scholarly journals Features of the formation of the Celtic version of Christianity in Ireland in the V - at the beginning of VI century

2008 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
V.R. Buchovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Life ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages

Throughout Christianity, its activities are in one way or another connected to the historical reality of its time. Usually, for different epochs, the strength of these bonds was different, but during the Middle Ages, they were significantly stronger than before and after. It is here that perhaps the most important moment was the rise of Christianity, which spread over a relatively short period of time almost throughout Europe. It was then - and never again in all its history - that the Church was able to participate in the formation of all aspects of its contemporary life (including the social), in accordance with its spirit. When solving this task, it inevitably came in close contact with the "world" and the various forms in which it was represented (ie with culture, state, etc.).

Weavers into Heretics? The Social Organization of Early-Thirteenth-Century Catharism in Comparative Perspective

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-137
Author(s):  
Lutz Kaelber
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages

How did a person become a heretic in the Middle Ages? Then, once the person was affiliated with a heretical group, how was the affiliation sustained? What social processes and mechanisms were involved that forged bonds among heretics strong enough, in some cases, for them to choose death rather than return to the bosom of the Church? Two competing accounts of what attracted people to medieval heresies have marked the extremes in historical explanations (Russell 1963): one is a materialist account elucidated by Marxist historians; the other one focuses on ideal factors, as proposed by the eminent historian Herbert Grundmann.

Temporal and Spiritual Regalia during the Reigns of St. Louis and Philip III

Traditio ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 351-383
Author(s):  
Gerard J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Lay Leaders ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gregorian Reform ◽  
Spiritual Freedom ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages

The Gregorian reform of the eleventh century mounted a massive attack on lay control over churches and church appointments, yet the degree to which this attack succeeded in attaining its objectives varied from country to country. Local conditions and personalities were important in determining the outcome of the struggle over investiture and other related questions, but neither side achieved a complete victory, because the final agreements between clerical and lay leaders were a compromise which produced the usual mixture of satisfaction and disappointment. The church gained the most substantial victory, for the smothering stranglehold of the laity over the church and churchmen was broken, nevermore to be restored in the Middle Ages. Increased spiritual freedom for the church in subsequent centuries resulted from the struggle of the mid-eleventh century. Nevertheless, the church had not broken completely from its close ties with the world of feudalism. If bishoprics, abbeys, and parish churches were not feudal possessions of kings and nobles, laymen still retained many rights reminiscent of the earlier days when laymen claimed a proprietary right over the churches in their areas. The purpose of this paper is to consider one of these remnants of earlier days: the right of regalia I will examine the right of regalia, temporal and spiritual, together with some related institutions during the reigns of St. Louis and Philip III of France.

scholarly journals How Venus Got Her Furs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Amos Driver
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Chretien De Troyes ◽  
Chrétien De Troyes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Courtly Romance ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
The World ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Middle Ages

This, particular study explores how the Middle Ages gave birth to sadomasochistic erotica; how a burgeoning literary tradition influenced patterns of sexuality and media across medieval Europe. The bulk of the following analysis is centered around Chrétien de Troyes’ Knight of the Cart, and it is aimed at the following questions: Can the origins of sadomasochistic erotica be traced to the courtly romance of Chrétien de Troyes? What were the social ramifications of courtly romance literature? To what extent does Chrétien’s writing depict sadomasochistic relations? How did it affect patterns of sexual behavior in medieval Europe? How did it impact women’s agency? How did the world of sadomasochistic erotica change after the Middle Ages? And likewise, how did its effect on society evolve over time?

scholarly journals Przemiany symboliczno-teologicznego znaczenia materii i ich odzwierciedlanie się w estetyce i sztuce chrześcijańskiej

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Janusz Królikowski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Positive View ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Middle Ages

Almost from its very beginning, the faith of the Church incorporated art in its various forms of expression into the process of interpreting its doctrine. Quite quickly the Church included in this process the dogma of creation, i.e. the calling of the world into existence by God. At first, in polemic against ancient Manichaean tendencies, this dogma contributed to a positive view of matter, and thus to the possibility of using it in the realm of religion: since it comes from God, it cannot be an obstacle to worshipping him. Over time, the theme of creation itself was also incorporated into art, above all because it shaped Christian aesthetics, which always in some way reflected the essential elements of the Christian vision of the world and matter: radiance, proportion, harmony. Scholastic theologians in the Middle Ages drew attention to the fact that aesthetics, referring to the creative work of God, can play a supportive role in man’s return to God, thanks to the fact that it lifts his spirit towards the Creator. In the Middle Ages the motif of God the Creator, especially as the Creator of all things, also appeared in art. Under the influence of Enlightenment and positivist tendencies, matter lost its symbolic and theological bearing, becoming only a material made available to man, and thus the motif of creation disappeared from art. This means that there is a need to search for the possibility of including the truth about creation in art.

scholarly journals De Modo Qualiter Reges Aragonum Coronabuntur. Visual, Material and Textual Evidence during the Middle Ages

Arts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Marta Serrano-Coll
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Power Struggles ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Crown Of Aragon ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages

The aim of this study is to analyze the coronation ceremonies carried out in the Crown of Aragon throughout the Middle Ages. Although the pope granted most Western monarchies the right to hold these ceremonies in their own kingdoms in 1204, our study will address the mechanisms used to appoint kings both before and after the consolidation of these ceremonies, mechanisms which reflected the power struggles between the parties involved, that is, the prince and the Church. We will examine the elements that remained constant throughout this period but we will also pay particular attention to the alterations that were made and how these had important consequences that went beyond politics and entered religious terrain. Among the changes were the kings’ efforts to participate in priestly orders, the promotion and consolidation of new liturgy with content intended to legitimize the kings, and the use of new iconographies with sacred references. As will be seen, these are only a small example of the mechanisms used by the sovereigns of the Crown of Aragon to re-emphasize their links with God, which had been weakened by the transformations to the anointing and coronation ceremonials and the resulting tensions with Rome, particularly during the times of Peter IV (1336–1387).

scholarly journals Models of Perceiving Social Reality in the Middle Ages

2019 ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju.Eu. Arnautova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Order ◽  
World Order ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Church

The article considers the views of contemporaries about the social structure of the Western European Middle Ages. Social knowledge has represented these ideas in interpretative schemes (models), operating with the ancient concept of ordo. Medieval authors understood ordo metaphysically — as the „order“ of the world order and as an „estate“, i.e. the part of the world created by God, which has its place and purpose. In public consciousness, there were two parallel models of perception of the social order, which can be arbitrarily described as “hierarchical” and “functional”. The earliest interpretation scheme was based on the New Testament (2 Tim. 2:4 and 1 Cor. 9:14; 1 Tim. 5: 1) and divided society into “two estates of the Church” (duo ordines ecclesiae), i.e. to „clerics“ (clerici) and „laity“ (laici), which vary in their way of life and occupation. In the year 400 monasticism appeared, also having a specific “life form”. Therefore concept of social order formulated by Augustine and then by Gregory the Great, had noted the existence of “the three estates of the Church” (tres ordines ecclesiae) — clerics, monks and laity. Both models were hierarchical, because they justified the priority nature of service to God. At the turn of the X–XI centuries in the process of differentiation of new professional groups (knights, peasants), the model of the “three estates of the Church” has been rethought. “Estates” are defined in it in accordance with their functions: “oratores (praying)”, “bellatores (fighting)” and “laboratores (working)”, each of them working as a part of the whole for the rest, which meant the equivalence of their functions. The scheme of the tres ordines ecclesiae existed until the beginning of the New Time, constantly adding new social realities. The highest point of its socio-historical impact is the consolidation of peasants and townspeople into one “estate”, later called in France the “third estate” (tiers état, tiers membre), whose social and economic existence was predetermined by work and lack of privileges.

The Statute of Carlisle, 1307, and the Alien Priories

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Real Property ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
Narrow Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
Order Set

Throughout its history the institutionalised Church has sought in different ways to define its position with respect to the ‘world’, in order to give meaning to the injunction to be ‘in’ this world but not ‘of’ it. During the Middle Ages, the tension was acute because the Church, in its narrow definition of the clergy, claimed to be a separate, spiritual order, set apart from the temporal world. The tangible results of this dichotomy are particularly evident with respect to the real property held by ecclesiastical institutions. Property gave the Church the security to be independent from the lay power and the aristocracy; hence the Church claimed varying degrees of immunity for its property from secular jurisdictions.

Stages in Diplomatic Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 610-618
Author(s):  
Olivier Guyotjeannin
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter examines administrative documents of the Middle Ages and the major scholarly studies of them. It surveys the number of preserved documents and the problems surrounding the lack of documents in different periods and places. The author discusses the role and influence of the Church in the increased production and preservation of documents beginning in the eleventh century, leading to an enormous increase in the production of documents during the last three centuries of the Middle Ages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document