Source-sink interactions shape herbivore-induced defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail P. Ferrieri
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Induced Defense Responses ◽  
Source Sink

scholarly journals Identification of MAMP-Responsive Plasma Membrane-Associated Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana Following Challenge with Different LPS Chemotypes from Xanthomonas campestris

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Raeesa H. Hussan ◽  
Ian A. Dubery ◽  
Lizelle A. Piater
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Induced Defense Responses

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) responsible for eliciting defense-related responses and while the effects have been well-documented in mammals, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the mechanism of perception in plant systems and recognized structural moieties within the macromolecular lipoglycan structure. Thus, identification of the LPS plasma membrane (PM) receptor(s)/receptor complex in Arabidopsis thaliana through proteomics will contribute to a deeper understanding of induced defense responses. As such, structurally characterized LPS chemotypes from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) wild-type 8004 (prototypical smooth-type LPS) and mutant 8530 (truncated core with no O–chain) strains were utilized to pre-treat A. thaliana plants. The associated proteomic response/changes within the PM were compared over a 24 h period using mass spectrometry-based methodologies following three variants of LPS-immobilized affinity chromatography. This resulted in the identification of proteins from several functional categories, but importantly, those involved in perception and defense. The distinct structural features between wild-type and mutant LPS are likely responsible for the differential changes to the proteome profiles, and many of the significant proteins were identified in response to the wild-type Xcc LPS where it is suggested that the core oligosaccharide and O-chain participate in recognition by receptor-like kinases (RLKs) in a multiprotein complex and, notably, varied from that of the mutant chemotype.

Elevated CO2 influences herbivory-induced defense responses of Arabidopsis thaliana

Oecologia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gabriela Bidart-Bouzat ◽  
Richard Mithen ◽  
May R. Berenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Induced Defense Responses

scholarly journals Induction of cell wall phenolic monomers as part of direct defense response in maize to pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker) and non-insect interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lakshmi Soujanya ◽  
J. C. Sekhar ◽  
C. V. Ratnavathi ◽  
Chikkappa G. Karjagi ◽  
E. Shobha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Induced Defense ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Insect Interactions ◽  
Induced Defense Responses

AbstractPink stem borer (PSB) causes considerable yield losses to maize. Plant–insect interactions have significant implications for sustainable pest management. The present study demonstrated that PSB feeding, mechanical wounding, a combination of mechanical wounding and PSB regurgitation and exogenous application of methyl jasmonate have induced phenolic compound mediated defense responses both at short term (within 2 days of treatment) and long term (in 15 days of treatment) in leaf and stalk tissues of maize. The quantification of two major defense related phenolic compounds namely p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) and ferulic acid (FA) was carried out through ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) at 2 and 15 days after imposing the above treatments. The p-CA content induced in leaf tissues of maize genotypes were intrinsically higher when challenged by PSB attack at V3 and V6 stages in short- and long-term responses. Higher p-CA content was observed in stalk tissues upon wounding and regurgitation in short- and long-term responses at V3 and V6 stages. Significant accumulation of FA content was also observed in leaf tissues in response to PSB feeding at V3 stage in long-term response while at V6 stage it was observed both in short- and long-term responses. In stalk tissues, methyl jasmonate induced higher FA content in short-term response at V3 stage. However, at V6 stage PSB feeding induced FA accumulation in the short-term while, wounding and regurgitation treatment-induced defense responses in the long-term. In general, the resistant (DMRE 63, CM 500) and moderately resistant genotypes (WNZ ExoticPool) accumulated significantly higher contents of p-CA and FA content than susceptible ones (CM 202, BML 6) in most of the cases. The study indicates that phenolic mediated defense responses in maize are induced by PSB attack followed by wounding and regurgitation compared to the other induced treatments. Furthermore, the study confirmed that induced defense responses vary with plant genotype, stage of crop growth, plant tissue and short and long-term responses. The results of the study suggested that the Phenolic acids i.e. p-CA and FA may contribute to maize resistance mechanisms in the maize-PSB interaction system.

scholarly journals Caterpillar salivary enzymes: "eliciting" a response

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Merkx-Jacques ◽  
Jacqueline C. Bede
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Herbivorous Insect ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Induced Defense Responses ◽  
Bertha Armyworm

Abstract Plants exhibit remarkable plasticity in their ability to differentiate between herbivorous insect species and subtly adjust their defense responses to target distinct pests. One key mechanism used by plants to recognize herbivorous caterpillars is elicitors present in their oral secretions; however, these elicitors not only cause the induction of plant defenses but recent evidence suggests that they may also suppress plant responses. The absence of “expected changes” in induced defense responses of insect-infested plants has been attributed to hydrogen peroxide produced by caterpillar salivary glucose oxidase (GOX). Activity of this enzyme is variable among caterpillar species; it was detected in two generalist caterpillars, the beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) and the bertha armyworm (Mamestra configurata), but not in other generalist or specialist caterpillar species tested. In the beet armyworm, GOX activity fluctuated over larval development with high activity associated with the salivary glands of fourth instars. Larval salivary GOX activity of the beet armyworm and the bertha armyworm was observed to be significantly higher in caterpillars reared on artificial diet as compared with those reared on Medicago truncatula plants. This implies that a factor in the diet is involved in the regulation of caterpillar salivary enzyme activity. Therefore, plant diet may be regulating caterpillar oral elicitors that are involved in the regulation of plant defense responses: our goal is to understand these two processes.

scholarly journals Citronella essential oil in the control and activation of coffee plants defense response against rust and brown eye spot

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges Pereira ◽  
Gilvaine Ciavareli Lucas ◽  
Fabiano José Perina ◽  
Pedro Martins Ribeiro Júnior ◽  
Eduardo Alves
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Significant Control ◽  
Citronella Oil ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Induced Defense Responses ◽  
Brown Eye Spot

The rust and brown eye spot are the main coffee diseases. The losses are due to intense defoliation of plants, which has reduced its production and longevity. The brown eye spot also occurs in fruits, with negative effects on the beverage quality. Some essential oils have presented promising results in the control of plant diseases, as an alternative to the use of fungicides. The objective of this study was to evaluate citronella essential oil in the control of rust and brown eye spot and in the activation of coffee plants defense responses. Twelve-month-old plants were sprayed with citronella oil 1000 µL L-1, acibenzolar-S-methyl 200 mg L-1 and tebuconazole fungicide 200 mg L-1. Plants were inoculated with Hemileia vastatrix and Cercospora coffeicola seven days later. The application was repeated after 30 days. Plants with five months were sprayed with the same treatments to assess the induced defense responses. Citronella oil controlled rust and brown eye spot with efficiencies of 47.2% and 29.7%, respectively, while tebuconazole presented control of 96.5% and 90.5%, respectively. Acibenzolar-S-methyl reduced brown eye spot by 55.9% and showed no significant control of rust. Citronella oil increased peroxidase and chitinase activities in five months coffee plants 336, and 24 and 336 hours after spraying, respectively. Acibenzolar-S-methyl increased peroxidase, chitinase and ββ-1,3-glucanase activities 192, 288 and 336; 24 and; 240 hours after spraying, respectively. The treatments did not increase accumulation of phenols, but a significant increase in lignin was observed in plants sprayed with citronella oil.

Tomatidine and lycotetraose, hydrolysis products of α-tomatine byFusarium oxysporumtomatinase, suppress induced defense responses in tomato cells

FEBS Letters ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 571 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Ito ◽  
Tomomi Eto ◽  
Shuhei Tanaka ◽  
Naoki Yamauchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Takahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Induced Defense ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Induced Defense Responses
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