Evaluation of modulus of polycaprolactone fused deposition modeling 3D printed tissue scaffolds

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Harris
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Tissue Scaffolds ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed

scholarly journals Mechanobiological Approach to Design and Optimize Bone Tissue Scaffolds 3D Printed with Fused Deposition Modeling: A Feasibility Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Percoco ◽  
Antonio Emmanuele Uva ◽  
Michele Fiorentino ◽  
Michele Gattullo ◽  
Vito Modesto Manghisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Tissue Scaffolds ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Filament Diameter ◽  
Optimal Distance ◽  
Fabrication Errors ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Difference

In spite of the rather large use of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique for the fabrication of scaffolds, no studies are reported in the literature that optimize the geometry of such scaffold types based on mechanobiological criteria. We implemented a mechanobiology-based optimization algorithm to determine the optimal distance between the strands in cylindrical scaffolds subjected to compression. The optimized scaffolds were then 3D printed with the FDM technique and successively measured. We found that the difference between the optimized distances and the average measured ones never exceeded 8.27% of the optimized distance. However, we found that large fabrication errors are made on the filament diameter when the filament diameter to be realized differs significantly with respect to the diameter of the nozzle utilized for the extrusion. This feasibility study demonstrated that the FDM technique is suitable to build accurate scaffold samples only in the cases where the strand diameter is close to the nozzle diameter. Conversely, when a large difference exists, large fabrication errors can be committed on the diameter of the filaments. In general, the scaffolds realized with the FDM technique were predicted to stimulate the formation of amounts of bone smaller than those that can be obtained with other regular beam-based scaffolds.

Biodegradable 3D Printed Polymer Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Luzuriaga ◽  
Danielle R. Berry ◽  
John C. Reagan ◽  
Ronald A. Smaldone ◽  
Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Microfabrication Technique ◽  
Mechanical Strengths

Biodegradable polymer microneedle (MN) arrays are an emerging class of transdermal drug delivery devices that promise a painless and sanitary alternative to syringes; however, prototyping bespoke needle architectures is expensive and requires production of new master templates. Here, we present a new microfabrication technique for MNs using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing using polylactic acid, an FDA approved, renewable, biodegradable, thermoplastic material. We show how this natural degradability can be exploited to overcome a key challenge of FDM 3D printing, in particular the low resolution of these printers. We improved the feature size of the printed parts significantly by developing a post fabrication chemical etching protocol, which allowed us to access tip sizes as small as 1 μm. With 3D modeling software, various MN shapes were designed and printed rapidly with custom needle density, length, and shape. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that our method resulted in needle tip sizes in the range of 1 – 55 µm, which could successfully penetrate and break off into porcine skin. We have also shown that these MNs have comparable mechanical strengths to currently fabricated MNs and we further demonstrated how the swellability of PLA can be exploited to load small molecule drugs and how its degradability in skin can release those small molecules over time.

scholarly journals Controlling magnetic properties of 3D-printed magnetic elastomer structures via fused deposition modeling

AIP Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 025223
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Calascione ◽  
Nathan A. Fischer ◽  
Thomas J. Lee ◽  
Hannah G. Thatcher ◽  
Brittany B. Nelson-Cheeseman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed

scholarly journals Pressure Orientation-Dependent Recovery of 3D-Printed PLA Objects with Varying Infill Degree

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Ehrmann ◽  
Andrea Ehrmann
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Static Load ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
3D Printed

Poly(lactic acid) is not only one of the most often used materials for 3D printing via fused deposition modeling (FDM), but also a shape-memory polymer. This means that objects printed from PLA can, to a certain extent, be deformed and regenerate their original shape automatically when they are heated to a moderate temperature of about 60–100 °C. It is important to note that pure PLA cannot restore broken bonds, so that it is necessary to find structures which can take up large forces by deformation without full breaks. Here we report on the continuation of previous tests on 3D-printed cubes with different infill patterns and degrees, now investigating the influence of the orientation of the applied pressure on the recovery properties. We find that for the applied gyroid pattern, indentation on the front parallel to the layers gives the worst recovery due to nearly full layer separation, while indentation on the front perpendicular to the layers or diagonal gives significantly better results. Pressing from the top, either diagonal or parallel to an edge, interestingly leads to a different residual strain than pressing from front, with indentation on top always firstly leading to an expansion towards the indenter after the first few quasi-static load tests. To quantitatively evaluate these results, new measures are suggested which could be adopted by other groups working on shape-memory polymers.

Development of three-dimensional printing filaments based on poly(lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite composites with potential for tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832098856
Author(s):  
Marcela Piassi Bernardo ◽  
Bruna Cristina Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Luiz Henrique Capparelli Mattoso
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed

Injured bone tissues can be healed with scaffolds, which could be manufactured using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) strategy. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most biocompatible polymers suitable for FDM, while hydroxyapatite (HA) could improve the bioactivity of scaffold due to its chemical composition. Therefore, the combination of PLA/HA can create composite filaments adequate for FDM and with high osteoconductive and osteointegration potentials. In this work, we proposed a different approache to improve the potential bioactivity of 3D printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering by increasing the HA loading (20-30%) in the PLA composite filaments. Two routes were investigated regarding the use of solvents in the filament production. To assess the suitability of the FDM-3D printing process, and the influence of the HA content on the polymer matrix, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The HA phase content of the composite filaments agreed with the initial composite proportions. The wettability of the 3D printed scaffolds was also increased. It was shown a greener route for obtaining composite filaments that generate scaffolds with properties similar to those obtained by the solvent casting, with high HA content and great potential to be used as a bone graft.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EXTRUSION PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 3D PRINTED PLA PRODUCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Nanang Ali Sutisna ◽  
Rakha Amrillah Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
3D Digital Models

The method of producing items through synchronously depositing material level by level, based on 3D digital models, is named Additive Manufacturing (AM) or 3D-printing. Amongs many AM methods, the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique along with PLA (Polylactic acid) material is commonly used in additive manufacturing. Until now, the mechanical properties of the AM components could not be calculated or estimated until they've been assembled and checked. In this work, a novel approach is suggested as to how the extrusion process affects the mechanical properties of the printed component to obtain how the parts can be manufactured or printed to achieve improved mechanical properties. This methodology is based on an experimental procedure in which the combination of parameters to achieve an optimal from a manufacturing experiment and its value can be determined, the results obtained show the effect of the extrusion process affects the mechanical properties.

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