scholarly journals Electrode Contact Device

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Device ◽  
Electrode Contact

scholarly journals Textile Electrodes: Influence of Knitting Construction and Pressure on the Contact Impedance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1578
Author(s):  
Luisa Euler ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Nils-Krister Persson
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Uneven Surface ◽  
Contact Impedance ◽  
Dry Electrodes ◽  
Textile Electrodes ◽  
Human Forearm ◽  
Wet Condition ◽  
Electrode Contact ◽  
Influencing Parameters

Textile electrodes, also called textrodes, for biosignal monitoring as well as electrostimulation are central for the emerging research field of smart textiles. However, so far, only the general suitability of textrodes for those areas was investigated, while the influencing parameters on the contact impedance related to the electrode construction and external factors remain rather unknown. Therefore, in this work, six different knitted electrodes, applied both wet and dry, were compared regarding the influence of specific knitting construction parameters on the three-electrode contact impedance measured on a human forearm. Additionally, the influence of applying pressure was investigated in a two-electrode setup using a water-based agar dummy. Further, simulation of an equivalent circuit was used for quantitative evaluation. Indications were found that the preferred electrode construction to achieve the lowest contact impedance includes a square shaped electrode, knitted with a high yarn density and, in the case of dry electrodes, an uneven surface topography consisting of loops, while in wet condition a smooth surface is favorable. Wet electrodes are showing a greatly reduced contact impedance and are therefore to be preferred over dry ones; however, opportunities are seen for improving the electrode performance of dry electrodes by applying pressure to the system, thereby avoiding disadvantages of wet electrodes with fluid administration, drying-out of the electrolyte, and discomfort arising from a “wet feeling”.

324 Naturalistic Characterization of Sleep in Chronic Insomnia Using a Non-Contact Sleep Measurement Device

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A130-A130
Author(s):  
Devon Hansen ◽  
Mary Peterson ◽  
Roy Raymann ◽  
Hans Van Dongen ◽  
Nathaniel Watson
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Contact Device ◽  
Chronic Insomnia ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Sleep Measurement ◽  
Measurement Devices

Abstract Introduction Individuals with insomnia report poor sleep quality and non-restorative sleep, and often exhibit irregular sleep patterns over days and weeks. First night effects and logistical challenges make it difficult to measure these sleep characteristics in the laboratory. Also, sensitivity to sleep disruption from obtrusive measurement devices confounds sleep measurements in people with insomnia in their naturalistic setting. Non-contact sleep measurement devices have the potential to address these issues and enable ecologically valid, longitudinal characterization of sleep in individuals with insomnia. Here we use a non-contact device – the SleepScore Max (SleepScore Labs) – to assess the sleep of individuals with chronic insomnia, compared to healthy sleeper controls, in their home setting. Methods As part of a larger study, 13 individuals with chronic insomnia (ages 25-60y, 7 males) and 8 healthy sleeper controls (ages 21-46y, 6 females) participated in an at-home sleep monitoring study. Enrollment criteria included an age range of 18-65y and, for the insomnia group, ICSD-3 criteria for chronic insomnia with no other clinically relevant illness. Participants used the non-contact sleep measurement device to record their sleep periods each night for 8 weeks. Sleep measurements were analyzed for group differences in both means (characterizing sleep overall) and within-subject standard deviations (characterizing sleep variability across nights), using mixed-effects regression controlling for systematic between-subject differences. Results Based on the non-contact sleep measurements, individuals with chronic insomnia exhibited greater variability in bedtime, time in bed, total sleep time, sleep latency, total wake time across time in bed, wakefulness after sleep onset, sleep interruptions, and estimated light sleep, compared to healthy sleeper controls (all F>5.7, P<0.05). No significant differences were found for group averages and for variability in estimated deep and REM sleep. Conclusion In this group of individuals with chronic insomnia, a non-contact device used to characterize sleep naturalistically captured enhanced variability across nights in multiple aspects of sleep stereotypical of sleep disturbances in chronic insomnia, differentiating the sample statistically significantly from healthy sleeper controls. Support (if any) NIH grant KL2TR002317; research devices provided by SleepScore Labs.

Properties of perpendicular-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junctions fabricated over the bottom electrode contact

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4S) ◽  
pp. 04DM06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadahiko Miura ◽  
Hiroaki Honjo ◽  
Keizo Kinoshita ◽  
Keiichi Tokutome ◽  
Hiroaki Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Electrode ◽  
Tunnel Junctions ◽  
Magnetic Tunnel Junctions ◽  
Perpendicular Anisotropy ◽  
Electrode Contact

scholarly journals Prediction of Behavioral T/C Levels in Cochlear Implant Patients Based Upon Analysis of Electrode Impedances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Molisz ◽  
A. Zarowski ◽  
E. Cardinael ◽  
A. Vermeiren ◽  
T. Theunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Subjective Threshold ◽  
Electrode Contact ◽  
Maximum Comfort

Abstract Background Fitting cochlear implants in babies and noncooperative patients is cumbersome and time consuming. Therefore, objective parameters have been sought in order to predict the subjective threshold (T) and maximum comfort (C) levels. Measurements of the electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) have been widely used for this purpose, yet the correlation between these objective measures and the subjective T/C levels is weak to moderate. Purpose This article aims (1) to evaluate correlations between the subjective parameters of the fitting maps such as thresholds (T level) and maximum comfort levels (C level), the impedance of the electrode contacts, and the ECAP thresholds, and (2) to compare the value of the electrode impedances and the ECAP measures for prediction of the T/C levels. Research Design Case review study in a quaternary otologic referral center. Study Sample Ninety-eight consecutive CI patients were enrolled. The average age of the patients was 49 years. All patients were users of the Nucleus 24RECA (Freedom, Contour Advance-of-Stylet electrode) cochlear implant. Data Collection and Analysis Data on impedance of the electrode contacts and the behavioral T/C levels at the first fitting session (2–5 weeks after surgery) and at the 5th fitting session (4–6 months after surgery) have been retrospectively collected in 98 consecutive CI patients. Additionally, the intraoperative impedance values and the ECAP thresholds (tNRT) have been recorded. Results Impedances of electrode contacts show significant strong negative correlations with the stabilized T/C levels at 4 to 6 months after implantation and are an important predictor for the behavioral T/C levels. They can explain R 2 = 28 to 41% of the variability of the behavioral T/C levels. In multiple regression analysis electrode contact impedances can explain twice as much of the variability of the stabilized T/C levels than the tNRT values. The electrode impedances together with the tNRT values are able to explain R 2 = 37 to 40% of the global variability of the T/C levels while the tNRT thresholds solely are able to explain only R 2 = 5 to 14% of the T/C levels variability. Conclusion Impedances of electrode contacts correlate strongly with the stabilized behavioral T/C levels and may be used as an objective measure for fitting of cochlear implants.

Paraxial Optical Imaging Analysis of Corneal Adaptation of Direct Contact Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1207005
Author(s):  
岳炜 Yue Wei ◽  
杨秀彬 Yang Xiubin ◽  
徐婷婷 Xu Tingting ◽  
韩金良 Han Jinliang ◽  
王绍恩 Wang Shaoen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Contact Device ◽  
Imaging Analysis

Modeling the influence of two terminal electrode contact geometry and sample dimensions in electro‐materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 3609-3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Veazey ◽  
Amy S. Gandy ◽  
Derek C. Sinclair ◽  
Julian S. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Contact Geometry ◽  
Electrode Contact

scholarly journals Increasing operational life of brush-contact device in the turbine generator due to using lubricating molybdenum disulphide brushes

2018 ◽  
Vol 944 ◽  
pp. 012045 ◽  
Author(s):  
A I Izotov ◽  
A A Fominykh ◽  
S V Nikulin ◽  
D K Prokoshev ◽  
A B Legoti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Device ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Operational Life
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