scholarly journals How monetary policy influences the lending to small business : an empirical study on relationship banking using a Korean bank data set

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ryung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Relationship Banking ◽  
Data Set

scholarly journals Storm type effects on super Clausius–Clapeyron scaling of intense rainstorm properties with air temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1753-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Molnar ◽  
S. Fatichi ◽  
L. Gaál ◽  
J. Szolgay ◽  
P. Burlando
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Interval Data ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Convective Storms ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Alpine Environments

Abstract. Extreme precipitation is thought to increase with warming at rates similar to or greater than the water vapour holding capacity of the air at ~ 7% °C−1, the so-called Clausius–Clapeyron (CC) rate. We present an empirical study of the variability in the rates of increase in precipitation intensity with air temperature using 30 years of 10 min and 1 h data from 59 stations in Switzerland. The analysis is conducted on storm events rather than fixed interval data, and divided into storm type subsets based on the presence of lightning which is expected to indicate convection. The average rates of increase in extremes (95th percentile) of mean event intensity computed from 10 min data are 6.5% °C−1 (no-lightning events), 8.9% °C−1 (lightning events) and 10.7% °C−1 (all events combined). For peak 10 min intensities during an event the rates are 6.9% °C−1 (no-lightning events), 9.3% °C−1 (lightning events) and 13.0% °C−1 (all events combined). Mixing of the two storm types exaggerates the relations to air temperature. Doubled CC rates reported by other studies are an exception in our data set, even in convective rain. The large spatial variability in scaling rates across Switzerland suggests that both local (orographic) and regional effects limit moisture supply and availability in Alpine environments, especially in mountain valleys. The estimated number of convective events has increased across Switzerland in the last 30 years, with 30% of the stations showing statistically significant changes. The changes in intense convective storms with higher temperatures may be relevant for hydrological risk connected with those events in the future.

Decision Support Systems in Small Businesses

2011 ◽  
pp. 974-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqing Duan ◽  
Mark Xu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
The Uk

Decision support systems (DSSs) are widely used in many organisations (Arslan et al., 2004; Belecheanu et al., 2003; Dey, 2001; Gopalakrishnan et al., 2004; Lau et al., 2001; Puente et al., 2002). However, there is a common tendency to apply experience and techniques gained from large organisations directly to small businesses, without recognising the different decision support needs of the small business. This article aims to address the issues related to the development and the implementation of DSSs in small business firms. Our arguments are based on evidence drawn from a large body of DSS literature and an empirical study conducted by the authors in the UK manufacturing sector.

Uncertainty about Federal Reserve Policy and its Transmission to Emerging Economies

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-65
Author(s):  
Peter Tillmann
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Transmission Channel ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Transmission

It is well known that a tightening or easing of the United States’ monetary policy affects financial markets in emerging economies. This chapter argues that uncertainty about future monetary policy is a separate transmission channel. We focus on the taper tantrum episode in 2013, a period with an elevated uncertainty about monetary policy, and use a data set that contains 90,000 Twitter messages on Federal Reserve tapering. Based on this data set, we construct a new index about monetary policy uncertainty using a list of uncertainty keywords. An advantage of this index is that it reflects uncertainty about a specific policy decision. An estimated vector autoregression (VAR) shows that uncertainty shocks lead to a fall in asset prices and a depreciation of local currencies. We also discuss the policy implications of this uncertainty channel of monetary policy transmission.

Determinates of Islamic banks liquidity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1619-1632
Author(s):  
Ahmad Al-Harbi
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Deposit Insurance ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Ratio Size ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The One

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of Islam banks (IBs) liquidity. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the author uses a generalized least square fixed effect model on an unbalanced panel data set of all IBs operating in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation countries over the period 1989-2008. Findings The estimation results show that all the determinants have statistically significant relationships with IBs’ liquidity but with different signs. On the one hand, foreign ownership, credit risk, profitability, inflation rate, monetary policy and deposit insurance negatively affected IBs liquidity. On the other hand, capital ratio, size gross domestic product growth and concentration have a positive nexus with IBs’ liquidity. Originality/value According to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first empirical study to investigate the determinants of IBs liquidity using cross-country data with a large sample of IBs (110 banks) and over a long period (19 years). Also, the paper included variables that had not been discussed on the previous studies, which used cross-country data, such as efficiency, deposit insurance, monetary policy, concentration and market capitalization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of microcomputer utilization in small- and medium-sized businesses

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
J. J.D. Havenga ◽  
P. J.S. Bruwer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Developing Region

This paper presents the result of an empirical study on the use of microcomputers by small and medium-sized businesses in South Africa. A number of countries were included in the survey. The purpose of this study was to establish, through the use of 51 variables in the project, what major problems small and medium-sized businesses experience in the use of microcomputers in a developing region such as southern Africa. Special emphasis was placed on the main reasons for purchasing microcomputers, types of software used, as well as training and experience in handling this equipment in the management of a small business. Major findings included a greater computer literacy amongst users, with a strong tendency towards computer application for more sophisticated purposes such as decision making means of support.

High leverage and variance of SMEs performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazen Gharsalli
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Good Investment ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between leverage and firm performance using small business data from France by estimating the effects of leverage on both average firm performance and the variance of firm performance. Design/methodology/approach Focusing on French small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which tend to be dependent on bank loans, the authors examine the relationship between leverage and firm performance. This study was based on a unique panel data set of more than 2,157 manufacturing SMEs covering the years 2007-2015. The authors estimate the effects of leverage on both average firm performance and the variance of firm performance. Findings Focusing on the average effects of leverage, the authors find that highly leveraged firms suffer from poor performance. In addition, the variance in firm performance is higher if firms are highly leveraged. Results also underline that leveraged firms are better performers when they have sufficient collateral assets. Research limitations/implications The study, however, has also some limitations. The first one is that the findings were obtained for only one industry sector, so attempts should be made to study the issue, as it applies to other sectors as well. Second is the context where the study was conducted. This study has been conducted based on data gathered from SMEs in France within a specific socioeconomic context (2007-2008 global financial crisis), which may also limit the generalizability of the results for different contexts with different socioeconomic situations. It would also be useful, to have a better explanation for the performance of SMEs, to add to the model more financial variables or other types of variables such as those related to managerial skills or to the macro-economic environment. Finally, further research could examine the joint impact of both leverage and ownership structure on firm’s performance as a large number of French firms are family firms. The limitations of this study, however, can in fact be an opportunity for future researchers to conduct studies addressing those limitations. Practical implications This research has some implications for small business lending. SME owners and managers may, on the one hand, be encouraged by the fact that collateral assets can reduce agency costs, thereby positively affecting firm performance. On the other hand, high leverage can facilitate firm growth if firms have collateral assets. This implies that policymakers interested in stimulating SMEs should develop more suitable collaterals for high-risk SMEs with low asset tangibility. Social implications The results also have implications for financial institutions. To prevent unexpected and extensive bankruptcies, banks might classify firms with negative cash flows as borrower in danger of bankruptcy. However, the results show that highly leveraged firms with good investment opportunities and high collateral assets reduce the probability of bankruptcy. This implies that banks need to evaluate the credit risk of very highly leveraged small businesses more carefully. Originality/value It should be noted that the case of France remains marginal in terms of the conducted studies.

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