scholarly journals Chemical Problem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Problem

A brief history of Nitrogen fixation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
George J. Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chemical Problem

<div>Nitrogen furation has been a subject of great interest to chemists for the best part of a century. As a chemical problem it is possibly unique because the research has really been led by biologists for most of this time. Currently it is being studied by a wide range of scientists of many different stripes, and the interplay between them lends fascination to the topic. Even more, nitrogen futation has been used by humans for at least two thousand years even though the primitive agriculturalists could not have been aware of what was going on.</div><div> </div>

Comparison of cobalamin-independent and cobalamin-dependent methionine synthases from Escherichia coli: two solutions to the same chemical problem

Biochemistry ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (26) ◽  
pp. 6045-6056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio C. Gonzalez ◽  
Ruma V. Banerjee ◽  
Sha Huang ◽  
James S. Sumner ◽  
Rowena G. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Chemical Problem

scholarly journals The Chemical Problem of Energy Change: Multi-Electron Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Hughes ◽  
Elmars Krausz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Activation Barriers ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Proton Coupled Electron Transfer ◽  
Contemporary Issue ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Far From Equilibrium ◽  
Chemical Problem

This special issue is focussed on arguably the most important fundamental question in contemporary chemical research: how to efficiently and economically convert abundant and thermodynamically stable molecules, such as H2O, CO2, and N2 into useable fuel and food sources. The 3 billion year evolutionary experiment of nature has provided a blueprint for the answer: multi-electron catalysis. However, unlike one-electron transfer, we have no refined theories for multi-electron processes. This is despite its centrality to much of chemistry, particularly in catalysis and biology. In this article we highlight recent research developments relevant to this theme with emphasis on the key physical concepts and premises: (i) multi-electron processes as stepwise single-electron transfer events; (ii) proton-coupled electron transfer; (iii) stimulated, concerted, and co-operative phenomena; (iv) feedback mechanisms that may enhance electron transfer rates by minimizing activation barriers; and (v) non-linearity and far-from-equilibrium considerations. The aim of our discussion is to provide inspiration for new directions in chemical research, in the context of an urgent contemporary issue.

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