scholarly journals THE INCIDENCE AND CORRELATION OF CHRONIC PROSTATITIS WITH PSA IN BPH PATIENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mahendra Krisna ◽  
Hariatmoko Hariatmoko ◽  
R Pinzon
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Prostatitis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Secondary Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Prostate Enlargement ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prostate Growth

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of incidental chronic prostatitis proven by biopsy in prostate enlargement patients and to correlate with Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level serum. Material & Methods: This was a retrospective study with cross-sectional method. All of the prostate enlargement subjects with urinary retention and treated by surgical therapy were taken into inclusion criteria. The patient with acute prostatitis proven by biopsy and uncompleted medical records were excluded. Statistical analysis used Spearman correlation test. Results: The mean values of age and PSA were 70.24 years and 27.2 ng/mL. The patients characteristic such as surgery waiting time were 81 patients in 1-3 days, the most common length of stay were 3 patients (4%) for 1-3 days. The most common biopsy result was Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) in 55 patients (61.5%). 64 patients (70.3%) were treated by Trans Urethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) and 14 patients (9.9%) had secondary surgery. There was a correlation between chronic prostatitis with PSA levels in BPH patients (p=0.000). Conclusion: Chronic prostatitis is often found incidentally in BPH patients and affecting PSA serum level. The existence of chronic prostatitis in BPH may predict the progress of prostate growth.

scholarly journals Turkish Midwifery Students’ Fear of Delivery Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Neslihan Keser Özcan ◽  
Nur Elçin Boyacıoğlu ◽  
Neriman Güdücü ◽  
Seda Göncü Serhatlıoğlu ◽  
Emine Yıldırım ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wrong Decision ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Breech Delivery ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test

Introduction: Fear affects a person’s decision-making process and causes a midwife to make a wrong decision about normal vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery, so research was carried out in order to determine the fields related to delivering process in which students experience the most fear and feel sufficient. Methods: A descriptive/cross-sectional study was performed between September and October 2017. The sample consisted of 732 students selected with the convenience maximum variation sampling method from six universities studying in the third and fourth years of a midwifery program. The study measured data collected with a questionnaire entitled “Midwives’ Fear of Delivery Process”. The data were analyzed in with the SPSS for Windows using percentage and mean values and Spearman correlation test. Results: In general, students are more afraid of practices with which they say they have more experience such as vaginal palpation (3.30 (0.884), rs=0.131, P*lt;0.001), and they are less afraid of practices (interventional) with which they have less experience such as breech delivery (1.70 (0.915), rs=0.048, P=0.197) or no experience at all and of cases in which they can get hurt. The students feel most sufficient when performing prenatal and postnatal practices. Conclusion: The results of our study parallel the conclusion in the literature that students are afraid of the fields that they have practiced most. Before clinical practice, instructors can determine students’ fears and deficiencies in relation to procedures and areas of practice and can develop approaches for alleviating their fears and weaknesses.

scholarly journals Stress and optimism of elderlies who are caregivers for elderlies and live with children

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Érica Nestor Souza ◽  
Bruna Moretti Luchesi ◽  
Keika Inouye ◽  
Sofia Cristina Iost Pavarini
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dependent Elderly

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the relation between stress and optimism of elderlies who are informal caregivers for elderlies and live with children. Method: cross-sectional study on 50 elderlies who provide care to elderlies, live with children, and are registered in the primary health care. The interviews occurred in the participant's residence and we evaluated characteristics of the care-dependent elderly and of the children, sociodemographic characteristics, stress through the Perceived Stress Scale and optimism through the Pinto and Pais-Ribeiro Spirituality Scale, in the elderly caregiver. For statistical analysis we used the Spearman correlation test. Results: the mean level of stress was 23.9 points and of optimism was 3.3 points. Correlation analysis showed that the higher the level of optimism the significantly lower the level of perceived stress of elderlies who provided care to elderlies and lived with children. Conclusion: inversely proportional correlation was identified between stress and optimism.

PERIODONTAL DISEASE STATUS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE AND TREATMENT NEEDS OF PREGNANT WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Thien Nguyen Duc ◽  
Tai Tran Tan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Background: Periodontal disease is a prominent and important issue of public health, especially in pregnant women. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics; learn knowledge, attitudes, practice oral hygiene and assess the need for treatment of periodontal disease in pregnant women. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 210 pregnant women who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Clinical examination and interview questions on knowledge, attitudes and practice of oral care for all subjects. Results: The incidence of gingivitis was 100%, with mild gingivitis of 4,3% and moderate gingivitis of 95.7%. There was a difference in incidence rates of gingivitis in the gestational period (p<0.001). The incidence of periodontitis is 17.6% and there is no difference in gestational age (p>0.05). The mean values of GI and BOP indices differed by gestation period (p<0.05) and PD, OHI-S, PlI have statistically significant relationship with gestation period (p>0.05). The incidence of periodontal disease is 80.5%; The percentage of pregnant women who abstain from brushing their teeth after birth is 61.4%. Prevalence of brushing once a day: 7.1%; Twice a day: 70.5% and 3 times daily: 22.4%; The mean values of GI, PD, BOP, OHI-S and PlI were inversely proportional to the number of brushing (p<0.001). The rate of dental hygiene is just 3.3%; The rate of oral hygiene, dental plaque and plaque removal was 94,3%; The proportion of subjects required for intensive treatment is 2.4%. Conclusion: Periodontal disease, especially for pregnant women, is high. It is necessary to educate the knowledge, attitudes and practice of proper oral hygiene and to better meet the demand for periodontal disease treatment for pregnant women. Key words: Periodontal disease, pregnant women, knowledge, attitude, practice for oral hygiene, treatment needs

Effect of Medialization of the Trochlear Groove and Lateralization of the Tibial Tubercle on TT-TG Distance: A Cross-sectional Study of Dysplastic and Nondysplastic Knees

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652098781
Author(s):  
Mathias Paiva ◽  
Lars Blønd ◽  
Per Hölmich ◽  
Kristoffer Weisskirchner Barfod
Keyword(s):  
Trochlear Dysplasia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Tibial Tubercle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Background: Tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is often used as a measure of lateralization of the TT and is important for surgical planning. Purpose: To investigate if increased TT-TG distance measured on axial magnetic resonance images is due to lateralization of the TT or medialization of the TG. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 84 knees (28 normal [NK], 28 with trochlear dysplasia [TD], and 28 with patellar dislocation without TD [PD]) were examined. The medial border of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was chosen as the central anatomic landmark. The distance from the TT to PCL (TT-PCL) was measured to examine the lateralization of the TT. The distance from the TG to the PCL (TG-PCL) was measured to examine the medialization of the TG. Between-group differences were investigated by use of 1-way analysis of variance. Results: The mean values for TT-TG distance were 8.7 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 12.1 ± 6.0 mm for PD, and 16.7 ± 4.3 mm in the TD group ( P < .01). The mean values for TT-PCL distance were 18.5 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 18.5 ± 4.5 mm for PD, and 21.2 ± 4.2 mm in the TD group ( P = .03). The mean values for TG-PCL distance were 9.6 ± 3.0 mm for NK, 7.1 ± 3.4 mm for PD, and 5.1 ± 3.3 mm in the dysplastic group ( P < .01). Conclusion: The present results indicate that increased TT-TG distance is due to medialization of the TG and not lateralization of the TT. Knees with TD had increased TT-TG distance compared with the knees of the control group and the knees with PD. The TT-PCL distance did not differ significantly between groups, whereas the TG-PCL distance declined with increased TT-TG.

scholarly journals Comparison of clinical and biochemical variables in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and their first-degree relatives with metabolic syndrome in Benin City, Nigeria: A cross sectional case controlled study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ogedengbe ◽  
IU Ezeani ◽  
E Aihanuwa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Benin City ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjective. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by a relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. It is also associated with a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including hyper-tension and dyslipidemia. Although there are many studies that have studied the metabolic abnormalities in T2DM patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), only few of them have assessed the metabolic abnormalities in their first-degree relatives (FDRs) who had MetS. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and biochemical variables in T2DM subjects and their FDRs without diabetes in Benin City, Nigeria.Methods. This is a cross sectional case control study including 124 T2DM patients, 96 FDR of T2DM subjects, and 96 controls recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire-administered technique. Variables of interest that were assessed included anthropometric indices like waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist:hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), proteinuria, and microalbuminuria. The 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were used to make a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. The Chi-square test was used for comparison of proportions. P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The student t-test was used to compare means and test for significant differences in the anthropometric and the metabolic indices.Results. The prevalence of the MetS in T2DM persons was 87.1%, 16.7% in the FDR group, and 13.5% in the control group according to the WHO criteria. The mean value of HbA1c was significantly higher in T2DM subjects with MetS (p<0.05). The mean values of WC, FPG, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were higher in subjects with MetS in the T2DM group than in persons with MetS in the FDR group though not significant (p>0.05). The mean values of WHR, BMI, SBP, DBP, and triglyceride were higher in persons with the MetS in the FDR group than in persons with the MetS in the T2DM group. The difference in the BMI and SBP was significant (p<0.05).Conclusion. The prevalence of MetS in subjects with T2DM in Nigeria is very high. Though, all the biochemical and clinical indices were higher in T2DM subjects with MetS, the mean HbA1c, BMI, and SBP was significantly higher when compared to their FDR who also have MetS.

scholarly journals Association between Nutritional Status Determined By Mini Nutritional Assessment and Serum Marker Levels in Older Adults at Eldercare Facilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel G Hilerio Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Malnutrition in the older adult is an ongoing situation in Mexico and is most apparent in individuals that reside in hospitals, nursing homes, and retirement homes. For that reason, it is necessary to evaluate the nutritional status of these adults by means of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and levels of three serum indicators that are commonly ordered when making malnutrition diagnosis. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 older adults residing in eldercare facilities. Nutritional status was evaluated by means of the MNA and three serum indicators (albumin, ferritin, and hemoglobin). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze sociodemographic characteristics, and a Student’s t test, based on gender and reference values, was used to compare mean values of the three serum indicators.  A Chi-square test was used to compare proportions in individuals, based on gender, who had normal nutritional status or were malnourished, and who were at-risk of malnutrition.  A One-way ANOVA with Scheffé post hoc test was used to identify the association between serum indicators and nutritional status of older adults. Of the 100 older adults studied, 53% were men and 47% were women. The mean age was 85±0.7 years. According to the MNA, 20% had normal nutritional status, 55% were at-risk of malnutrition, and 25% were malnourished. The mean indicator values were: albumin 4.7±0.04 g/dL, ferritin 74.2±8.7 ng/mL, and hemoglobin 13.0±0.1 g/dL. No significant association was found between serum indicators and each MNA classification; however, when the same indicators were compared between the sexes, hemoglobin showed a significant difference (P=0.037). Women had lower values but those values did not extend beyond the established physiological range for this population. There was a 55% prevalence of risk of malnutrition in the nutritional status of older adults living in Mexican eldercare facilities in a Mexican province and it was even more frequent in women. 

scholarly journals Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019
Author(s):  
Slavko Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽  
Suzana Cvjeticanin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

A study of growth changes in the mandible from deciduous to permanent dentition

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Huey Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Ramus Height

This cross-sectional study investigated mandibular developmental changes in untreated normal Taiwanese from the deciduous to permanent dentition. Differences in the mean values for ramus height and body length between males and females were statistically significant after eruption of the permanent second molars. SNB angles significantly increased and gonial and L1-MP angles significantly decreased from deciduous to permanent dentition in both sexes. The SN-MP angle in females significantly decreased and ramus inclination in males significantly increased from the early mixed to permanent dentition.

Ultrasound Nomograms of the Fetal Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Krajden Haratz ◽  
Yaakov Melcer ◽  
Zvi Leibovitz ◽  
Hagit Feit ◽  
Tally Lerman-Sagie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Intraobserver Variability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective To construct prenatal age-specific reference intervals for sonographic measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) during gestation in normal fetuses. Materials and Methods Prospective cross-sectional study of fetuses assessed in antenatal ultrasound units between 2010 and 2014. The examination was based on a technique for the sonographic assessment of ONSD previously published by our group. The mean values and SDs of the ONSD were modeled as a function of the gestational week by curve estimation analysis based on the highest adjusted R2 coefficient. Repeatability tests were performed to assess intraobserver variability and interobserver agreement. Results During the study period 364 healthy fetuses were enrolled. The mean values for the ONSD varied from 0.6 mm at 15–16 weeks to 2.8 mm at 37–38 weeks. The ONSD grows in a linear fashion throughout gestation, with a quadratic equation providing an optimal fit to the data (adjusted R2 = 0.957). Conclusion Sonographic age-specific references for the fetal ONSD are presented. This data may assist in the decision-making process in fetuses with a suspected increase in intracranial pressure, or anomalies affecting the development of optic stalks, such as optic hypoplasia and septo-optic dysplasia.

scholarly journals The statistical impact of experimental result scatter of asphalt mixtures on their numerical modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 05014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezary Szydłowski ◽  
Jarosław Górski ◽  
Marcin Stienss ◽  
Łukasz Smakosz
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Test Outcomes

The paper presents selected test results of asphalt mixture conducted in low temperatures. The obtained parameters are highly diverse. It concerns ultimate breaking loads, stiffness parameters related to Young's modulus but also the fracture course. Statistical analysis upon the results makes it possible to relevantly estimate the material-defining parameter values. Such a random approach leads to the mean values of breaking and fracture-triggering loads, dealing with their dispersion too. The estimated parameters allow to form appropriate numerical models of asphalt mixture specimens. This type of analysis supports the laboratory tests. The paper presents the authors' simplified model considering non-uniform material features. The results reflect the scatter of real laboratory test outcomes. In order to do so an algorithm to calibrate the numerical model parameters was created.

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