Analysis of interactions between the germline RNA helicases (GLHs) and their regulators KGB-1 and CSN-5 in Caenorhabditis elegans

Germline RNA helicases couple RNA binding to P granule assembly at nuclear periphery

10.1101/760256 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Wenjun Chen ◽

Yabing Hu ◽

Charles Lang ◽

Jordan S Brown ◽

Xiaoyan Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Fate ◽

Rna Binding ◽

Rna Binding Proteins ◽

Nuclear Periphery ◽

Liquid Droplets ◽

Rna Helicases ◽

Granule Formation ◽

P Granules ◽

Germ Granules ◽

Germline Rna Helicases

ABSTRACTP granules are phase-separated liquid droplets that play important roles in the maintenance of the germ cell fate in C. elegans. The localization and formation of P granules are highly dynamic, but mechanisms that regulate such processes remain poorly understood. Here we show that germline RNA helicases (GLHs) control the formation and disassembly of germ granules through their binding and release of RNAs, respectively. In addition, the FGG repeats in the GLHs promote the formation of germ granules at the perinucleus. Proteomic analyses of a mutation that traps RNA-bound GLH-1 complex revealed transient interactions of GLH-1 with several Argonautes and RNA binding proteins. Finally, we found that defects in perinuclear P granule formation correlate with the fertility defects observed in various GLH mutants. Together, our results highlight the versatile roles of RNA helicases in controlling the formation of liquid droplets in space and time.

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Combinatorial RNA interference indicates GLH-4 can compensate for GLH-1; these two P granule components are critical for fertility in C. elegans

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.127.13.2907 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 127 (13) ◽

pp. 2907-2916 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

K.A. Kuznicki ◽

P.A. Smith ◽

W.M. Leung-Chiu ◽

A.O. Estevez ◽

H.C. Scott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rna Interference ◽

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Pattern Formation ◽

Zinc Fingers ◽

Polar Granule ◽

Rna Helicases ◽

Germline Development ◽

P Granules ◽

C Elegans ◽

Embryonic Pattern Formation

We report that four putative germline RNA helicases, GLHs, are components of the germline-specific P granules in Caenorhabditis elegans. GLH-3 and GLH-4, newly discovered, belong to a multi-gene glh family. Although GLHs are homologous to Drosophila VASA, a polar granule component necessary for oogenesis and embryonic pattern formation, the GLHs are distinguished by containing multiple CCHC zinc fingers. RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) reveals the GLHs are critical for oogenesis. By RNAi at 20 degrees C, when either loss of GLH-1 or GLH-4 alone has no effect, loss of both GLH-1 and GLH-4 results in 97% sterility in the glh-1/4(RNAi) offspring of injected hermaphrodites. glh-1/4(RNAi) germlines are under-proliferated and are without oocytes. glh-1/4(RNAi) animals produce sperm; however, spermatogenesis is delayed and the sperm are defective. P granules are still present in glh-1/4(RNAi) sterile worms as revealed with antibodies against the remaining GLH-2 and GLH-3 proteins, indicating the GLHs function independently in P granule assembly. These studies reveal that C.elegans can use GLH-1 or GLH-4 to promote germline development.

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RNA helicase HEL-1 promotes longevity by specifically activating DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1505451112 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 112 (31) ◽

pp. E4246-E4255 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Mihwa Seo ◽

Keunhee Seo ◽

Wooseon Hwang ◽

Hee Jung Koo ◽

Jeong-Hoon Hahm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Target Genes ◽

Large Fraction ◽

Large Family ◽

Rna Helicase ◽

Rna Helicases ◽

Foxo Transcription Factor ◽

Dead Box ◽

Transcription Factor Signaling

The homeostatic maintenance of the genomic DNA is crucial for regulating aging processes. However, the role of RNA homeostasis in aging processes remains unknown. RNA helicases are a large family of enzymes that regulate the biogenesis and homeostasis of RNA. However, the functional significance of RNA helicases in aging has not been explored. Here, we report that a large fraction of RNA helicases regulate the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. In particular, we show that a DEAD-box RNA helicase, helicase 1 (HEL-1), promotes longevity by specifically activating the DAF-16/forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factor signaling pathway. We find that HEL-1 is required for the longevity conferred by reduced insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling (IIS) and is sufficient for extending lifespan. We further show that the expression of HEL-1 in the intestine and neurons contributes to longevity. HEL-1 enhances the induction of a large fraction of DAF-16 target genes. Thus, the RNA helicase HEL-1 appears to promote longevity in response to decreased IIS as a transcription coregulator of DAF-16. Because HEL-1 and IIS are evolutionarily well conserved, a similar mechanism for longevity regulation via an RNA helicase-dependent regulation of FOXO signaling may operate in mammals, including humans.

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Review for "The connectome of the Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx"

10.1002/cne.24932/v1/review1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sreekanth Chalasani

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans

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The glycomes of Caenorhabditis elegans and other model organisms

Biochemical Society Symposium ◽

10.1042/bss0690117 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

pp. 117-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Stuart M. Haslam ◽

David Gems ◽

Howard R. Morris ◽

Anne Dell

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Structural Data ◽

Model Organisms ◽

Entire Genome ◽

C Elegans ◽

The Face ◽

Area Of Concern ◽

Nematode Worm

There is no doubt that the immense amount of information that is being generated by the initial sequencing and secondary interrogation of various genomes will change the face of glycobiological research. However, a major area of concern is that detailed structural knowledge of the ultimate products of genes that are identified as being involved in glycoconjugate biosynthesis is still limited. This is illustrated clearly by the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, which was the first multicellular organism to have its entire genome sequenced. To date, only limited structural data on the glycosylated molecules of this organism have been reported. Our laboratory is addressing this problem by performing detailed MS structural characterization of the N-linked glycans of C. elegans; high-mannose structures dominate, with only minor amounts of complex-type structures. Novel, highly fucosylated truncated structures are also present which are difucosylated on the proximal N-acetylglucosamine of the chitobiose core as well as containing unusual Fucα1–2Gal1–2Man as peripheral structures. The implications of these results in terms of the identification of ligands for genomically predicted lectins and potential glycosyltransferases are discussed in this chapter. Current knowledge on the glycomes of other model organisms such as Dictyostelium discoideum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster is also discussed briefly.

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