Nociceptive Stimulus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Nociceptive Stimulus

scholarly journals Observation of Nociceptive Processing: Effect of Intra-Epidermal Electric Stimulus Properties on Detection Probability and Evoked Potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
Boudewijn van den Berg ◽  
Jan R. Buitenweg
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Detection Probability ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
System Behavior ◽  
Stimulus Properties ◽  
Nociceptive System ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Fiber ◽  
Nociceptive Processing ◽  
Mixed Regression

AbstractMonitoring nociceptive processing is a current challenge due to a lack of objective measures. Recently, we developed a method for simultaneous tracking of psychophysical detection probability and brain evoked potentials in response to intra-epidermal stimulation. An exploratory investigation showed that we could quantify nociceptive system behavior by estimating the effect of stimulus properties on the evoked potential (EP). The goal in this work was to accurately measure nociceptive system behavior using this method in a large group of healthy subjects to identify the locations and latencies of EP components and the effect of single- and double-pulse stimuli with an inter-pulse interval of 10 or 40 ms on these EP components and detection probability. First, we observed the effect of filter settings and channel selection on the EP. Subsequently, we compared statistical models to assess correlation of EP and detection probability with stimulus properties, and quantified the effect of stimulus properties on both outcome measures through linear mixed regression. We observed lateral and central EP components in response to intra-epidermal stimulation. Detection probability and central EP components were positively correlated to the amplitude of each pulse, regardless of the inter-pulse interval, and negatively correlated to the trial number. Both central and lateral EP components also showed strong correlation with detection. These results show that both the observed EP and the detection probability reflect the various steps of processing of a nociceptive stimulus, including peripheral nerve fiber recruitment, central synaptic summation, and habituation to a repeated stimulus.

scholarly journals The effect of baclofen on spontaneous and evoked behavioural expression of experimental neuropathic chronic pain

1999 ◽  
Vol 57 (3B) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
TEREZINHA DE JESUS T. SANTOS ◽  
CARLOS M. DE CASTRO-COSTA ◽  
SÍLVIO D. A. GIFFONI ◽  
FRANKLIN J. C. SANTOS ◽  
RODRIGO S. N. RAMOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Thermal Stimulus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Dose Dependent

Baclofen (beta-p-chlorophenyl-GABA) has been used in humans to treat spasticity, as well as trigeminal neuralgia. Since GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) has been implicated in inhibitory and analgesic effects in the nervous system, it was of interest to study the effect of baclofen in experimental neuropathic pain. With this purpose, experiments were carried out in 17 neuropathic rats with constrictive sciatic injury, as described by Bennet and Xie (1988), taking as pain parameters scratching behaviour and the latency to the thermal nociceptive stimulus. The results showed that baclofen induces, in a dose-dependent manner, significant decrease (p < 0.05) of scratching behaviour and significant increase (p < 0.05) of the latency to the nociceptive thermal stimulus. The absence of antagonism of naloxone suggested a non-participation of an opioid-mediated mechanism in this analgesic effect of baclofen on experimental neuropathic pain.

Colorectal distension: A visceral nociceptive stimulus that decreases CGRP content throughout the spinal cord of the rat

1998 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. A850
Author(s):  
K.R. Tyler ◽  
J. Ren ◽  
R. Harty ◽  
V. Plourde ◽  
B. Greenwood-Van Meerveld
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Colorectal Distension ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus

scholarly journals NSAID Antinociception Measured in a Chemical and a Thermal Assay in Mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
HF Miranda ◽  
J Lopez ◽  
F Sierralta ◽  
A Correa ◽  
G Pinardi
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Intrathecal Administration ◽  
Test Subject ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Dose Response Curves

The antinociceptive activity of several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that were administered either intraperitoneally or intrathecally was assessed in mice by two algesiometric tests. The first was the writhing test, which assessed the abdominal constrictions that were induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid (a chemical test), and the second was the tail flick test, which measured pain responses to heat stimuli. The corresponding effective doses and their relative potencies were compared because these tests use different nociceptive stimuli with different transmission pathways. The intraperitoneal and intrathecal dose-response curves for the antinociception induced by every NSAID that was tested were parallel in the writhing test. In the tail flick test, however, only the intraperitoneal and intrathecal dose-response curves for ketoprofen, piroxicam, naproxen, nimesulide, paracetamol and diclofenac were parallel. The results obtained in this study confirm that NSAIDs possess different abilities to induce inhibition of cyclooxygenase, and they can be indirectly assessed by their different antinociceptive activities, depending on the algesiometric assays that are used. The antinociception of most NSAIDs might involve central mechanisms. The findings demonstrate the increasing importance of the spinal cord in processing and modulating nociceptive input, because intrathecal administration of NSAIDs is always more effective (in terms of potency) than systemic administration; thus, the antinociceptive efficacy of NSAIDs strongly depends on the algesiometric assay that is used and on the type of the nociceptive stimulus to which the test subject is exposed.

scholarly journals GABAA Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingkai Zhao ◽  
Guangjun Chang ◽  
Yan Cheng ◽  
Zhenlei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Ion Channel Proteins ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Α1 Subunit

(1) Background: Emulsified isoflurane (EISO) is a type of intravenous anesthetic. How emulsified isoflurane works in the brain is still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore whether epigenetic mechanisms affect anesthesia and to evaluate the anesthetic effects of emulsified isoflurane in rats. (2) Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8/group): The tail vein was injected with normal saline 0.1 mL·kg−1·min−1 for the control (Con) group, with intralipid for the fat emulsion (FE) group, with EISO at 60 mg·kg−1·min−1 for the high-concentration (HD) group, and 45 mg·kg−1·min−1 for the low-concentration (LD) group. The consciousness state, motor function of limbs, and response to nociceptive stimulus were observed after drug administration. (3) Results: Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess the promoter methylation of ion channel proteins in the cerebral cortex of rats anesthetized by EISO, we demonstrated that the change in the promoters’ methylation of the coding genes for gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor α1 subunit (GABAAα1), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1 (NMDAR1), and mu opioid receptor 1 (OPRM1) was accompanied by the change in messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression by these genes. (4) Conclusion: These data suggest that the epigenetic factors’ modulation might offer a novel approach to explore the anesthetic mechanism of EISO.

scholarly journals A New Perspective of Acupuncture: The Interaction among Three Networks Leads to Neutralization

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning-cen Li ◽  
Ming-yue Li ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Yi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Disease Network ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Acupuncture Effect ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Cascade Amplification ◽  
Reaction Cascades

Acupuncture has been used to treat multiple medical conditions, but whether the diverse effects of acupuncture are intrinsically linked and how they might be connected have yet to be determined. More and more researches have shown that acupuncture is a kind of nociceptive stimulus, which can cause inflammatory reaction in the sites of acupuncture and then further activate the nerve-endocrine-immune systems to cause the cascade amplification of the acupuncture effect. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive summary of the existing literature concerning the role of “acupoint-meridian-disease network” in various effects of acupuncture and suggest a novel notion that acupuncture may restore homeostasis under different pathological conditions by regulating this network, resulting in the activation of different reaction cascades in response to pathological injury. We think that acupuncture acts on acupoints, first activating the small network of acupoints (Acupoint Network). The information of acupuncture is amplified by cascade, and the nerve endocrine immune system (NEI) is activated through the large network of meridians (Meridian Network) of the body itself. The nerve-endocrine-immune system (NEI) further outputs the effect information to the target organ through multilevel and multisystems and finally acts on the disease network (Disease Network) to produce acupuncture effect.

scholarly journals Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Neurosurgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narmadhalakshmi Kannabiran ◽  
Prasanna Udupi Bidkar
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Total Intravenous Anesthesia ◽  
Intravenous Anesthesia ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Effect Site Concentration ◽  
Safe Anesthesia ◽  
Infusion Technique ◽  
Rapid Emergence

AbstractIn recent years, neurosurgical anesthesia has been rapidly evolving in the fields of pharmacotherapy and techniques to administer safe anesthesia. Intravenous (IV) anesthetic agents reduce both cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure besides maintaining flow–metabolism coupling in contrast to inhalational agents. In neuroanesthesia, the technique and choice of drugs directly influence the outcome of the patients. The purpose of this review is to provide the updated information of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in neuroanesthesia. Administration of TIVA using target-controlled infusion technique is emerging as a standard method to administer safe anesthesia in neurosurgical patients. The propofol–remifentanil combination has become very popular due to their favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties for neurosurgery cases. Plasma-effect site concentration monitoring from target TCI devices together with electroencephalogram or bispectral index monitors allows easy titration of anesthetic agents to ensure adequate depth of anesthesia depending upon the nociceptive stimulus. TIVA is associated with smooth induction and rapid emergence with less postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Pinaverium bromide a GI selective calcium antagonist diminishes FOS expression in rats following nociceptive stimulus

2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 2528-2528
Author(s):  
Valerie Sinniger ◽  
Christophe Lamy ◽  
J. Fournet ◽  
Marie-Odile Christen ◽  
Bruno Bonaz
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Antagonist ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Fos Expression ◽  
Pinaverium Bromide

scholarly journals Ensemble Encoding of Nociceptive Stimulus Intensity in the Rat Medial and Lateral Pain Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1744-8069-7-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Jin-Yan Wang ◽  
Jing-Yu Chang ◽  
Donald J Woodward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
Ensemble Encoding ◽  
Lateral Pain
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