scholarly journals Demythologization and existential theology: formation of paradigm

2018 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Yuliya Strielkova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Language Practices ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Dialectical Theology ◽  
The World ◽  
Sacred Scripture

The author Strielkova Yuliya A. in the article «Demythologization and existential theology: formation of paradigm» analyzed the conception of the demythologization of Sacred Scripture and Sacred translation as a fundamental setting not only within the dialectical theology of the twentieth century, but also for contemporary searches for the forms of correlation of philosophy and theology in the context of the scientific world pictur. The author outlines the heuristic potential of a reinterpretative approach to the concept of demythologization, considered beyond the conceptual and chronological framework of dialectical theology. Also, attention was focused on clarifying the heuristic content of the concept of "demythologization" for the modern philosophical and theological tradition, as well as the nature of its genetic connection with the existential paradigm of philosophizing and christology. Particular attention is paid to the paradigmatic and formative aspects of the phenomenon of demythologization; the role of language practices and discursive models in the development of the contemporary picture of the world is accentuated 

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

scholarly journals МИТРОПОЛИТ АНДРЕЙ ШЕПТИЦЬКИЙ В КОНТЕКСТІ МУЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДІАСПОРИ (до 155-річчя від дня народження)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Admink Admink
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Education Abroad ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Choral Works ◽  
The World ◽  
Musical Creativity ◽  
Church In The World

Досліджується роль митрополита Андрея Шептицького у розвитку музичної культури української діаспори ХХ століття. Акцентована увага на таких аспектах діяльності Митрополита: розбудова української греко-католицької церкви у світі, його візити у різні країни, розвиток системи духовних навчальних закладів, підтримка світських навчальних закладів, встановлення стипендій для музикантів, які здобували освіту за кордоном, участь у процесах розвитку церковного співу. Виокремлюються святкування на честь Митрополита та вшанування його пам’яті за участю музикантів у різних країнах світу. Питання втілення художнього образу митрополита Андрея Шептицького в музичній творчості композиторів діаспори розглянуто на прикладі аналізу хорових творах одного із його стипендіатів – А. Гнатишина з Австрії.Ключові слова: музична культура, українська діаспора, українська греко -католицька церква, художній образ, митрополит Андрей Шептицький. The author studied role of Metropolitan Archbishop Andrei Sheptytskyi in the development of musical culture of the Ukrainian Diaspora during the twentieth century Emphasis is made on the following aspects of the Metropolitan Archbishop’s activity: development of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the world, his visits to different countries, development of the system of spiritual educational institutions, support of religious educational institutions, establishment of scholarships for musicians who have received education abroad, participation in processes of church singing development. The article highlights the celebration in honor of the Metropolitan Archbishop and honoring his memory with the participation of musicians from around the world. The author reveals embodiment of the image of Metropolitan Archbishop Andrei Sheptytskyi in the musical creativity of the Diaspora composers at the example of the choral works of one of his fellows, Andrei Hnatyshyn from Austria.Key words: musical culture, Ukrainian diaspora, Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, image, Metropolitan Archbishop Andrei Sheptytskyi.

The Origin of the Judges’ Rules

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-53
Author(s):  
Mike McConville ◽  
Luke Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Home Office ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Police Forces

The point at which the liberty of the subject can be subject to interference by force of the law is a critical issue and one reliant on the integrity of judicial oversight. Focusing on the start of the twentieth century, this chapter addresses the discontinuities in the then existing rules relating to the interrogation of suspected persons (embodied by the Judges’ Rules of 1912, whose obscure origins are discussed) and the divergent responses of different police forces to the cautioning and questioning process. From this it explores how the need for closer formal regulation arose and the role of Home Office officials (the very same as those involved in the Adolph Beck case) in drafting the first revision of the Judges’ Rules in 1918 which were to remain in force for almost fifty years. These inapt and inexpertly drafted Rules thereafter laid the foundations for policing regulation in jurisdictions around the world.

Averroism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sten Ebbesen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

‘Averroism’, ‘radical Aristotelianism’ and ‘heterodox Aristotelianism’ are nineteenth- and twentieth-century labels for a late thirteenth-century movement among Parisian philosophers whose views were not easily reconcilable with Christian doctrine. The three most important points of difference were the individual immortality of human intellectual souls, the attainability of happiness in this life and the eternity of the world. An ‘Averroist’ or ‘Radical Aristotelian’ would hold that philosophy leads to the conclusions that there is only one intellect shared by all humans, that happiness is attainable in earthly life and that the world has no temporal beginning or end. Averroists have generally been credited with a ‘theory of double truth’, according to which there is an irreconcilable clash between truths of faith and truths arrived at by means of reason. Averroism has often been assigned the role of a dangerous line of thought, against which Thomas Aquinas opposed his synthesis of faith and reason. The term ‘Averroism’ is also used more broadly to characterize Western thought from the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries which was influenced by Averroes, and/or some philosophers’ self-proclaimed allegiance to Averroes.

scholarly journals Vulgar Modernism: J. M. Richards, Modernism and the Vernacular in British Architecture

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 229-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
The World ◽  
Architectural Review ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
British Architecture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reyner Banham

In 1946 J. M. Richards, editor of theArchitectural Review (AR)and self-proclaimed champion of modernism, published a book entitledThe Castles on the Ground(Fig. 1). This book, written while working for the Ministry of Information (Mol) in Cairo during the war, was a study of British suburban architecture and contained long, romantic descriptions of the suburban house and garden. Richards described the suburb as a place in which ‘everything is in its place’ and where ‘the abruptness, the barbarities of the world are far away’. For this reasonThe Castles on the Groundis most often remembered as a retreat from pre-war modernism, into nostalgia for mock-Tudor houses and privet hedges. The writer and critic Reyner Banham, who worked with Richards at the AR in the 1950s, described the book as a ‘blank betrayal of everything that Modern Architecture was supposed to stand for’. More recently, however, it has been rediscovered and reassessed for its contribution to mid-twentieth-century debates about the relationship between modern architects and the British public. These reassessments get closer to Richards’s original aim for the book. He was not concerned with the style of suburban architecture for its own sake, but with the question of why the style was so popular and what it meant for the role of modern architects in Britain and their relationship to the ‘man in the street’.

Mutual aid for the arts in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Milan: The ‘Pio Istituto Teatrale’

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-624
Author(s):  
Mariarita Pierotti ◽  
Alessandro Capocchi ◽  
Paola Orlandini
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Theatre Arts ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

In the nineteenth century, when the theatre arts were at their peak, Milan was considered the intellectual and artistic capital of Italy. This article explores the objectives and the functioning of an important mutual aid company based in Milan – the Pio Istituto Teatrale – through its accounting system. These accounting documents clearly convey the dual nature of this organization, which was dedicated to protecting both social welfare and the arts. This study confirms the social role of accounting and its implications. In recent years, the attention paid to accounting in artistic institutions has been increasing. However, while many studies have explored Italian mutual aid societies in general, few have considered those in the artistic field specifically. This article attempts to rectify this oversight by examining a mutual aid society functioning in the world of theatre via its accounting records.

scholarly journals The interaction of theater and cinematography in Uzbekistan culture in the first half of the xx century

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Amina Azizova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Image Type ◽  
Creative Life

The form, typology, essence and causes of the interaction between theater and cinema in the world is one of the priorities in the field, and a number of scientific studies have been conducted on the subject. In world experience, during the development of cinematography, it has been used the help of theatrical figures in overcoming the problems of acting, directing and dramaturgy. The study of theater and cinema as the main types of artistic worldview, in which the relationship between the two independent arts, exchanges of actors, process of interaction, individual characteristics were assessed, and it was considered as a new phenomenon. The article studies issues, causes and factors of influence of the same process in 1920–1930. The interaction of Uzbek theater and cinema, the study of creative ties, see it as a scientific problem has attracted attention in recent years. The article examines the role of Uzbek stage leaders in the development of screen art as a separate process, as well as the phenomenon of interaction between theater and cinema. The author explores a new creative life, a biography of a stage actor in cinema, opened for theater actors on the eve of the twentieth century. The art of filmmaking, which has been fighting for the actor for half a century, studies on facts that have attracted theater performers. Theatrical art has proven to be a model for cinematography in terms of decorating, makeup, music, lighting, and acting. Keywords: theater, actor, cinema, director, genre, image, type, role, phenomenon, screen art, character.

The International Role of the Library of Congress: A Brief History

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
John Y. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Thomas Jefferson ◽  
American People ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
National Library ◽  
Needed Information ◽  
The World ◽  
International Role ◽  
National Legislature

The Library of Congress was established by the American national legislature in 1800. It had comprehensive collecting policies from the beginning, as Thomas Jefferson, its principal founder, believed that a democratic legislature needed information and ideas in all subjects and from all parts of the world in order to do its job. By the second half of the nineteenth century it had come to be regarded as the national library of the American people, and by the twentieth century had moved into a position of world leadership with such developments as the LC classification and the MARC format, so becoming a truly international library in scope and service.

Astrology

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-158
Author(s):  
Marek Tuszewicki
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Jewish Culture ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Jewish Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Attributes Of God

This chapter discusses the role of astrology in Jewish medicine, which was another field of great significance for therapeutics. The Bible exhorted Israel not to fear 'portents in the sky' that caused the pagans to tremble. While they rejected the speculations of astrologers of other nations and doubted the accuracy of their predictions, the actual idea of astral influences recurred frequently in their own writings. Knowledge of basic astrological concepts was crucial to an understanding of many aspects of Jewish culture, above all the calendar and the rabbinic discussions surrounding it. The conviction that the seven planets influenced human life and health, in particular at the hour of one's birth, had put down deep roots in the popular consciousness. The Jews perceived a link between the movements of the heavenly bodies and the comparable phenomena of dying and returning to life that they observed in nature. In the folk imagination, the image of the sky was enriched by the conviction that everybody had a light, or lamp, up there which was extinguished with their death. It is pertinent to add that the sun, moon, and stars (and sometimes also the seven planets) featured extremely frequently in the texts of Jewish conjurations. They were mentioned above all in incantations, alongside the attributes of God and religious paraphernalia endowed with an aura of sanctity. Astrology was an intrinsic aspect of views on the rules governing the world that dominated thought in Jewish society until the early twentieth century.

The Twentieth Century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Schoppa
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World

The twentieth century was studded with extraordinary achievements in medicine, science, technology, and space. Yet, this century was the most violent in history, killing an estimated 30 million people in cold-blooded genocides and, in wars, an estimated 187 million. There was not a single year in the hundred-year span when there were no significant wars. In each chapter I have chosen several men and women, many not well-known, on whom I focus a bit more than other historical actors. They reflect the spirit of their times, though their approaches and contributions are distinctively nuanced. Existing in a climate primed for war and violence, they, like everyone else, had to decide where their source of political identity lay and, when a decision was necessary, where their political allegiance would fall: To their own lives as individuals in a specific locality? Or to a particular nation? Or to the larger global community? Given that this allegiance has been much discussed during the last half of the century up through today, to what geographical level do we see world citizens committing their allegiance? That answer will be a key determinant of the future. This chronological narrative also traces other crucial twentieth-century developments: women and their professional and social roles, goals, successes, and setbacks; the powerful forces of race and ethnicity; the role of identity; environmental issues, including atomic energy and the sustainability of natural resources; the causes and changing nature of wars around the world; and the historical roles of contingency and memory.

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