scholarly journals Lobar Bronchus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Lobar Bronchus

scholarly journals Airway Foreign Body Mimicking an Endobronchial Tumor Presenting with Pneumothorax in an Adult: A Case Report

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Jun-Ho Ha ◽  
Byeong-Ho Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Chest Tube ◽  
Biopsy Forceps ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
Green Pea ◽  
Airway Foreign Body ◽  
The Right

Foreign body (FB) aspiration occurs less frequently in adults than in children. Among the complications related to FB aspiration, pneumothorax is rarely reported in adults. Although the majority of FB aspiration cases can be diagnosed easily and accurately by using radiographs and bronchoscopy, some patients are misdiagnosed with endobronchial tumors. We describe a case of airway FB that mimicked an endobronchial tumor presenting with pneumothorax in an adult. A 77-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to pneumothorax and atelectasis of the right upper lobe caused by an endobronchial nodule. A chest tube was immediately inserted to decompress the pneumothorax. Chest computed tomography with contrast revealed an endobronchial nodule that was seen as contrast-enhanced. Flexible bronchoscopy was performed to biopsy the nodule. The bronchoscopy showed a yellow spherical nodule in the right upper lobar bronchus. Rat tooth forceps were used, because the lesion was too slippery to grasp with ellipsoid cup biopsy forceps. The whole nodule was extracted and was confirmed to be a FB, which was determined to be a green pea vegetable. After the procedure, the chest tube was removed, and the patient was discharged without any complications. This case highlights the importance of suspecting a FB as a cause of pneumothorax and presents the possibility of misdiagnosing an aspirated FB as an endobronchial tumor and selecting the appropriate instrument for removing an endobronchial FB.

Use of selective catheterization of the lobar bronchus through minitracheostomy in the intensive therapy complex of unilateral bronchopulmonary pathology

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
O. V. Bulashova ◽  
V. N. Shalimov ◽  
А. K. Saetgaraev ◽  
A. F. Bikmuhametov ◽  
А. А. Nazipov
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Therapy ◽  
New Method ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Endoscopic Control ◽  
Selective Catheterization ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
Gas Metabolism

The new method of respiratory therapy in unilateral bronchopulmonary obstruction for immediate influence on the pathologic focus is developed and introduced into practice. The selective catheterization method of the lobar bronchus through minitracheostomy using endoscopic control is applied. The analysis of the obtained results showed the reliable and qualitative optimization of the parameters of respiration, gas metabolism acid-base state indices and hemodynamics resulting in the reliable decrease of mortality.

Reflex bronchial vasodilation in dogs evoked by injection of a small volume of water into a bronchus

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 2195-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Pisarri ◽  
H. M. Coleridge ◽  
J. C. Coleridge
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
Autonomic Pathways ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Pharmacological Blockade ◽  
Airway Defense ◽  
Response To Water

Injection of water into a lobar bronchus stimulates airway C-fibers and rapidly adapting receptors and evokes airway defense reflexes. To determine whether this stimulus also evokes a reflex increase in bronchial blood flow (Qbr), we injected 1–2 ml of water into a lobar bronchus in anesthetized dogs. Injection decreased arterial pressure but increased Qbr from 9 +/- 1 to 21 +/- 3 ml/min. The increase had a latency of 6–8 s and reached a peak after approximately 20 s; Qbr returned to control after 60–90 s. Airway mucosal blood flow, measured by colored microspheres, increased in proportion to Qbr. In contrast, flow in an adjacent intercostal artery that did not supply the airway decreased slightly. Injection of isosmotic saline had little effect. In 13 of 16 dogs, the water-induced increase in Qbr was abolished by cutting or cooling the cervical vagus nerves and hence was entirely dependent on centrally mediated vagal pathways. When the vagus nerves were intact, about one-third of the vasodilator response remained after pharmacological blockade of muscarinic and adrenergic receptors. We conclude that in dogs the defense response to water in the lower airways includes a large increase in Qbr that is partly due to activation of nonadrenergic noncholinergic autonomic pathways.

Intravascular chemoattractants inhibit diapedesis by selective receptor occupancy

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. H465-H472
Author(s):  
G. Goldman ◽  
R. Welbourn ◽  
J. M. Klausner ◽  
L. Kobzik ◽  
C. R. Valeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Receptor Occupancy ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Oxidative Activity ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Normal Plasma ◽  
Lobar Bronchus

An extravascular chemoattractant leads to migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to that site, whereas intravascular administration leads to PMN oxidative activity and sequestration in microvessels but no diapedesis. This study examines the inhibitory role of intravascular chemoattractants. Rabbits (n = 37) were pretreated with zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP), leukotriene (LT) B4, or thromboxane (Tx) mimic. These agents were given intra-arterially, topically into plastic chambers taped atop sites of dermabrasion on the back, or into a lobar bronchus (n = 35). Intra-arterial injection of each chemoattractant resulted, 10 min later, in a 29-42% increase in intracellular PMN H2O2. In saline-infused animals, topical administration of the chemoattractants into dermabrasion chambers resulted in PMN accumulation per cubic millimeter after 3 h of 600 with ZAP, 536 with LTB4, and 643 with Tx mimic; all values higher than 46 with saline and 63 with normal plasma (all P less than 0.05). In other saline-infused animals, lobar lung aspiration of chemoattractants led to diapedesis as measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (PMN x 10(4)/ml) after 3 h: 19.0 with ZAP, 11.2 with LTB4 and 14.5 with Tx mimic, all greater than aspiration with saline or normal plasma 4.0 and 4.9, respectively (all P less than 0.05). Intra-arterial chemotactic administration inhibited subsequent PMN diapedesis in response to that same chemoattractant, both in dermabrasion chambers and in BAL fluid. When different intra- and extra-vascular chemoattractants were used diapedesis was promoted. Thus Tx infused intra-arterially and ZAP applied to a blister or lobar bronchus led to rapid cell migration and increased cell numbers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Peribronchial pressure in excised dog lungs

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 858-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sasaki ◽  
F. G. Hoppin ◽  
T. Takishima
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Radial Stress ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Alveolar Pressure ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Bronchial Wall ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
Intrabronchial Pressure

To characterize the stresses which determine bronchial diameter in the lung, we estimated peribronchial pressure (Px) relative to intrabronchial pressure (Pbr) and to alveolar pressure (PA) for the main lobar bronchus of excised dog lobes using the technique of Takishima et al. (J. Appl. Physiol. 38: 875--881, 1975). The recoil of the bronchial wall, Pbr---Px, when smooth muscle was relaxed varied primarily with bronchial diameter. The recoil of the parenchyma around the bronchus, Px---Pa, varied with lung volume but was also diameter-dependent and served to double approximately the effective elastance of the bronchus in situ. We estimated recoils during slow deflations from TLC with the bronchus untreated, or pharmacologically contracted or relaxed. In untreated and relaxed states, local parenchymal and bronchial recoils were of similar magnitude to overall lung recoil (i.e., Px congruent to Ppl) except at high inflating pressure (PA -- Ppl = 30 cmH2O) where they were about half as great. With contraction, bronchial and local parenchymal recoils increased to as much as twice overall lung recoil. Contracted smooth muscle exerted a radial stress of 36+/-14 cmH2O at full lung inflation but much less during stepwise deflation.

Modulation of bronchial smooth muscle function in horses with heaves

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 2149-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Yu ◽  
Z. W. Wang ◽  
N. E. Robinson ◽  
F. J. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Electrical Field Stimulation ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Relaxing Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
Historical Controls

Four mechanisms that modulate airway smooth muscle function in normal horses were studied in the bronchi of horses affected by the airway obstructive disease heaves. Results were compared with data from historical controls studied by the same personnel in the same laboratory. Rings from the left cranial lobar bronchus (LB1) and small bronchi (5 mm OD) were suspended in muscle baths, and the isometric tension were measured. The inhibitory nonadrenergic noncholinergic (iNANC) function was studied in LB1. After the LB1 segments were pretreated with atropine and contracted with histamine, electrical field stimulation (EFS) induced little or no relaxation, indicating iNANC dysfunction in horses with heaves. Bronchi from animals with heaves were hyporesponsive to EFS and acetylcholine. Epithelial removal augmented the contractile response of small bronchi to acetylcholine more in animals with heaves than in control animals, indicating an enhanced function of epithelial-derived relaxing factor. In contrast, cyclooxygenase inhibition with meclofenamate (10(-6) M) increased the EFS-induced contraction of small bronchi less in affected horses than in control horses, suggesting a change in prostaglandin production in favor of excitatory prostanoids. We conclude that in the bronchi of horses with heaves; the iNANC function is defective, the response of smooth muscle to cholinergic activation is diminished, the production of epithelial-derived relaxing factor is enhanced, and the inhibitory function of prostanoids is reduced.

Thoracoscopic right middle lobar bronchus reimplantation for iatrogenic injury in infant: is it a good option?

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smart Zeidan ◽  
Jean-Christophe Dubus ◽  
Hervé Dutau ◽  
Pascal de Lagausie
Keyword(s):  
Iatrogenic Injury ◽  
Good Option ◽  
Lobar Bronchus

Primary Repair for Closed Lobar Bronchus Injury

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (Sup 6) ◽  
pp. 682-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL H. WOOD ◽  
STANLEY J. GERRICK ◽  
CHARLES E. LUCAS
Keyword(s):  
Primary Repair ◽  
Lobar Bronchus

Pulmonary Migraine

1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel F. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
First Case ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Caucasian Female

Although it is not uncommon in bronchoesophagological practice to be consulted in cases of unexplained atelectasis, patients presenting with painful atelectasis are indeed rare. Three such cases will be described. The first case, previously unreported, for which Dr. M. E. Avery suggested the term “pulmonary migraine” is that of a 14-year-old Caucasian female with a history of recurrent “asthma,” chest pain, atelectasis and migraine headache. On investigation there was demonstrable spastic obliteration of the lumen of a lobar bronchus. Two similar cases are described.

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