reforestation and capital investments. The study helps to identify certain key variables that limit the ability of forestry operators to ensure balanced use of forest lands and how forest certification can affect this. Foreign experience in stimulating forest certification has been investigated for the possibility of borrowing the experience of using management tools in order to motivate forest certification in Ukraine. It has been proven that certification is a significant environmental tool for ensuring a balanced level of land use and has the potential for further development.

SPATIAL PATTERNS OF ECONOMIC RENTS: DEVELOPING SUVARNABHUMI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, THAILAND

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650014
Author(s):  
CHAKARIN BEJRANANDA ◽  
YUK LEE ◽  
THANCHANOK BEJRANANDA
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Land Value ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
International Airport ◽  
The Relationship

With the rise of the importance of air transportation in the 21st century, the role of economics in airport planning and decision-making has become crucial to the urban structure and land values. This paper examines the relationship between an airport and its impact on the distribution of urban land uses and land values by applying the Alonso’s bid-rent model. Using Suvarnabhumi International Airport as a case study, the analysis was made over three different time periods of airport development. The statistical results confirm that: (i) Alonso’s model can be used to explain the impacts of the airport only for the northeast quadrant of the airport; (ii) proximity to the airport shows an inverse relationship with the land value of all six types of land use activities through three periods of time; and (iii) the land value for commercial land use is the most sensitive to the location of the airport compared to other types of land use activities.

scholarly journals Legacies of Indigenous land use shaped past wildfire regimes in the Basin-Plateau Region, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vachel A. Carter ◽  
Andrea Brunelle ◽  
Mitchell J. Power ◽  
R. Justin DeRose ◽  
Matthew F. Bekker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Wildfire Regimes ◽  
Indigenous Land

AbstractClimatic conditions exert an important influence on wildfire activity in the western United States; however, Indigenous farming activity may have also shaped the local fire regimes for millennia. The Fish Lake Plateau is located on the Great Basin–Colorado Plateau boundary, the only region in western North America where maize farming was adopted then suddenly abandoned. Here we integrate sedimentary archives, tree rings, and archeological data to reconstruct the past 1200 years of fire, climate, and human activity. We identify a period of high fire activity during the apex of prehistoric farming between 900 and 1400 CE, and suggest that farming likely obscured the role of climate on the fire regime through the use of frequent low-severity burning. Climatic conditions again became the dominant driver of wildfire when prehistoric populations abandoned farming around 1400 CE. We conclude that Indigenous populations shaped high-elevation mixed-conifer fire regimes on the Fish Lake Plateau through land-use practices.

scholarly journals Material Conditions and Well-Being in Old Age: the Role of Contextual Factors at Regional Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 712-712
Author(s):  
Michal Myck ◽  
Martina Brandt ◽  
Claudius Garten ◽  
Monika Oczkowska ◽  
Alina Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Local Public Services ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In our Beethoven project “Age-well” we examine the role of regional contextual factors for the relationship between individual wellbeing and material conditions over time, using a unique combination of individual and regional level longitudinal data. The analyses consider a broad range of regional, community-level indicators for two countries, Germany and Poland, both characterised by rapid population ageing and significant regional variation in the standard of living. These variables, including local indicators of economic conditions and public services, are combined with detailed individual-level information on wellbeing from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). This data match allows us to study the degree to which regional contexts affect the relationship between individual material conditions and wellbeing in later life. Local public services are shown to mediate the importance of individual level resources for wellbeing confirming an important channel through which public policy can improve welfare of older people.

scholarly journals DRIVERS OF BURNED AREA PATTERNS IN CERRADO: THE CASE OF MATOPIBA REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W12-2020 ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
P. S. Silva ◽  
J. A. Rodrigues ◽  
F. L. M. Santos ◽  
A. A. Pereira ◽  
J. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The World ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Relevant Role

Abstract. The Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) is one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in the world. Being a fire-dependent biome, its structure and vegetation dynamics are shaped by and rely on the natural occurring fire regime. Over the last decades, Cerrado has been increasingly threatened by accelerated land cover changes, namely the uncontrolled and intense use of fire for land expansion. This is particularly seen in Brazil’s new agricultural frontier in northeastern Cerrado: the MATOPIBA region. Changes in MATOPIBA’s fire regime resulting from this rapid expansion are still poorly understood. Here we use satellite-derived datasets to analyze burned area patterns in MATOPIBA over the last 18 years, at the microregions level. We further evaluate the role of climate and land use in spatial and temporal burned area variability and assess their trends in the last two decades. Results show an increased contribution of MATOPIBA to Cerrado’s total burned area over the last few years: Maranhão and Tocantins present the highest values of total burned area with some microregions burning more than twice its area over the study period. Climate is shown to play a relevant role in MATOPIBA’s fire activity, explaining 52% of the interannual variance, whereas land use and burned area were found to have more complex interactions that are highly dependent on the regional context. Lastly, climate and land use drivers are found to have an overall increasing trend over the last two decades, whereas burned area trends show much heterogeneity within MATOPIBA.

scholarly journals Regional Policy as a Factor in Shaping Regional Development in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Maciej Czaplewski ◽  
Rafał Klóska
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Intentional Actions ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

AbstractRegional development is firmly rooted in the theory of land management, and today’s considerations and analyses in this area are gaining special importance. The relationship between specific conditions and the observed effects of regional development was considered under various theoretical concepts. Additionally, the interdependence of processes taking place on the international, national and regional level renders it necessary to pursue, inter alia, an effective regional policy. In this study, particular attention was given to the premises and objectives of intentional actions taken both at supra-regional level (inter-regional policy) and regional level (intra-regional policy). The theoretical considerations concerning the regional policy carried out were supplemented with current statistics regarding the development of regions in Poland. The aim of the study is to show the role of regional policy in shaping regional development and to analyse its current state on the basis of own research using multidimensional comparative analysis (MCA) methods. The considerations presented in the article lead to the conclusion that regional policy is an important factor in regional development, and the presented research results allow to assess the current level and diversity of this development in Poland.

Correlating Mushroom Habitats and Geology in Grevena Prefecture (Greece) with the Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Tsiaras ◽  
Christos Domakinis
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Geological Formations ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Geological Background

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between geological background and habitats of mushrooms. The study area is Grevena, a Prefecture of Greece well known for the great variety of the fungal flora and its distinctive geology. Thematic maps of the study area were produced with the use of GIS, taking under consideration geological formations, elevation, ecosystems and land use. Findings provide evidence that certain mushrooms are more likely to be found in specific ecosystems. The connection between forest ecosystems and the geology of the study area is more apparent, as certain forest types are related with specific geological formations; due to the insignificant presence of grasslands and riverine settings in the study area, it is not possible to assess the role of the geological formation for these mushroom habitats.

scholarly journals Road Network and the Spatial Distribution of Wildfires in the Valencian Community (1993–2015)

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Zambon ◽  
Artemi Cerdà ◽  
Pavel Cudlin ◽  
Pere Serra ◽  
Silvia Pili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Wildfire Occurrence ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscapes ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Prone Area

Understanding the role of wildfire drivers is essential to implement more effective prevention strategies at the regional scale and to promote specific mitigation actions at the local scale. By considering municipalities as the elementary analysis domain, the present study investigates the spatial distribution of wildfires (1993–2015) in the Valencian Community, a Mediterranean fire-prone area with variable climate regimes, heterogeneous landscapes and increasing human pressure. Assuming that a denser road network increases the probability of wildfire occurrence, results of a quantitative analysis exploring the relationship between spatial location of ignition points and roads were presented. The empirical findings of this study contribute to ascertain the role of roads as a direct (or indirect) cause of wildfires in the Mediterranean region.

scholarly journals Wildfire Impact and the “Fire Paradox” in a Natural and Endemic Pine Forest Stand and Shrubland

Fire ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Arévalo ◽  
Agustín Naranjo-Cigala
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Fire Occurrence

Fire is a powerful force that has shaped forests for thousands of years. It also provokes widespread social concern due to possible economic damage, social effects, impact on homes and properties, and other social effects including fatalities. Regions with seasonal variations in aridity have a fire regime dependent on climate resulting from the role of precipitation and temperature in fire occurrence, implying a synchrony of fire occurrence at regional scale. This spatial and temporal variation of fire regimes regulates the structure, diversity, regeneration dynamics, and nutrient cycle of an area. In the Canary Islands, fires are recurrent in pine forests, although their occurrence in the same area more than once within a 20-year period is rare. The main aim of this work is to reveal, over a 50-year period, fire occurrence and impact on the Canary Islands and how the islands are immersed in a “fire paradox”—a process typical of protected areas, where fire suppression becomes one of the main aims of forest management.

Modelling wildfire occurrence at regional scale from Land Use/Cover and climate change scenarios

2021 ◽  
pp. 105200
Author(s):  
L. Vilar ◽  
S. Herrera ◽  
E. Tafur-García ◽  
M. Yebra ◽  
J. Martínez-Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Wildfire Occurrence
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