Cellular Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Process

scholarly journals Cell Plasticity and Prostate Cancer: The Role of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Progression, Invasion, Metastasis and Cancer Therapy Resistance

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2795
Author(s):  
Sofia Papanikolaou ◽  
Aikaterini Vourda ◽  
Spyros Syggelos ◽  
Kostis Gyftopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Cellular Process ◽  
Cell Plasticity ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Prostate cancer, the second most common malignancy in men, is characterized by high heterogeneity that poses several therapeutic challenges. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic, reversible cellular process which is essential in normal embryonic morphogenesis and wound healing. However, the cellular changes that are induced by EMT suggest that it may also play a central role in tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to current therapeutic options. These changes include enhanced motility and loss of cell–cell adhesion that form a more aggressive cellular phenotype. Moreover, the reverse process (MET) is a necessary element of the metastatic tumor process. It is highly probable that this cell plasticity reflects a hybrid state between epithelial and mesenchymal status. In this review, we describe the underlying key mechanisms of the EMT-induced phenotype modulation that contribute to prostate tumor aggressiveness and cancer therapy resistance, in an effort to provide a framework of this complex cellular process.

scholarly journals Para-cellular and transcellular diapedesis are divergent but inter-connected evolutionary events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norwin Kubick ◽  
Pavel Klimovich ◽  
Patrick Henckel ◽  
Michel-Edwar Mickael
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Cellular Process ◽  
Endothelial Layer ◽  
Trichoplax Adhaerens ◽  
Core Proteins ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Sequence Reconstruction ◽  
Migration Pathways

AbstractInfiltration of the endothelial layer of the blood-brain barrier by leukocytes plays a critical role in health and disease. When passing through the endothelial layer during the diapedesis process lymphocytes can either follow a para-cellular route or a transcellular one. There is a debate whether these two processes constitute one mechanism, or they form two evolutionary distinct migration pathways. We used phylogenetic analysis, HH search, ancestor sequence reconstruction together with functional specificity and positive selection analysis to investigate this intriguing question further. We found that the two systems share several ancient components, such as RhoA protein that plays an important role in controlling actin movement in both mechanisms. However, some of the key components differ between these two transmigration processes. CAV1 genes emerged during Trichoplax adhaerens and it was only reported in trans-cellular process. Para-cellular process core proteins had at least two distinct starting points. First, during drosophila emergence, Tre1 which is homologous to melatonin GPCR receptor diverged. Secondly, PECAM1 emerged from FASL5/3 during elephant shark divergence. Lastly, both systems employ late divergent genes such as ICAM1 and PECAM1. Taken together our results suggest that these two systems constitute different yet interconnected mechanisms of immune cells infiltrations of the brain. Our analysis indicates that this system coevolved with immune cells, evolving to a higher level of complexity in association with the evolution of the adaptive immune system.

scholarly journals Drosophila F-BAR protein Syndapin contributes to coupling the plasma membrane and contractile ring in cytokinesis

Open Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 130081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Takeda ◽  
Iain M. Robinson ◽  
Matthew M. Savoian ◽  
John R. Griffiths ◽  
Anthony D. Whetton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Curvature ◽  
Cellular Process ◽  
Cleavage Furrow ◽  
Contractile Ring ◽  
Functional Interaction ◽  
Cortical Dynamics ◽  
Central Spindle ◽  
Bar Domain ◽  
Spindle Microtubules

Cytokinesis is a highly ordered cellular process driven by interactions between central spindle microtubules and the actomyosin contractile ring linked to the dynamic remodelling of the plasma membrane. The mechanisms responsible for reorganizing the plasma membrane at the cell equator and its coupling to the contractile ring in cytokinesis are poorly understood. We report here that Syndapin, a protein containing an F-BAR domain required for membrane curvature, contributes to the remodelling of the plasma membrane around the contractile ring for cytokinesis. Syndapin colocalizes with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P 2 ) at the cleavage furrow, where it directly interacts with a contractile ring component, Anillin. Accordingly, Anillin is mislocalized during cytokinesis in Syndapin mutants. Elevated or diminished expression of Syndapin leads to cytokinesis defects with abnormal cortical dynamics. The minimal segment of Syndapin, which is able to localize to the cleavage furrow and induce cytokinesis defects, is the F-BAR domain and its immediate C-terminal sequences. Phosphorylation of this region prevents this functional interaction, resulting in reduced ability of Syndapin to bind to and deform membranes. Thus, the dephosphorylated form of Syndapin mediates both remodelling of the plasma membrane and its proper coupling to the cytokinetic machinery.

420 – Cathartocytosis, a Novel Cellular Process Essential for Metaplastic Dedifferentiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. S-82
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Brown ◽  
Koushik K. Das ◽  
Spencer Willet ◽  
Megan D. Radyk ◽  
Joseph Burclaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Process

Proto-oncogene expression in rabbit aorta after wall injury First marker of the cellular process leading to restenosis after angioplasty?

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. BAUTERS ◽  
P. DE GROOTE ◽  
M. ADAMANTIDIS ◽  
C. DELCAYRE ◽  
M. HAMON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Cellular Process ◽  
Oncogene Expression ◽  
Wall Injury

Plant secretome — From cellular process to biological activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 1834 (11) ◽  
pp. 2429-2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Krause ◽  
Sandra Richter ◽  
Christian Knöll ◽  
Gerd Jürgens
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Cellular Process
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