scholarly journals Postganglionic Sympathetic Fiber

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Fiber ◽  
Postganglionic Sympathetic Fiber

scholarly journals Introduction and validation of a new semi-automated method to determine sympathetic fiber density in target tissues

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0217475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Bleck ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Lkham Erdene-Bymbadoo ◽  
Ralph Brinks ◽  
Matthias Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Density ◽  
Sympathetic Fiber ◽  
Automated Method

Interactive drives from two brain stem premotor nuclei are essential to support rat tail sympathetic activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (4) ◽  
pp. R1107-R1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ootsuka ◽  
R. M. McAllen
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Sympathetic Fiber ◽  
Medullary Raphe ◽  
Cell Groups ◽  
Raphe Neurons ◽  
Stimulation Of

Anatomical studies indicate that sympathetic preganglionic neurons receive inputs from several brain stem cell groups, but the functional significance of this organization for vasomotor control is not known. We studied the roles of two brain stem premotor cell groups, the medullary raphé and the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), in determining the activity of sympathetic vasomotor supply to the tail of urethane-anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats. Chemical inactivation of either RVLM (bilaterally) or raphé cells by microinjecting glycine (120–200 nl, 0.5 M) or muscimol (40–160 nl, 2.1–8 mM) was sufficient to inhibit ongoing tail sympathetic fiber activity and to block its normally strong response to mild cooling via the trunk skin (reducing rectal temperature from 38.5 to 37°C). After bilateral RVLM inactivation, tail sympathetic fibers could still be excited by chemical stimulation of raphé neurons (l-glutamate, 120 nl, 50 mM), and strong cooling (rectal temperature ∼33°C) caused a low level of ongoing activity. After chemical inhibition of raphé neurons, however, neither strong cooling nor chemical stimulation of RVLM neurons activated tail sympathetic fibers. Electrical stimulation of the RVLM elicited tail sympathetic fiber volleys before and after local anesthesia of the raphé (150–500 nl of 5% tetracaine), demonstrating the existence of an independent descending excitatory pathway from the RVLM. The data show that neurons in both the medullary raphé and the RVLM, acting together, provide the essential drive to support vasomotor tone to the tail. Inputs from these two premotor nuclei interact in a mutually facilitatory manner to determine tonic, and cold-induced, tail sympathetic activity.

Distribution of sympathetic fiber areas of radial nerve in the forearm: an immunohistochemical study in cadavers

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chakravarthy Marx ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
S. Dhalapathy ◽  
C. Anitha Marx ◽  
A. S. D’Souza
Keyword(s):  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Sympathetic Fiber

scholarly journals Arrangement of sympathetic fibers within the human common peroneal nerve: implications for microneurography

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 1553-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca P. R. Tompkins ◽  
C. W. J. Melling ◽  
Timothy D. Wilson ◽  
Brent D. Bates ◽  
J. Kevin Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Common Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Fiber Distribution ◽  
Action Potential Firing ◽  
Firing Patterns ◽  
Sympathetic Fiber ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Immunohistochemical Techniques ◽  
Nerve Recordings

Recently, interest has grown in the firing patterns of individual or multiunit action potential firing patterns in human muscle sympathetic nerve recordings using microneurography. Little is known, however, about sympathetic fiber distribution in human lower limb nerves that will affect the multiunit recordings. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the sympathetic fiber distribution within the human common peroneal nerve using immunohistochemical techniques (tyrosine hydroxylase, avidin-biotin complex technique). Five-micrometer transverse and 10-μm longitudinal sections, fixed in formaldehyde, were obtained from the peroneal nerve that had been harvested from three human cadavers (83 ± 11 yr) within 24 h of death. Samples of rat adrenal gland and brain served as controls. Sympathetic fiber arrangement varied between left and right nerves of the same donor, and between donors. However, in general, sympathetic fibers were dispersed throughout ∼25–38 fascicles of the peroneal nerve. The fibers were grouped in bundles of ∼2–44 axons or expressed individually throughout the fascicles, and the distribution was skewed toward smaller bundles with median and interquartile ratio values of 5 and 1 axons/bundle, respectively. These findings confirm the bundled organization of sympathetic axons within the peroneal nerve and provide the anatomical basis for outcomes in microneurographic studies.

Intraventricular infusion of nerve growth factor as the cause of sympathetic fiber sprouting in sensory ganglia

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haring J. W. Nauta ◽  
Joseph C. Wehman ◽  
Vassilis E. Koliatsos ◽  
Marylee A. Terrell ◽  
Kyungsoon Chung
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Sensory Ganglia ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sympathetic Fiber ◽  
Sympathetic Sprouting ◽  
Intraventricular Infusion ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The results of previous clinical trials have indicated that intraventricular infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) in patients with Alzheimer's disease is frustrated by the appearance of weight loss and diffuse back pain. The present study tested whether NGF induces sympathetic sprouting in sensory ganglia. Such sprouting has been implicated in previous studies as a possible mechanism of sympathetically maintained pain in neuropathic animals.Methods. Nineteen Long—Evans rats underwent intraventricular infusion of either artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF; seven animals) or NGF (12 animals). After 14 days of infusion, the sensory ganglia of the trigeminal nerve and the C-2, C-8, T-1, L-4, and L-5 dorsal roots were examined for sympathetic sprouting by using tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemical analysis.Conclusions. In the animals receiving NGF, 52 of 144 ganglia showed sympathetic fiber sprouting. In the control animals receiving ACSF, only two of 72 ganglia showed minor sympathetic fiber sprouting. A preferential sprouting of sympathetic fibers was demonstrated at lower lumbar ganglia compared with the cervical and thoracic ganglia. The data presented here demonstrate that in the rat intraventricular NGF infusion caused sympathetic sprouting in dorsal root ganglia (p < 0.01). These findings may have importance both for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and the understanding of neuropathic pain.

Soluble neuropilin-2, a nerve repellent receptor, is increased in rheumatoid arthritis synovium and aggravates sympathetic fiber repulsion and arthritis

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2892-2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Fassold ◽  
Werner Falk ◽  
Sven Anders ◽  
Thomas Hirsch ◽  
Vladimir M. Mirsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovium ◽  
Sympathetic Fiber
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