Culturally speaking : media, intimacy, and the vocal dimension of race and gender

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amanda Nell Edgar
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gendered Identities ◽  
Saturday Night Live ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] This project examines the racial and gendered meanings of vocal sound, focusing specifically on the ways voices and their cultural associations are circulated through media. I employ methods and theoretical assumptions drawn from cultural studies, rhetoric, and feminist and critical race theory to examine mediated voices. The traditional textual analysis methods and more innovative approaches specific to vocal communication studies I outline here are designed to map the relationship between two tenets of vocal ideology: vocal identity and vocal intimacy. Through this project, then, I extend previous literature on vocal sound's ability to construct and communicate aspects of racial and gendered identities. Additionally, this study theorizes the way these identities work with media's structures and the broader cultural context to encourage a sense of intimacy for consumers. The theoretical tenets of what I call "critical cultural vocalics" are concretized through analyses of Morgan Freeman's acting career, political impersonations on Saturday Night Live, and Whitevoice impressions by stand-up comedians of color. By examining these two intersecting and co-constitutive processes in the context of three case studies, I propose and demonstrate a critical cultural vocalics designed to foreground the ways vocal identity and vocal intimacy work together to idealize particular performances of race and gender through media's voices.

Mixed emotions and adjustment across development and cultures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kim Sangsun
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
North American ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Mixed Emotions ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Emerging literature on mixed emotions has reported inconsistent relationships between mixed emotions and psychological adjustment, and little is known about how mixed emotion regulation is related to adjustment. The current research aims to investigate how individuals experience and regulate mixed emotions and how mixed emotions relate to adjustment across development and cultures. Three studies address these aims by developing a measure of momentary mixed emotions and mixed emotion regulation (Study 1), examining moderating effects of age and developmental variables in the relationship between mixed emotions and adjustment among adolescents and young adults (Study 2), and examining the role of cultural context in the relation of mixed emotions to adjustment in East-Asian and North-American young adults (Study 3). The results from Study 1 supported the reliability and validity of our new measure, the Complex Emotions Questionnaire (CEQ), showing that individuals’ tendencies to approach their mixed emotions predict positive adjustment, whereas tendencies to avoid mixed emotions predict maladjustment. The results from Study 2 also supported the utility of the CEQ across development, revealing no age differences in the relationship between mixed emotion regulation and adjustment. However, out results indicated that in adolescence, the occurrence of mixed emotions is associated with maladjustment regardless of its duration, unlike in young adulthood. Finally, the results from Study 3 showed that mixed emotions were more strongly associated with adjustment in our North-American sample than in our East-Asian sample, but individuals’ use of emotion regulation strategies were more similar than different across cultures. Implications of the current research and future directions are discussed.

Grading Teachers: Race and Gender Differences in Low Evaluation Ratings and Teacher Employment Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1800-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Drake ◽  
Amy Auletto ◽  
Joshua M. Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Charter Schools ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Teachers Of Color ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Teacher Labor Market ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

In July 2011, the State of Michigan adopted a broad set of teacher labor market reforms, including a high-stakes evaluation system designed in part to remove low-performing teachers. We examine the characteristics of teachers rated as “minimally effective” and “ineffective,” as well as their schools, and the relationship between low effectiveness ratings and later employment outcomes. Results suggest teachers of color across traditional and charter schools are more likely to receive low effectiveness ratings than their within-school peers. These low rating risks are higher for teachers of color working in comparatively White-faculty contexts. Male and novice teachers are also rated low more frequently, and important differences appear to exist in the usage of low ratings by traditional public and charter schools.

THOUGHTS ON THE WESTERN SAVANNAH AND SAHEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Spatial Frame ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractA recent revival of interest in the empires of the medieval western Savannah and Sahel has generated new insights into slavery, ethnicity, race, and gender in precolonial West Africa. New histories of medieval West Africa also expand the spatial frame through which the relationship between the region's polities and the broader world can be understood. This essay offers a survey of that literature.

scholarly journals Intersecting race and gender stereotypes: Implications for group-level attitudes

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1172-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis E. Phills ◽  
Amanda Williams ◽  
Jennifer M. Wolff ◽  
Ashley Smith ◽  
Rachel Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
South Asians ◽  
The United States ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Two studies examined the relationship between explicit stereotyping and prejudice by investigating how stereotyping of minority men and women may be differentially related to prejudice. Based on research and theory related to the intersectional invisibility hypothesis (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008), we hypothesized that stereotyping of minority men would be more strongly related to prejudice than stereotyping of minority women. Supporting our hypothesis, in both the United Kingdom (Study 1) and the United States (Study 2), when stereotyping of Black men and women were entered into the same regression model, only stereotyping of Black men predicted prejudice. Results were inconsistent in regard to South Asians and East Asians. Results are discussed in terms of the intersectional invisibility hypothesis (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008) and the gendered nature of the relationship between stereotyping and attitudes.

Friends in high places : two essays on the importance of corporate political connections

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Reza Houston
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Accounting Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] This study is an examination of the relationship between political connections and the undertaking of major firm events. In our first essay, presented in Chapter 3, we examine the impact politically connected appointments have on firm acquisition behavior. Using proxy statements, we create a unique database of politically connected bidders and merger targets. We find that bidders who hire connected individuals to the board or management team are more likely to avoid merger litigation. Connected bidders make more bids after the appointment. These firms also bid on larger targets. We determine there is a positive relation between the control premium and the relative of the target's connections. Connected acquirers have superior post-merger accounting performance, particularly when they acquire a connected target firm. In the second essay, presented in Chapter 4, we examine the relationship between political connections of private firms and the initial public offering process. Using registration statement information, we create a unique database of politically connected IPO firms. We find that political connections are substitutes to high-quality underwriters and big four auditors. Politically connected firms manage earnings more highly upward than non-connected firms prior to the public offering. Politically connected firms also exhibit less underpricing than non-connected firms. Politically connected IPO firms also have superior post-IPO returns relative to non-connected IPO firms.

Sometimes Leaving Means Staying: Race and White Teachers’ Emotional Investments

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (13) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Zeus Leonardo ◽  
Blanca Gamez-Djokic
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
White Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Educational Spaces ◽  
Critical Understanding ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Emotional praxis is not a phrase usually associated with teaching and teacher education. Yet when race enters educational spaces, emotions frequently run high. In particular, Whites are often ill-equipped to handle emotions about race, either becoming debilitated by them or consistently evading them. Without critically understanding the relationship between race and emotions—or, simply, racialized emotions—teachers are unprepared to teach one of the most important topics in modern education. This chapter addresses this gap in education and teacher training by surveying the philosophical, sociological, and burgeoning literature on emotion in education to arrive at critical knowledge about the function and constitutive role it plays in discourses on race. Specifically, the argument delves into white racial emotions in light of the known fact that most teachers in the United States are White women. This means that our critical understanding of emotion during the teaching and learning interaction entails appreciation of both its racialized and gendered dimensions, and attention to both race and gender becomes part of emotional praxis. Finally, the essay ends with a proposal for an intersubjective race theory of emotion in education.

scholarly journals pH Variability and its Relationship with Sarcomere Length and Free Calcium in Beef from Commercial Cattle in Puerto Rico

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. I. Torres-Burgos ◽  
H. Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
M. Pagán-Morales ◽  
A. Casas-Guernica ◽  
C. Calkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Sarcomere Length ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesResearch conducted at the University of Puerto Rico noted that beef with elevated pH values (> 5.86) resulted in more tender meat (P ≤ 0.05). It has been established that proteolytic degradation mechanisms can be influenced by pH and calcium concentration in muscle. Beef with pH values ≥ 5.86 is classified as Dark Firm and Dry (DFD) but there are negative implications associated with greater pH values. However, observations indicating increased tenderness with increased pH raise the question: can variations in pH be associated with differences in sarcomere length (SL) and free calcium concentration (FCC)? Therefore, the objectives of this project were to: (1) document pH distribution; (2) determine the incidence of DFD; and (3) evaluate the relationship between pH, SL, and FCC in commercial cattle harvested in Puerto Rico.Materials and MethodsLongissimus lumborum samples (n = 51) were obtained and background information was noted including number of permanent incisors (PI), type (Dairy or Beef), and gender. The pH values were used to categorize beef into the following groups: Low (≤ 5.40), Normal (5.41 to 5.59), High (5.60 to 5.85) and DFD (≥ 5.86). Meat was flash frozen, powdered, and placed on a microscope slide and a Helium-Neon laser was used to determine SL. A subset of samples was sent off and prepared at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for FCC quantification (Ward Laboratories; Kearney, NE) with an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (iCAP 6500 Radial; Thermo Electron, Cambridge, UK). All statistical analyses were conducted in SAS (9.4). The Proc FREQ was used to determine pH category distributions and incidence of DFD. The Proc GLIMMIX and Tukey adjustment (α = 0.05) were used to determine the effects of number of PI, type, and gender on pH category, SL and FCC. The Proc CORR was used to evaluate the relationship between pH category, SL and FCC.ResultsThe pH category distribution for the current samples was as follows: 3.92% Low, 41.18% Normal, 35.29% High and 19.61% DFD. The SL ranged from 1.69 to 1.46 mm with an average of 1.53 mm. The FCC ranged from 132.19 to 31.39 mM with an average of 64.23 mM. Longer sarcomeres were detected in cattle with eight and zero PI (1.57 and 1.56 mm, respectively); cattle with two and four PI had intermediate SL (1.53 and 1.52 mm, respectively), and cattle with six PI had the shortest sarcomeres (1.51 mm; P = 0.03). Dairy cattle had longer sarcomeres relative to beef cattle (1.56 vs. 1.52 mm; P = 0.02). Dairy cattle tended to have increased FCC relative to beef cattle (70.72 vs. 58.38 mM; P = 0.08). Also, FCC tended to be greater within the Normal and Low pH categories relative to the High and DFD categories (72.36 vs. 57.31 mM; P = 0.06). The SL and FCC had no relationship (P > 0.05) within the Low, Normal and High pH categories. However, DFD beef had longer SL (0.78; P = 0.01), while having decreased FCC (–0.66; P = 0.04).ConclusionOver half (54.90%) of the beef samples analyzed fell into the High and DFD pH categories, with nearly 20% being classified as DFD. Although, a clear relationship was not established between SL and FCC within the Low, Normal or High pH categories, the results indicate that the increased pH in samples surpassing the DFD threshold correspond to longer sarcomeres and decreased free calcium.

scholarly journals Whole genome comparisons of Staphylococcus agnetis isolates from cattle and chickens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkarim Shwani ◽  
Pamela R. F. Adkins ◽  
Nnamdi S. Ekesi ◽  
Adnan Alrubaye ◽  
Michael J. Calcutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Chicken Isolate ◽  
Broiler Farm ◽  
Molecular Relationships ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Genome Comparisons

AbstractS. agnetis has been previously associated with subclinical or clinically mild cases of mastitis in dairy cattle and is one of several Staphylococcal species that have been isolated from the bone and blood of lame broilers. We were the first to report that S. agnetis could be obtained frequently from bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) lesions of lame broilers. Further, we showed that a particular isolate of S. agnetis, chicken isolate 908, can induce lameness in over 50% of exposed chickens, far exceeding normal BCO incidences in broiler operations. We have previously reported the assembly and annotation of the genome of isolate 908. To better understand the relationship between dairy cattle and broiler isolates, we assembled 11 additional genomes for S. agnetis isolates, including an additional chicken BCO strain, and ten isolates from milk, mammary gland secretions or udder skin, from the collection at the University of Missouri. To trace phylogenetic relationships, we constructed phylogenetic trees based on multi-locus sequence typing, and Genome-to-Genome Distance Comparisons. Chicken isolate 908 clustered with two of the cattle isolates along with three isolates from chickens in Denmark and an isolate of S. agnetis we isolated from a BCO lesion on a commercial broiler farm in Arkansas. We used a number of BLAST tools to compare the chicken isolates to those from cattle and identified 98 coding sequences distinguishing isolate 908 from the cattle isolates. None of the identified genes explain the differences in host or tissue tropism. These analyses are critical to understanding how Staphylococci colonize and infect different hosts and potentially how they can transition to alternative niches (bone vs dermis).ImportanceStaphylococcus agnetis has been recently recognized as associated with disease in dairy cattle and meat type chickens. The infections appear to be limited in cattle and systemic in broilers. This report details the molecular relationships between cattle and chicken isolates in order to understand how this recently recognized species infects different hosts with different disease manifestations. The data show the chicken and cattle isolates are very closely related but the chicken isolates all cluster together suggesting a single jump from cattle to chickens.

scholarly journals Hvem publiserer hva? Hvordan kjønn påvirker publiseringsgrad

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Øystein Gullvåg Holter ◽  
Lotta Snickare ◽  
Greta Gober
Keyword(s):  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
University Of Oslo ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
Publishing Practices

Who is Publishing What? How Gender Influences Publication This chapter examines scholarly publishing within the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at the University of Oslo from a gendered perspective. The question posed is whether women publish less than men, and if so, why. Based on self-reported publishing volumes, the study applies multivariable methods to investigate the relationship between the number of publications and factors such as position, total worktime and gender. The analyses show that gender has little significance when these other factors are entered into the model. The results are discussed in light of other studies on publishing practices.

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