scholarly journals Instability in a palladium hydride system due to a fast electrical perturbation caused by a pulsed power system

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Julian Baker
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Electrical Explosion ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Palladium Hydride ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Energy Pulse ◽  
Loading Ratio ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Highly Loaded

Nanoporous palladium with a specific surface area of 29.12 m2g-1 was created using highly loaded palladium hydride wires subjected to a fast electrical pulse of energy. The delivered energy of approximately 0.5 J was insufficient to melt unloaded palladium wires, but in contrast, caused highly loaded palladium hydride wires to disintegrate. An element such as palladium, which was studied in these experiments, has the capacity to store hydrogen and deuterium to extremely high concentrations. Additionally, electrical explosion experiments of palladium hydride wires were performed on single samples at the loading ratios ranging from 0.5 up to 0.96, approaching the highest experimentally achieved loading ratio of 1. It was found that nanoporous palladium was created by the pulsing of palladium hydride wires at loading ratios higher than the threshold of 0.6. Each additional increase in the hydrogen loading ratio caused an accompanying increase in the surface area. In contrast, when the hydrogen loading ratio was below 0.6 the wire remained intact and there was no nanoporosity produced. Finally, a novel calorimetry technique was used to determine the relative amount of energy released from a wire during a fast, low energy pulse. Statistical analysis using Dunnett's T3 test with a significance level of 0.05 was performed on the experimental data, and showed a statistical difference between the means of the control (i.e. unloaded palladium wires) when compared to PdH0.72 and PdH0.9, and a statistical difference when comparing the control mean to PdD0.5 and PdD0.87.

Differential Bone-Refuse Accumulation in Food-Preparation and Traffic Areas on an Early Ecuadorian House Floor

1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Stahl ◽  
James A. Zeidler
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Traffic Area ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
House Floor

Ethnographic observations of floor formation in an occupied and an abandoned Achuar jea dwelling structure are combined with contemporary taphonomic studies of swept and trampled surfaces. These studies suggest that refuse accumulation and incorporation are markedly different in food-preparation areas with ash deposits around fixed hearth features when compared to regularly trampled traffic areas of domestic earthen house floors. These points are examined in the horizontal and vertical analysis of highly fragmented bone remains in an Early Formative domestic house floor at the site of Real Alto, in the coastal lowlands of southwestern Ecuador. The food-preparation area of the Structure 1 house floor contained high concentrations of bone specimens characterized by their large size (over 25 mm), broad surface area, low bulk density, and greater total weight, vertically distributed throughout the ash matrix. The traffic area contained bone specimens characterized by their small size (under 25 mm), narrow surface area, high bulk density, and lower total weight, distributed unevenly in vertical profile. The horizontal distribution of fish bone only partially followed the observed pattern, as a proportionately greater amount of large fish bone was located in the traffic area. This analysis demonstrates the potential utility of bone refuse as a sensitive and reliable taphonomic indicator for inferential arguments regarding house-floor deposition.

scholarly journals Micro-CT Evaluation of Non-instrumented Canal Areas with Different Enlargements Performed by NiTi Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo De-Deus ◽  
Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna ◽  
Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva ◽  
Juliana Roter Marins ◽  
Erick Miranda Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Isotropic Resolution ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Mandibular Molars ◽  
Canal Surfaces ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ct Evaluation

The aim of this study was to compare the percentage of non-instrumented area of root canals prepared with different enlargements using single-file reciprocating systems (Reciproc and WaveOne) and a conventional multi-file rotary (BioRaCe) system by micro-computed tomographic analysis. Thirty mesial roots of mandibular molars with moderate curvature (10° to 20°) presenting a type II Vertucci canal configuration and similar internal volume were chosen and scanned at an isotropic resolution of 14.16 µm. The sample was assigned to 3 groups (n=10) according to the system used for root canal preparation: Reciproc, WaveOne, and BioRaCe groups. Second and third scans were taken after the canals were prepared with instruments sizes 25 and 40, respectively. The recorded images of the surface area voxels of the canals, before and after preparation were examined from the furcation level to the apex to quantify the non-instrumented surface. Statistical data were compared using GLM for repeated-measures with a significance level set at 5%. Instrumentation systems did not influence the percentage of untouched root canal surfaces (p=0.690) whilst a significant reduction in the percentage of static voxels was observed after the enlargement of the root canal (p=0.010) in all groups (p=0.507). None of the systems was able to prepare the entire surface area of the mesial root canal of mandibular molars. The increased final apical size resulted in a significant positive effect on the shaping ability of the tested systems.

scholarly journals Implementation methodology of practices based on scientific evidence for assistance in natural delivery: a pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 716-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clodoaldo Tentes Côrtes ◽  
Rafael Cleison Silva dos Santos ◽  
Adriana de Souza Caroci ◽  
Sheyla Guimarães Oliveira ◽  
Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcelos de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test

AbstractOBJECTIVEPresenting methodology for transferring knowledge to improve maternal outcomes in natural delivery based on scientific evidence.METHOD: An intervention study conducted in the maternity hospital of Itapecerica da Serra, SP, with 50 puerperal women and 102 medical records from July to November 2014. The PACES tool from Joanna Briggs Institute, consisting of pre-clinical audit (phase 1), implementation of best practice (phase 2) and Follow-up Clinical Audit (phase 3) was used. Data were analyzed by comparing results of phases 1 and 3 with Fisher's exact test and a significance level of 5%.RESULTSThe vertical position was adopted by the majority of puerperal women with statistical difference between phases 1 and 3. A significant increase in bathing/showering, walking and massages for pain relief was found from the medical records. No statistical difference was found in other practices and outcomes. Barriers and difficulties in the implementation of evidence-based practices have been identified. Variables were refined, techniques and data collection instruments were verified, and an intervention proposal was made.CONCLUSIONThe study found possibilities for implementing a methodology of practices based on scientific evidence for assistance in natural delivery.

Investigation of University Students Attitudes Towards Healthy Eating in Terms of Some Variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3341-3343
Author(s):  
Ayça Genç ◽  
Denizhan Kaya
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

The aim of this study is to examine the attitudes of university students towards healthy eating in terms of some variables. 322 students (170 male, 152 female) from Bartın University Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health Services Vocational School participated in the study. "Attitude Scale Towards Healthy Eating" developed by Tekkurşun Demir and Cicioğlu (2019) and a personal data form were used as data collection tools in the research. SPSS 20 package program was used in the analysis of the data. In the analysis of normally distributed data, the Independent Samples T test was used in pairwise comparison, and the significance level was taken as p<0.05. When the gender and attitude scores and sub-dimensions of the groups participating in the study were examined, it was found that men's attitudes towards healthy eating, feelings about nutrition and positive nutrition scores were higher than women, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p>.05). When the variable of taking the nutrition lesson of the groups and the scores and sub-dimensions of the attitudes towards healthy nutrition were examined, it was determined that the students who took the nutrition lesson had higher attitude levels towards healthy nutrition, but there was no statistically significant difference (p>.05). There was no statistical difference between the department variable and the scores of attitudes towards healthy eating, and between the sub-dimensions of knowledge about nutrition, feeling towards nutrition and malnutrition (p>.05), but a statistical difference was found between the groups in the sub-dimension of positive nutrition (p<.05). As a result, the gender of the participants and the variable of taking a nutrition course do not affect the attitude towards healthy eating, while the section variable causes a difference in the positive nutrition sub-dimension. Keywords: Healthy diet, University students, Gender

Abstract 3770: Concentration-dependent Divergent Hypertrophic Effects of Estrogen in Adult Ventricular Myocytes

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Kilic ◽  
Sabzali A Javadov ◽  
Morris Karmazyn
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Synthetic Analog ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Cell Surface Area ◽  
High Concentrations

High concentrations of estrogen have been shown to attenuate myocardial hypertrophy and left ventricular remodeling. However, the effects of low concentration of estrogen observed in postmenopausal women on cardiac hypertrophy have not been studied. In the present study we examined the effects of high (0.1 and 1 nM) and low (1 and 10 pM) concentration of the synthetic analog of estradiol, 17β-estradiol (E2) on adult cardiomyocytes (CMs). CMs were isolated from adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. The cells were used immediately after isolation to measure pH i or cultured to assess hypertrophic phenotype (cell surface area), gene markers (atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP), and protein activation. Low concentration of E2 (1 and 10 pM) increased cell surface area (females: 20%, P <0.05; males: 28%, P <0.05) and ANP expression (females: 394%, P <0.05; males: 497%, P <0.05) after 24 h. However, high concentrations (0.1 and 1 nM) of E2 did not induce cell hypertrophy but instead blocked the hypertrophic effect of the α 1 -agonist phenylephrinerophy. The pro-hypertrophic effect of low concentration of E2 was prevented by the sodium-hydrogen exchange isoform 1 (NHE-1) specific inhibitor AVE-4890 (AVE, 5 μM) suggesting involvement of NHE-1 in mediating the E2-induced hypertrophy. Fluorometric measurements with the pH i -sensitive dye BCECF demonstrated that a 1 pM E2 increased the pH i (females: +0.05 pH units; males +0.12 pH units, P <0.05) by a rapid non-genomic mechanism that was blocked by AVE. On the other hand, 1 nM E2 decreased the pH i (females: −0.24 pH units, P <0.05; males: −0.07 pH units, P <0.05) and this effect was also prevented by AVE. The NHE-1-mediated pro-hypertrophic effect of 1 pM E2 was dependent on phosphorylation of ERK1/2 MAPK since the effect was blocked with the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (10 μM) and there was no gender difference on ERK1/2 activation. E2 has a dual concentration-dependent role in adult CMs as manifested by a pro-hypertrophic effect at low concentrations (1 and 10 pM), and conversely, an anti-hypertrophic effect at high concentrations (0.1 and 1 nM). The pro-hypertrophic effect of E2 is mediated, at least in part, through ERK1/2/NHE-1 activation.

scholarly journals Satisfaction of nutritionists who work in food service

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayane Luizi da COSTA ◽  
Lize STANGARLIN-FIORI ◽  
Renata Labronici BERTIN ◽  
Caroline Opolski MEDEIROS
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression ◽  
The State ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Professional Activities

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the job satisfaction of nutritionists who work in food service in the state of Paraná (Brazil). Methods A survey was carried out with 249 nutritionists through a semi-structured online questionnaire, which assessed their profile, professional activities, and job satisfaction. The Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests and the ordinal logistic regression at a 5% significance level were applied to evaluate the differences and relationship between job satisfaction and the independent variables. Results The average age of the survey participants was 31.9±6.4 years, the majority was female (95.58%), and graduated between 2000 and 2016 (90.36%). The survey revealed that 55.41% of the nutritionists were satisfied at work, 33.68% were indifferent, 6.86% were highly satisfied, and 4.04% were dissatisfied. The variables that influenced job satisfaction the most were age, years of training, income, and workdays in the week. Income explained satisfaction positively. There was statistical difference in relation to the satisfaction of participants regarding their knowledge on food service (p=0.0350), completion of postgraduate courses (p=0.0082), and interest in working in an area of nutrition other than food service (p<0.0001). Conclusion Although most professionals are satisfied, many were indifferent to job satisfaction, which may reflect a low perspective on their current job or poor experience in the food service. These results suggest the need for further actions aiming at raising nutritionists’ perceived professional importance.

scholarly journals Adsorptive removal of azithromycin from aqueous solutions using raw and saponin-modified nano diatomite

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-949
Author(s):  
Siavash Davoodi ◽  
Behnaz Dahrazma ◽  
Nasser Goudarzi ◽  
Hajar Ghasemian Gorji
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract This study aims to investigate the performance and mechanism of raw (R-ND) and saponin-modified nano diatomite (M-ND) in the removal of azithromycin from aqueous solutions. Adsorbent characterization was performed using X-ray fluorescence, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. It was shown that the specific surface area of R-ND was 119.5 m2/g, 14-fold higher than that for raw diatomite, and for M-ND it was 90.1 m2/g. Various adsorption conditions, i.e. adsorbent dosage, pH, initial concentration and contact time were investigated. According to the results, despite reducing the specific surface area by 25%, modification of nano diatomite by saponin markedly enhanced its performance in the removal of azithromycin. The maximum adsorption capacity of R-ND and M-ND in the removal of azithromycin was 68 and 91.7 mg/g, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results revealed that azithromycin was adsorbed by O-H groups on the diatomite surface. Weber–Morris intra-particle diffusion (IPD) model suggested that while IPD is not the rate-controlling step in high concentrations of azithromycin, it is the only step that controls the rate of adsorption in low concentrations. In comparison to R-ND, M-ND showed a higher efficiency in the removal of azithromycin and, therefore, it can be used as a promising low-cost adsorbent to remove azithromycin from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals SOME DETAILS OF FOREST FIRE STATISTICS IN BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Viana Soares1 ◽  
Juliana Ferreira Santos ◽  
Antonio Carlos Batista
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Fire Statistics ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Previous Group

The objective of this research was to answer some questions about forest fire occurrence in Brazil. A total of 19,377 fires were analyzed in the period 1998 – 2002. Tabulated data, in percentage, were transformed throughand then submitted to the analysis of variance. The means were compared through the SNK test at 5% significance level. Results showed significant differences both, in number of fires and burned areas along the months of the year. August was the month with higher number of fires, followed by July, October and September; August, September and November presented the highest burned areas. Significant differences were also detected among the group causes and along the daily hours. Incendiary was the leading cause, statistically different from the other groups, both in number of fires and burned area. About 69% of the fires, corresponding to 66% of the burned area occurred between 12 noon to 6:00 PM. Number of fires starting hourly, from 1:00 PM to 4:00 PM, didn’t differ statistically among them, but were significantly different from the other daily hours. As for the burned areas, fires starting at 5:00 PM should be included in the previous group. No statistical difference was detected among the days of the week both, for the number of fires and the burned areas, showing that, on the contrary of the popular belief, fires don’t preferentially occur during the weekends.  

scholarly journals Performance of two parallel covered lagoon digesters in the treatment of pig farm wastewaters

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
Antonella Araujo de Almeida ◽  
André Pereira Rosa ◽  
Izabelle de Paula Sousa ◽  
Juciara Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Silas Modesto de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Pig Farming ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Pig Farm

Pig farming moves a large part of the Brazilian economy. However, due to the high polluting potential, alternatives to treat and take advantage of the effluents must be developed, being the use of digesters a possible solution. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of two parallel covered lagoon digesters (CLD) in the treatment of swine wastewater. Monitoring was performed on a farm installed in Teixeiras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in terms of COD in the period from August 2018 to July 2019. The study demonstrated that COD removal efficiency in the CLD was 40.2 and 39.5%, which did not indicate a statistical difference at a 5% significance level. The two digesters in parallel were compatible with each other in terms of COD reduction. Furthermore, individually they did not present significant changes in their performance in the summer and winter periods.

scholarly journals Kanola Üretiminde Maliyet Faktörlerindeki Değişimin Analizi: Çanakkale İli Örneği

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2449-2452
Author(s):  
Arif Semerci ◽  
Ahmet Duran çelik
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Scale Economy ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Enterprise Groups ◽  
Inventory Method ◽  
Enterprise Size

According to the data of 2018, Çanakkale City was 5th in Turkey’s total canola production with a proportional share of 7.50%. In this study, differences in input usage amounts and input costs were analysed according to the enterprise size. The data of the study were gathered from 83 canola producers who produced canola in 2018 in the Çanakkale Province by the Complete Inventory Method. According to the research results, there was a statistical difference in pesticide cost at a 5% significance level between small- and large-scale enterprises. In terms of input usage per unit area, there was a statistical difference at a 5% significance level in machinery power usage according to the enterprise size. Furthermore, there wasn’t any statistical difference in input usage between enterprise groups which indicates that large scale enterprises aren’t benefiting from the positive aspects of the scale economy. Therefore, agricultural production in general and canola production in particular should be supported with different tools and different methods in the medium and long terms.

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