scholarly journals Cholesterol Measurement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Measurement

Prevalence of comorbidities and evaluation of their screening in spondyloarthritis: results of the international cross-sectional ASAS-COMOSPA study

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Moltó ◽  
Adrien Etcheto ◽  
Désirée van der Heijde ◽  
Robert Landewé ◽  
Filip van den Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastroduodenal Ulcer ◽  
International Study ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unknown Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cholesterol Measurement

BackgroundIncreased risk of some comorbidities has been reported in spondyloarthritis (SpA). Recommendations for detection/management of some of these comorbidities have been proposed, and it is known that a gap exists between these and their implementation in practice.ObjectiveTo evaluate (1) the prevalence of comorbidities and risk factors in different countries worldwide, (2) the gap between available recommendations and daily practice for management of these comorbidities and (3) the prevalence of previously unknown risk factors detected as a result of the present initiative.MethodsCross-sectional international study with 22 participating countries (from four continents), including 3984 patients with SpA according to the rheumatologist.Statistical analysisThe prevalence of comorbidities (cardiovascular, infection, cancer, osteoporosis and gastrointestinal) and risk factors; percentage of patients optimally monitored for comorbidities according to available recommendations and percentage of patients for whom a risk factor was detected due to this study.ResultsThe most frequent comorbidities were osteoporosis (13%) and gastroduodenal ulcer (11%). The most frequent risk factors were hypertension (34%), smoking (29%) and hypercholesterolaemia (27%). Substantial intercountry variability was observed for screening of comorbidities (eg, for LDL cholesterol measurement: from 8% (Taiwan) to 98% (Germany)). Systematic evaluation (eg, blood pressure (BP), cholesterol) during this study unveiled previously unknown risk factors (eg, elevated BP (14%)), emphasising the suboptimal monitoring of comorbidities.ConclusionsA high prevalence of comorbidities in SpA has been shown. Rigorous application of systematic evaluation of comorbidities may permit earlier detection, which may ultimately result in an improved outcome of patients with SpA.

Cholesterol Measurement in Serum and in Plasma

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Grande ◽  
Donald S Amatuzio ◽  
Shohachi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cholesterol Measurement

Abstract The effect on the plasma cholesterol concentration of various anticoagulants added to the blood in dry form, as compared with that of serum, has been studied. The amounts of anticoagulants used, per 5 ml. of blood, were: heparin, 2.5 mg.; oxalate mixture, 12 mg.; tetrasodium EDTA, 5 mg.; sodium oxalate, 12mg.; and ACD mixture, 5.3 mg. citric acid, 15.8 mg. Na citrate, and 17.6 mg. dextrose. All these anticoagulants caused a decrease in the plasma cholesterol concentration. The mean cholesterol decrease (serum minus plasma) produced by heparin was only 4 mg./100 ml. (S.E., ± 1.24), but this difference was statistically significant. When the heparin was prepared by drying a solution of heparin in 0.9% NaCl a greater difference between serum and plasma was observed. The cholesterol difference (serum minus plasma) producd by Na oxalate increases with increasing amounts of anticoagulant. The decrease in plasma cholesterol concentration produced by the anticoagulants can be explained by changes of water distribution between cells and plasma, reflected by changes of hematocrit produced by the anticoagulant.

scholarly journals Use of cholesterol and soluble tumour markers CEA and syndecan-2 in pleural effusions in cases of inconclusive cytology

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 529-535
Author(s):  
Miklos Gulyas ◽  
Janos Fillinger ◽  
Andras D Kaposi ◽  
Miklos Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
Pleural Involvement ◽  
Cholesterol Measurement

AimsIn order to improve diagnostics in pleural effusions, additional value of effusion cholesterol, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and syndecan-2 assays to cytology was studied.MethodsBiomarkers were measured in effusion supernatants from 247 patients, of whom 126 had malignant pleural involvement, and their additional diagnostic efficacy to cytology was assessed.ResultsSyndecan-2 measurement, although gave detectable concentrations in all effusions with highest median value in mesotheliomas, was non-discriminative between different pathological conditions. CEA concentrations exceeding 5 ng/mL cut-off point indicated carcinomas, regardless of pleural involvement, which gave a sensitivity of 62% and specificity of 100% for carcinoma. Cholesterol concentration over 1.21 mmol/L cut-off value indicated neoplastic pleural involvement with 99% sensitivity and ‘merely’ 69% specificity, the latter mainly due to raised levels being associated also with benign inflammatory effusions. Combined CEA and cholesterol determinations increased the sensitivity for diagnosing carcinomatosis from 70% with cytology alone to 84% and established the correct diagnosis in 16 of 31 carcinomatosis cases with inconclusive cytology. Cholesterol measurement alone, with elevated level, in combination with absence of substantial number of inflammatory cells in effusion sediment proved to be a magnificent marker for neoplastic pleural involvement with 99% efficacy, and recognised all 36 such cases with inconclusive cytology.ConclusionsSimultaneous measurement of CEA and cholesterol concentrations in effusion, or at least cholesterol alone, in combination with non-inflammatory fluid cytology, provides additional specific information about neoplastic pleural involvement, and can therefore be used as an adjunct to cytology, above all, in inconclusive cases.

scholarly journals The ABCA1 blocking agent probucol decreases capacitation in ejaculated dog spermatozoa

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Schäfer-Somi ◽  
Sven Budik
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Abca1 Expression ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Epididymal Spermatozoa ◽  
Phospholipid Transport ◽  
Cholesterol Measurement

Abstract Background The ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters participate in the cholesterol and phospholipid transport within and through cell membranes of many cells including spermatozoa. Cholesterol efflux is important for capacitation of spermatozoa. ABCA1 expression has been assessed in canine spermatozoa previously but its role in capacitation still has to be determined. The aim of the study was to test whether inhibition of ABCA1 (1) decreases capacitation in ejaculated and epididymal canine sperm samples and (2) decreases cholesterol efflux in the same samples. Twenty-one ejaculates and sperm from 22 epididymal tails were collected from healthy dogs. Motility was measured by CASA and viability assessed after staining with SYBR-14/PI. Samples from ejaculated sperm and sperm from epididymal tails were aliquoted. One part was incubated with the ABCA1 inhibitor probucol, the other served as a negative control. In all samples, capacitation was evaluated by chlortetracyclin (CTC) assay and cholesterol was measured by cholesterol efflux assay and colorimetric enzymatic assay. Results In ejaculated sperm, blockade of ABCA1 with 100 µM of probucol/mL of sample resulted in a significantly higher percentage of uncapacitated and acrosome reacted spermatozoa (P < 0.001 and P = 0.031), capacitation was significantly decreased (35% in probucol samples vs 54.2% in controls, P < 0.001). In probucol inhibited sperm samples from epididymal tails, the percentage of capacitated spermatozoa did not differ between groups but the percentage of acrosome reacted spermatozoa increased significantly (P = 0.014). The cholesterol measurement revealed significantly lower cholesterol concentration in the probucol group when compared to the controls (P = 0.035), however only in ejaculated sperm samples. Conclusions CTC assay and cholesterol measurement revealed significant differences between groups; we conclude that inhibition of ABCA1 significantly decreased capacitation and cholesterol efflux in ejaculated canine spermatozoa. The inhibition was not complete but ABCA1 is supposed to contribute to capacitation in canine ejaculated spermatozoa. ABCA1 is probably not important for capacitation of epididymal spermatozoa but might exert other functions during spermatozoa ripening.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document