scholarly journals PROGNOSTIC PARAMETERS FOR THE RECOVERY OF RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE UROPATHY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristo Bundu ◽  
H R Danarto
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Prognostic Parameters ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Parenchymal Thickness

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic parameters for the recovery of renal function in patients with obstructive uropathy after the release of obstruction. Material & methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Secondary data from the patient's medical record was used to determine whether the ratio of blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine, hemoglobin, hyperkalemia, blood glucose, renal parenchymal thickness, and obstruction etiology are prognostic parameters for recovery of renal function in patients with obstructive uropathy after release of obstruction. Bivariate was used to analyze the data using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test with significance level of p<0.05 to evaluate the significance. Results: Based on total of 66 research samples, it was found that renal parenchymal thickness was ≥10 mm (p=0.001), hemoglobin level was ≥10 mg/dL (p=0.001), and BUN/creatinine ratio was ≥10 (p=0.003), it had significant correlation with the recovery of renal function, meanwhile, obstruction etiology variable (p=0.566), and hyperkalemia (p=0.792) did not provide significant recovery of renal function. Conclusion: Renal parenchymal thickness, hemoglobin level, and BUN/Creatinin ratio are the prognostic parameters for recovery of renal function after release of obstruction.

scholarly journals Phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters in adults admitted to hospital in the Western Brazilian Amazon

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Maria Sampaio Enes ◽  
Simone Perufo Opitz ◽  
André Ricardo Maia da Costa de Faro ◽  
Mavilde de Luz Gonçalves Pedreira
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Infusion ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Intravenous Therapy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Dorsal Hand Vein ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Intravenous Catheters

Abstract OBJECTIVE To identify the presence of phlebitis and the factors that influence the development of this complication in adult patients admitted to hospital in the western Brazilian Amazon. METHOD Exploratory study with a sample of 122 peripheral intravenous catheters inserted in 122 patients in a medical unit. Variables related to the patient and intravenous therapy were analyzed. For the analysis, we used chi-square tests of Pearson and Fisher exact test, with 5% significance level. RESULTS Complication was the main reason for catheter removal (67.2%), phlebitis was the most frequent complication (31.1%). The mean duration of intravenous therapy use was 8.81 days in continuous and intermittent infusion (61.5%), in 20G catheter (39.3%), inserted in the dorsal hand vein arc (36.9 %), with mean time of usage of 68.4 hours. The type of infusion (p=0.044) and the presence of chronic disease (p=0.005) and infection (p=0.007) affected the development of phlebitis. CONCLUSION There was a high frequency of phlebitis in the sample, being influenced by concomitant use of continuous and intermittent infusion of drugs and solutions, and more frequent in patients with chronic diseases and infection.

scholarly journals Avaliação das Variantes Genéticas dos Genes AMELX e ENAM na Cárie Dentária em Adolescentes

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 650-654
Author(s):  
Gabriela Paschoalini Romagni ◽  
Paula Marino Costa ◽  
Sandra Mara Maciel ◽  
Maria Paula Jacobucci ◽  
Regina Célia Poli-Frederico
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Component ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Health Organization

A doença cárie é considerada, atualmente, como biofilme sacarose dependente, entretanto, estudos recentes apontam que fatores genéticos também podem influenciar seu desenvolvimento. Variantes nos gene amelogenina (AMELX) e enamelina (ENAM), responsáveis pela formação do esmalte, têm sido propostas como potencialmente envolvidos na doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a ocorrência de cárie dentária em adolescentes está relacionado às variantes nos genes AMELX e ENAM. Para a avaliação da prevalência de cárie foi utilizado o índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPO-D), segundo critérios da Organização Mundial de Saúde. As amostras de DNA foram extraídas das células da mucosa oral. Para a análise dos polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNPs) dos genes AMELX (rs17878486) e ENAM (rs7671281) foi utilizada  a técnica de amplificação de fragmentos de DNA pela reação em cadeia da polimerase foi realizada (PCR) em tempo real pelo sistema TaqMan (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, EUA). Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 5%. Apenas os fatores socioeconômicos influenciaram a experiência de cárie. Concluiu-se que o componente genético, na população deste estudo, não influenciou o desenvolvimento da cárie.   Palavras-chave: Polimorfismo genético. Adolescentes. Esmalte.   Abstract Caries disease is currently considered a sucrose-dependent biofilm, however recent studies indicate that a genetic component can also influence its development. Variants in the amelogenin (AMELX) and enamelin (ENAM) genes, responsible for the enamel formation, have been proposed as potentially involved in the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the occurrence of dental caries in adolescents is related to variants in the AMELX and ENAM genes. To assess the caries prevalence, the index of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) were used, according to World Health Organization criteria. DNA samples were extracted from oral mucosa cells. For the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the AMELX (rs17878486) and ENAM (rs7671281) genes, the amplifying DNA fragments technique  by the polymerase chain reaction was performed (PCR) in real time by the TaqMan system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA). For the statistical analysis, Fisher's exact test and chi-square were used with a 5% significance level. Only socioeconomic factors influenced the caries experience. It was concluded that the genetic component in the population of this study, did not influence the development of caries.   Keywords: Genetic polymorphism. Adolescents. Enamel.

scholarly journals Association between speech and dental occlusion changes in children with cleft lip and palate and time of primary plastic surgeries

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ribeiro Schilling ◽  
Maria Cristina de Almeida Freitas Cardoso ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Marcia Angélica Peter Maahs
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Incisive Foramen

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the changes in speech and dental occlusion in children with cleft lip and palate and verify their association with each other and with the time of primary plastic surgeries. Methods: a cross-sectional study with collected data on the subjects’ identification, age at the time of primary surgeries, and clinical assessment of speech and dental occlusion. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test were used to verify the associations between the variables at the 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results: the sample comprised 11 children aged 6 to 10 years, most of whom were males, self-reported white, with trans-incisive foramen cleft, predominantly on the left side. The mean age at lip repair surgery was 6 months, and 13 months at palatoplasty. Among the main dental occlusion changes, posterior and anterior crossbite stood out. All the subjects presented changed speech, with a prevalence of cases with dentoalveolar and palatine deformities, followed by passive and active changes. Subjects with anterior crossbite tended to have undergone primary lip repair surgery at a mean of four months earlier than the subjects without anterior crossbite. Conclusions: the associations between speech and dental occlusion changes, and between these and the time of primary plastic surgeries were not statistically significant. Even though it is known that early lip repair surgery is ideal to favor oral functions and aesthetics, the results revealed a tendency towards anterior crossbite, in these subjects.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Tradisional

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Urip Tri Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Central Java

Background: The use of modern contraceptives in Central Java tends to decrease while traditional methods are increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the use of traditional contraceptives among currently married women aged 15-49 in Central Java Province. The factors discussed include the number of children born alive, wife's age, wife's education, wife's occupation, residence, and access/utilization of family planning information sources.Method: The research design was cross-sectional, used secondary data from the Central Java SKAP 2019. The total number of respondents was 2.088 married women aged 15-49 years and not currently pregnant. Data collected by interview using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the chi-square statistical test with a significance level of 5%.Results: The research found that most respondents were ≥ 35 years old, having ≥ 2 children, having high education level (senior high school to higher education), not working, living in the cities, and able to use some media to find information about family planning. The related factors to the use of traditional contraceptive methods were education and residences. The number of live birth children, ages, jobs, and the use of media did not influence the use of the traditional contraceptive method.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KECEMASAN DENGAN KELANCARAN PENGELUARAN ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM SELAMA DIRAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT IBU DAN ANAK KASIH IBU MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfikar Mardjun ◽  
Grace Korompis ◽  
Sefti Rompas
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Postpartum Mothers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract : Smooth breastfeeding is influenced by several factors, one of which ispsychological factors, namely anxiety. In general, postpartum mothers often experiencefatigue and mood swings such as anxiety; about themselves and about their new-born baby.This anxiety can affect the smoothness of breastfeeding in post partum mothers. The purposeof this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety and smooth release of breastmilk in post partum mothers while being treated at Mother and Baby Hospital, Kasih IbuManado. The method of this research uses cross sectional research design. The sampleconsisted of 68 respondents with a non probability sampling method with a purposivesampling technique. The results using the Chi-Square did not fulfill the requirements thuscontinued with the Fisher Exact test at the significance level of 95%, obtained by the value ρ -Value 0.001 smaller than the significant value of 0.05. In conclusion, there is a relationshipbetween anxiety and the smooth releasee of breast milk in post partum mothers while beingtreated at Kasih Ibu Hospital.Keywords : Anxiety, Smooth Release of Breast MilkAbstrak : Kelancaran pengeluaran ASI dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunyafaktor psikologis yaitu kecemasan. Pada umumnya ibu pasca persalinan sering mengalamikelelahan dan perubahan mood seperti kecemasan, cemas terhadap dirinya dan cemasmemikirkan bayinya. Kecemasan tersebut yang dapat mempengaruhi kelancara pengeluaranASI pada ibu post partum. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecemasan dengankelancaran pengeluaran air susu ibu pada ibu post partum selama dirawat di Rumah Sakit Ibudan Anak Kasih Ibu Manado. Metode menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional.Sampel terdiri dari 68 responden dengan metode pengambilan sampelsecara non probabilitysampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil dengan menggunakan uji Chi – Squaretetapi tidak memenuhi syarat dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Fisher Exact pada tingkatkemaknaan 95%, didapatkan nilai ρ – Value 0,001 lebih kecil dari nilai signifikan 0,05.Kesimpulan ada hubungan antara kecemasan dengan kelancaran pengeluaran air susu ibupada ibu post partum selama dirawat di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Kasih Ibu Manado.Kata Kunci : Kecemasan, Kelancaran Pengeluaran ASI

scholarly journals Knowledge of pregnant women about anemia is related with adherence to iron tablets

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Baksono Winardi ◽  
Elga Caecaria Grahardika Andani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Almost All

Objectives: to identify association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and the adherence to consume iron tablets in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, IndonesiaMaterials and Methods: Observational analysis cross sectional study. Population consisted of 55 trimester pregnant women in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, in March-April 2017. Samples were recruited using consecutive sampling. The number of sample was 35 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: This research showed that all of the less knowledgeable women on anemia (100.00%) were non-adherent to consume iron tablets, almost all moderately knowledgeable women (92.9%) were adherent, and all of the fully knowledgeable women (100.00%) were adherent. Fisher exact test in significance level of 0.05 revealed p value equal to 0.0001, indicating association between knowledge about anemia and adherence to consume iron tablets at BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, Indonesia.Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia with adherence to iron tablets.

scholarly journals Is there race/color differential on femicide in Brazil? The inequality of mortality rates for violent causes among white and black women

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-366
Author(s):  
Mario Francisco Giani Monteiro ◽  
Jackeline Aparecida Ferreira Romio ◽  
Jefferson Drezett
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
White Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Council

Introduction: Femicide is considered the extreme expression of gender violence. The Brazilian scenario points to a complex public health problem, with evidence of a more severe social phenomenon for black women. Objective: To compare mortality rates due to violent causes in white and black women. Methods: Ecological study of temporal series with secondary data obtained from the Mortality Information System of DATASUS. We estimated the mortality rate from 2016-2018 about suicides, aggressions, and undetermined death by violence in the range of ages 15-29 and 30-59 years among white and non-white women. Femicide cases were compared using firearms or other means. Statistical analysis employed the chi-square test, with a significance level of p<0.05, Confidence Interval of 95%. According to resolution 510/2016 of the National Health Council, the study is exempted from Research Ethics Committee´s evaluation. Results: Between 15 and 29 years, the mortality rate due to aggression was higher for black, 10.5/100,000, than for white women, 4.9/100,000. The same occurred between 30 and 59 years, with 12.5/100,000 deaths among black and 5.9/100,000 deaths among white women. Suicide rates were lower for black than for white women aged 15 to 29 years (1.2/100,000 versus 2.8/100,000) and between 30-59 years (2.0/100,000 versus 5.2/100,000). Among non-white women, the use of firearms was higher and, among white women, hanging was used the most. Conclusion: Violent deaths of women by aggression affect more forcefully Brazilian black women, regardless of age. Firearms remain the aggressor's main resource for practicing femicide, especially against non-white women.

scholarly journals The correlation between laboratory skills frequency and the result of intranatal care practicum of midwifery program students of health faculty in Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afiatun Rahmah ◽  
Rizki Amalia ◽  
Nelly Mariati
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Data Tables ◽  
Health Organization

Based on IDHS Survey in 2012, the average Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) was recorded at 359/100,000 live births. The average mortality rate was much higher compared to the results of IDHS survey in 2007 which was reached 228/100,000 live births. World health organization (WHO) in 2000s introduced Intranatal Care to prevent complications in childbirth. Intranatal care then was introduced to the student through university subject, in which 40% was theory and 60% was laboratory clinic practicum. This research aimed to determine the correlation between laboratory skills frequency and the result of intranatal care practicum of midwifery program students of health faculty in Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin. Methods: This research was quantitative study using descriptive analytic method with cross sectional approach. Sampling technique used was total sampling. The data were collected using secondary data which was presented in the form of data, tables, diagrams, or research topics by using Chi Square test with 95% significance level of 5,991. 32 (37,2%) respondents with <5 times of lab skill frequency showed <75 test scores, while 51 out of 54 (59,3%) respondents who had ≥5 lab skill frequency had ≥ 75 exam scores. Statistical analysis using Chi Square showed the value of p=0,000, which means that there was a correlation between lab skill frequency and the results of the practical test. Conclusion: It can be concluded that improving learning activities in the laboratory will improve students' practical abilities

scholarly journals Use of nutritional food labels and consumers’ confidence in label information

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisane Moreno Lorena de SOUSA ◽  
Lize STANGARLIN-FIORI ◽  
Esther Heyde Selke COSTA ◽  
Fernanda FURTADO ◽  
Caroline Opolski MEDEIROS
Keyword(s):  
Public Institution ◽  
Nutrition Labeling ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nutritional Information ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Label Information ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Objective This investigation evaluated the use of food labels and consumers’ perception of the reliability of food labels nutritional information. Methods This is a transversal exploratory quantitative investigation, carried out in Curitiba, Brazil. A total of 536 students from a public institution participated in the survey answering a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test were performed considering a significance level of 5%. Results The participants’ mean age was 21.11±2.83 years, and 59.3% were female. It was noticed that 41.6% of consumers used the nutritional information sometimes and 14.7% always, mainly because they liked to know what they were buying and consuming (35.8%). Lack of patience (29.5%) and concern about the composition of the food purchased (34.2%) were the main reasons for not using the information provided. The most commonly used nutrition claim was “trans fat-free” (42.5%) and the type of food in which nutrition labeling was used most was milk and dairy products (42.0%). Frequent use of nutritional information was higher among women (p<0.01) and among those who practice physical activity (p=0.04). Many individuals relied on food labels nutritional information (61.9%), but out of these, 43.6% did not use that information at the time of purchase. There was no difference between respondents’ confidence in the information, sociodemographic and health data. Conclusion Many people still do not use the label nutrition information. Efforts should be made to change this scenario. Changes in nutrition labeling can help modify this situation, with the use of clearer label information, more easily understood, that does not raise any doubts in the consumers’ mind.

scholarly journals Prevention adopted by healthcare workers within their families in the Covid-19 pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira Toso ◽  
Bruna Regina Bratti Frank Terre ◽  
Ana Cristina de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
Elucir Gir ◽  
Juliano de Souza Caliari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Survey Monkey ◽  
Nursing Professionals

Abstract Objective: To identify factors associated with the adoption of non-pharmacological preventive measures against covid-19 by healthcare workers within their families. Method: This is an analytical cross-sectional study carried out from October 1st to December 31st, 2020, with 11,513 healthcare workers in Brazil. Data collection through a virtual questionnaire on the platform Survey Monkey. To characterize the participants, descriptive statistical analysis was used with measures of absolute and relative frequency. Using inferential statistics, independent variables and outcome were compared, with hypothesis tests for association (chi-square, Fisher’s exact test), logistic regression, and Woe analysis. A significance level of 95% was used. Results: Most workers used measures such as hand hygiene, environmental sanitation, food hygiene, use of fabric masks, and physical distancing from family members. The association among variables was significant for the region, especially the South region, female sex, and nursing professionals. Conclusion: Healthcare workers adopt preventive measures against covid-19 within family life, especially the women and nursing professionals, with family isolation being the measure of greatest adherence.

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